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Biomedical subjects

K Chida

Publications and source records attributed to K Chida.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of eosinophilic pneumonia, showing a positive environmental provocation test].

A 23-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of cough and fever. Coarse crackles were audible over her left chest. A chest X-ray obtained on May 5, 1989, showed consolidation in the left S10 and a nodule in the right S1. Clinical symptoms improved during the course of hospitalization. Neither antibody titers against mycoplasma and chlamydia nor viral titers were elevated in paired sera. BALF findings of the left B10 showed increased numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes. We diagnosed this case as eosinophilic pneumonia (EP). Environmental provocation testing was carried out in her home and yielded a positive result. After clearing of the house, she was able to return and has since experienced no relapses. We suspect that environmental conditions influence the pathogenesis of EP.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hyperphosphorylation of keratins by treatment with okadaic acid of BALB/MK-2 mouse keratinocytes.

Protein hyper- or hypophosphorylation induced by okadaic acid (OA) treatment was examined using quiescent cultures of the BALB/MK-2 mouse epidermal keratinocytes. Treatment with OA enhanced the phosphorylation of five proteins with molecular weights of 65,000, 55,000, 50,000, 28,000 and 15,000 (p65, p55, p50, p28, and p15, respectively) and decreased that of two proteins with molecular weights of 22,000 and 20,000 (p22 and p20, respectively). The two major phosphorylated proteins, p65 and p55, were identified as type II and type I keratins, respectively, by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation with keratin specific antibodies. Serine was the only phosphoamino acid residue in hydrolysates of the 32P-labeled keratins purified from OA-treated cells. Two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps of the phosphorylated keratins showed that the hyperphosphorylation was largely due to phosphorylation at several additional sites in both keratins. The hyperphosphorylation of keratins induced by OA treatment resulted in a drastic change in their solubility. This change closely correlated with reorganization of the keratin filament network, which finally collapsed into large perinuclear aggregates. Concomitantly the cells changed from a typical epithelial shape to a round shape. Of several protein kinase inhibitors tested, only staurosporine interfered with this OA-induced morphological change and reorganization of the keratin network.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Rapid phosphorylation of 28-kDa heat-shock protein by treatment with okadaic acid and phorbol ester of BALB/MK-2 mouse keratinocytes.

Protein phosphorylation by okadaic acid and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was examined using quiescent cultures of BALB/MK-2, a cell line derived from mouse epidermal keratinocytes. Treatment with okadaic acid caused rapid phosphorylation of five proteins with molecular masses of 65, 55, 50, 28 and 15 kDa (p65, p55, p50, p28, p15, respectively) while TPA caused rapid phosphorylation of five proteins with molecular masses of 80, 70, 40, 34 and 28 kDa (p80, p70, p40, p34, p28, respectively). In the present study, we examined p28, a common target protein of okadaic acid and TPA. The phosphorylation of p28 increased depending on time of exposure and doses of okadaic acid and TPA. Combined treatment with okadaic acid and TPA resulted in an additive effect. Its position on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis suggested that p28 is the 28-kDa heat-shock protein (HSP28). This possibility was confirmed by migration of p28 with HSP28 and comparative peptide mapping of the two proteins. The phosphoamino-acid residue of phosphorylated HSP28 was serine. In two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps, the same peptides were phosphorylated after treatment with both okadaic acid and TPA.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetics of flosequinan in elderly patients with chronic congestive heart failure.

We have investigated the pharmacokinetics of the direct vasodilator flosequinan in elderly patients with congestive heart failure. Eight patients received a single dose of 50 mg, and 8 patients received once-daily treatment with 25 mg for two weeks. In the single dose study, the tmax of flosequinan was 2.5 h, Cmax was 1.17 microgram.ml-1 and t1/2 was 5.63 h. The tmax of the metabolite BTS 53554 was 20.3 h, Cmax was 1.44 microgram.ml-1 and t1/2 was 62.0 h. BTS 53554 accumulated gradually in the 14-day repeated dose study and steady-state was reached after approximately 2 weeks. Flosequinan was not found to accumulate. Adverse reactions were not observed in either the single or repeated dose study. It is advisable to consider renal function and body weight when flosequinan is to be administered to elderly patients with congestive heart failure. The initial dose should be 25 mg.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A bronchofibroscopic analysis of the bronchial mucosa using a dye-scattering method for the detection of bronchial lesions.

A study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of a dye-scattering method for the analysis of bronchial lesions. After methylene blue was introduced through a cannula, the bronchial staining intensities seen by bronchofibroscopy were later compared with the histologic findings in 74 biopsied specimens of lesions taken from 20 patients with lung cancer and from 6 patients with bronchiectasis, 2 with a rheumatoid lung, and 2 with sarcoidosis. It was found that 86% (25 of 29) of the specimens that stained positively were malignant. Further, 4 specimens that manifested a false positive response to staining were either too small to be inspected histologically or showed necrosis. Of 27 specimens that were negative to staining, 89% (24 of 27) were revealed to be nonmalignant lesions. In this latter group the response of 3 specimens was false negative on histologic inspection, 2 showing cancer cells without surface infiltration. We thus conclude that this dye-scattering method is of great use in enabling the differentiation of nonmalignant mucosa from neoplastic lesions and the preoperative determination of the stage of a tumor.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1993

Dominantly inherited cytoplasmic body myopathy in a Japanese kindred.

