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Biomedical subjects

K C Liu

Publications and source records attributed to K C Liu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The migration pathway of epithelial cells on human duodenal villi: the origin and fate of 'gastric metaplastic' cells in duodenal mucosa.

The specific migration pathways which epithelial cells take as they migrate through the human villus is unknown, although there have been several speculations. The well-known phenomenon of 'gastric metaplasia' in the human duodenum is readily demonstrable by the diastase periodic acid Schiff (dPAS) method. However, there is no general agreement on whether the origin of this cell lineage is the villus epithelial cells or proliferative crypt cells. Using serial sections, model building and computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction we have followed the pathway of migration of these metaplastic cells in human duodenal villi and report: (1) that these cells migrate in straight lines; (2) that migration is in relatively tight cohorts or migration streams; (3) that a single vestibule can supply cells to more than one villus; and (4) that the cell lineage has a complex origin, deriving either from Brunner's gland duct epithelium or from basal buds growing out of the crypts of Lieberkühn.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1990

Stomal recurrence: a separate entity?

Uncertainty exists concerning the exact aetiology of stomal recurrence following laryngectomy, although it is generally agreed that, when present, the prognosis is very poor. Fourteen cases of stomal recurrence were compared with 15 cases of other types of aggressive recurrence in the neck, for factors implicated in stomal recurrence. Similarities exist between the two groups and, although stomal recurrence has a greater association with subglottic tumour, this difference is not statistically significant. The possible mechanisms of recurrence are discussed, particularly in relation to aggressiveness, and it is concluded that factors involved in aggressive recurrences are similar. Stomal recurrence can be considered part of a group of aggressive neck recurrences associated with more advanced disease prior to laryngectomy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiological study on ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the cervical spine--comparison of the prevalence between Japanese and Taiwanese].

The etiology of OPLL still remains obscure. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether OPLL in the cervical spine occurs more often in the Japanese than in the Chinese and the Takasago tribe (native tribe) in Taiwan. Lateral X-ray films of the cervical spine in these inhabitants over the age of 30 years were studied. Results were as follows. The prevalent rate of OPLL in the cervical spine was significantly lower in the Chinese (p less than 0.01) and in the Takasago tribe (p less than 0.05) as compared to the Japanese in Kagoshima. OPLL was found in 2 out of 1,004 Chinese (0.2%), in 2 out of 529 Takasago tribe (0.4%), and in 9 out of 514 Japanese in Kagoshima (1.8%). The incidence of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament, Barsony's disease and posterior osteophyte was significantly higher in the Chinese, while there was no significant difference of their incidence between the Takasago tribe and the Japanese in Kagoshima. This study suggests that the difference in the prevalence of cervical OPLL exists between Japanese and Taiwanese. However, further epidemiological survey is needed to ascertain this point.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Serial immunologic and histopathologic studies in the treatment of necrotizing fasciitis with combined immunodeficiency by a bovine thymic extract (thymostimulin).

A 25-day-old Chinese female baby developed necrotizing fasciitis (NF) with indurated erythematous patches with superficial necrosis over two thirds of the back. Skin cultures of the lesions yielded Streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida species. The patient had lymphopenia with low T cells and T cell subsets. The lymphoproliferative response to mitogen and macrophage migration (MIF) production were also poor. Her lymphocytes were unable to produce IgG in vitro. Also, IgG bearing cells were not demonstrable. The initial lymph node biopsy demonstrated an absence of follicular formation and depletion of lymphocytes in both thymic-dependent and thymic-independent areas. Five weeks after bovine thymic extract (Thymostimulin) treatment, a second lymph node biopsy demonstrated germinal centers containing IgG bearing cells. Three weeks later, a third lymph node biopsy showed germinal centers with cuffs of lymphocytes. Differentiation of the cortex and medulla of the node was demonstrated. IgG was also detectable in an in vitro Ig synthesis study. The total T cells, T cell subsets, lymphoproliferative response MIF production also increased gradually after Thymostimulin treatment. This investigation demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of Thymostimulin in NF with underlying combined immuno-deficiency, both serious and frequently fetal diseases, by the histologic and immunologic reconstitution of T and B cell function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

Are there differences in the cell cycle of normal and malignant cells? An approach to the analysis of the clonal expansion of cells in malignant epithelial proliferations in situ.

The Williams-Bjerknes model for clonal expansion of transformed cells in epithelia was used to examine a series of related questions about the growth of in situ proliferations in epidermis. Bowens disease, actinic keratosis and lentigo maligna lesions were reconstructed on a three-dimensional basis, and all were found to behave differently: the evidence supported the proposal that the 'carcinogenic advantage' enjoyed by transformed cells was proliferative in nature, and indeed varied between the three lesions. We conclude that the clonal expansion of a single cell, with different proliferative carcinogenic advantage, can explain the three-dimensional appearances of these in situ proliferations; furthermore, the well-known 'multifocality' of in situ epidermal proliferations can also be explained by the clonal expansion of a single transformed cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The biological properties of black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) sperm and its cryopreservation.

This paper describes the general biology of the testes, milt and spermatozoa of the black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli and reports some preliminary results in which the techniques for cryopreservation of spermatozoa were investigated. During the spawning season from December to February, the gonadosomatic index ranged from 2.0 to 3.5. The milt had an average pH value of 7.4 and osmotic pressure of 385 mOsm/kg. The head of the spermatozoon was apple-shaped and averaged at 1.6 microns in diameter. The best quality of milt was obtained only in the early spawning season. Good motility of spermatozoa could be maintained for up to 10 days in vials hanging in a water bath at 4 degrees C. For cryopreservation, an extender containing 5% glucose mixed with glycerol, serving as the cryoprotective agent (CPA), at a 4:1 ratio was used and the black porgy milt was diluted with the extender at a 1:1 ratio. After an equilibration period no longer than 10 minutes, straws containing this mixture were submerged in isopropanol at -10 degrees C and then frozen at a rate of 2 degrees C/min until the temperature reached -80 degrees C or were held in liquid nitrogen (LN) vapor (-90 to -100 degrees C) for 10 to 20 minutes. A total 720 of 0.5 ml straws were stored in LN at -196 degrees C for long term preservation. Between 50 and 90% of the post-thawed sperm were motile. After being cryopreserved for 1, 7, 7 and 342 days, sperm showed fertilities of 99.0, 93.2, 91.9 and 91.5% respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Post-laryngectomy pharyngo-cutaneous fistulae.

A personal series of 66 total laryngectomy cases is presented with special reference to post-operative fistula formation. The incidence of fistulae was 7.4 per cent. We could not verify previous reports that any specific factors were significantly related to fistula formation and we feel that operative technique and the post-operative drainage of any fluid collection under the flaps, are the most important ways of reducing the complication of a fistula to a minimum.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Minute tubular forms in soil.

Large numbers of minute, flat, long, straight, but often broken structures were observed in aqueous extracts of soil. We have applied the purely descriptive term 'tubules' to these structure, because they apparently became flattened during preparation for electron-microscopic viewing. The tubules appeared to be composed of parallel fibers held together by protein. Most of the tubules fell within a ranged of 10 to 50 nm in width. Lengths (of broken pieces) ranged from 0.2 to 1 micron or more. A few unbroken ends were found. They were rounded. Tubular structures of similar dimensions were found surrounding lysed cells in sectioned preparations of bacteria that had been separated from soil. The tubules were present in surface soils but not a subsurface sample. Their numbers decreased during bacterial multiplication in soil or broth containing soil. No evidence was found of cleared areas or increase in number of tubules when the tubules were plated with a heterogeneous microbial flora from soil.

Bacteria↗