An autosomal dominant progressive myopathy with diffuse cytoplasmic bodies (CBs) is described. In four successive generations, 12 patients suffered from weakness and atrophy of muscles in the distal extremities, neck, thorax and shoulder girdles. The mean age at onset was 42 years old, and the patients became disabled after 5 to 10 years due to chronic respiratory failure. The level of serum creatine kinase was normal or slightly elevated. An electromyogram showed a predominant myopathic change with a slight neurogenic change. Autopsy of 2 cases revealed numerous CBs in the skeletal muscles. Smooth and cardiac muscles were also affected. CBs were present predominantly in type I fibers in skeletal muscles. Males were more frequently affected than females (2:1). An electron microscopic examination showed dense central cores of myofilaments surrounded by radiating filaments. Characteristics of clinical course and histopathological findings in a new kindred are discussed in this rare disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical detection of alkaline phosphatase in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded rat liver.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in rat liver was detected by means of immunohistochemical techniques in ordinary histologic specimens which were fixed with formalin and embedded in paraffin. The specimens were incubated in anti-ALP antibody at room temperature for a longer time, 3hr, than ordinary incubation time. Antigen detection sensitivity and contrast of reaction product of the immunogold silver staining were superior to those of the peroxidase-labeled antibody method. In rat livers which were partially hepatectomized 24 hr before, the more abundant enzyme localized around enlarged bile canalicular spaces.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical detection of alkaline phosphatase in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded rat organs by means of avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method.

The author attempted the detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) protein in various rat organs, which were fixed with formalin and embedded in paraffin, by means of the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Reaction products were detected after a usual incubation time of 30 min at room temperature in anti-ALP antibody. Positive reactions were observed in the kidney and liver but not in the small intestine, and this indicates that the antibody used in the present study reacts only with the tissue-nonspecific type of ALP.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

[An elderly case of supernormal conduction in the posterior division of the left bundle branch].

An electrophysiologic study was performed in a 95-year-old man with bifascicular block (right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock). During sinus rhythm (AA interval = 980 ms), every sinus beat was conducted to the ventricle. The AH interval was 130 ms and HV interval was 50 ms. A programmed premature atrial stimulation was performed after 8 paced beats at a slightly shorter cycle length than the sinus cycle length (900 ms). As the atrial coupling interval was shortened, the H1H2 interval also shortened. At an H1H2 interval of 680 ms the premature atrial beat was blocked distal to the recording site of the His potential. The block persisted up to an H1H2 interval of 560 ms. AV conduction resumed paradoxically when the H1H2 interval was further shortened to intervals lasting 540-490 ms. During this period the H2V2 interval was 50 ms. At still shorter H1H2 intervals, H2 was again blocked. The H2V2 intervals during this phase of improved conduction were unchanged compared with those of other conducted beats. Therefore normalization due to the gap phenomenon could be ruled out, and the improved conduction could be explained by a phenomenon of supernormal conduction in the posterior division of left bundle branch.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Long-term follow-up study after permanent pacemaker implantation in patients aged 60 years or over with sick sinus syndrome].

Ninety-five patients aged 60 years or over with a permanent pacemaker implanted for sick sinus syndrome were divided into two groups: 32 patients with physiological pacing (group P) and 63 patients with ventricular pacing (group V). The mean follow-up period was 45.0 +/- 36.6 months in group P and 50.3 +/- 37.8 months in group V. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Af) occurred in 28% of group P and 71% of group V (p < 0.05). The incidence of stable Af was also lower in group P than in group V (9% vs. 30%, p < 0.05). None of group P with only bradyarrhythmia had stable Af. However, 6 of 21 patients (29%) in group V with bradyarrhythmia showed stable Af. There was no significant difference in stable Af between group P with bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome (BTS) and group V with BTS (19% vs. 31%). A lower incidence of embolic events was also observed in group P (3% vs. 25%, p < 0.05). Nine of 16 patients with embolic events in group V died of complications following embolism (8 patients; cerebral embolism, one patients: renal and superior mesenteric arterial embolism). The survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 80% and 69%, respectively, for group P and 56% and 33% for group V (p < 0.01). Thus, with regard to permanent pacing for patients with sick sinus syndrome, physiological pacing should be selected for control of morbidity and total mortality.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A study of interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease--comparison with the data of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

To clarify the pathogenesis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), we compared the data of interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with collagen vascular disease (CVD) with those of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These disorders are found to have similar clinical, radiographic, and morphological findings, and lung function. However, the in vitro behavior of fibroblasts from CVD-IP and IPF, and the detection of soluble ICAM-1 were different. Further, in the T cell receptor repertoire, the predominance of different genes was found in bronchoalveolar lavage cells from CVD and IPF. These differences could partly explain the variability of IP pattern seen in CVD. In summary, our results indicate the possibility that CVD-IF and IPF result from different mechanisms although they share the same spectrum of pulmonary changes.

Collagen Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[Acute exacerbation following bronchoalveolar lavage in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

We report two cases of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) with acute deterioration after bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Case 1 was a 54-year-old woman, and case 2 was a 75-year-old man. Both were diagnosed as having IIP, and hospitalized with complaints of high fever and dyspnea. After BAL, the degree of dyspnea increased. White blood cell count and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated, and PaO2 was decreased. Chest X-ray revealed consolidation of the upper lung fields and reticulo-granular shadows spreading through both lungs. BAL fluid examination showed an elevated neutrophil fraction (case 1: 6.5%, case 2: 35.2%), suggesting respiratory tract infection although bacteria could not be detected. Case 1 died of respiratory failure despite corticosteroid therapy. Autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage with focal pneumonia in the right S6 corresponding to the upper lobe consolidation. Case 2 improved after antibiotic therapy. These findings suggest that aspiration of infected fluid during BAL can cause acute exacerbation of IIP. It is important to recognize that the BAL procedure can induce an acute exacerbation of IIP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Amlexanox has an acute bronchodilator effect in patients with aspirin-induced asthma (AIA)].

Recently, we have reported that a nebulized solution of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) (Intal), a well known antiallergic agent, has an acute bronchodilator effect in patients with aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). Amlexanox is an antiallergic agent, with a structure similar to that of SCG. Therefore, we investigated the acute bronchodilator effect of amlexanox administered orally to adult asthmatics, focusing on a comparison between AIA and non-AIA patients. Fifteen patients participated, 8 having AIA and 7 non-AIA. After performing spirometry during remission, they were administered either amlexanox or placebo using a randomized double-blind protocol. Spirometry was then performed at 30, 60, 90 min, 2 h, and 3 h after administration. The placebo used was lactose. In the AIA group, FEV1 was significantly improved after administration of amlexanox. However, FEV1 was significantly decreased after placebo administration. On the other hand, in the non-AIA group, FEV1 was not changed after administration of either of the drugs. From these results, we conclude that amlexanox has an acute bronchodilator effect only in AIA patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of sarcoidosis presenting as pulmonary nodules associated with pleural indentation fifteen years after onset].

A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of pulmonary nodules, about 3 cm in diameter in the right upper lobe accompanied by pleural indentation, and 5 mm in diameter in the left middle lung field, revealed by chest X-ray. She had no clinical signs or symptoms except achalasia-like discomfort swallowing. Results of physical examinations were within normal limits. A specimen obtained from the nodule in right S2 by transbronchial biopsy showed noncaseating epithelioid granuloma containing asteroid bodies, and negative staining for acid-fast bacilli. No malignant cells were found in the specimen. Bacteriological examination of a bronchial lavage specimen was negative for pyogenic bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi. A PPD skin test was negative. BALF revealed an increase of lymphocytes and elevation of CD4/CD8 ratio. Fifteen years previously, the patient had been diagnosed as having sarcoidosis by scalene node biopsy, and had been treated with steroid therapy. Pulmonary nodules associated with pleural indentation in sarcoidosis is relatively rare, and is usually due to malignancy such as lung cancer. This possibility was ruled out clinically in the present case. Therefore, it was concluded that the pulmonary nodules in this case were due to the sarcoidosis itself.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1993

Predominant expression of nPKC eta, a Ca(2+)-independent isoform of protein kinase C in epithelial tissues, in association with epithelial differentiation.

Of the nine known members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family, we found that novel (n-) PKC eta, a newly isolated Ca(2+)-independent isoform, was expressed at the highest level in the epidermis of mouse skin and epithelia of the digestive and respiratory tracts including the tongue, esophagus, forestomach, glandular stomach, intestine, colon, trachea, and bronchus. Expression of nPKC eta mRNA in these epithelial tissues was 3-10 times that in the brain and was especially high in squamous epithelium. Two other PKC isoforms, conventional (c-) PKC alpha and nPKC delta, were also expressed in these epithelial tissues, but no cPKC gamma was detected. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated the localization of nPKC eta in suprabasal layers of the skin, tongue, esophagus, and forestomach. In the intestine, it was expressed in the epithelial cells of villi, but not of crypts. In the lung, only bronchial epithelium expressed nPKC eta. The localization of nPKC eta in differentiating or differentiated epithelial cells, rather than in proliferating basal cells, suggests the involvement of nPKC eta in epithelial differentiation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[A case of streptomycin-induced lupus].

A case of streptomycin-induced lupus occurring in a 48-year-old female is presented. She was admitted to our hospital in July 1990, complaining of productive cough and general fatigue. A chest roentgenogram showed cavitary lesions and infiltrative shadows in the bilateral upper and middle lung fields and a sputum smear tested positive for acid-fast bacilli. She was diagnosed as lung tuberculosis and antituberculous therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin was started. Ten days after starting the treatment, she began to complain of high fever and erythema on her face and forearms. Blood cell count revealed leucopenia. The antinuclear antibody and antihistone antibody were positive. The improvement of clinical findings and the lowering of antinuclear antibody titer seen after stopping streptomycin confirmed the diagnosis as streptomycin-induced lupus. Streptomycin-induced lupus is very rare.

Female↗