PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Chopra

Publications and source records attributed to K Chopra.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Decrease of myocardial infarct size with desferrioxamine: possible role of oxygen free radicals in its ameliorative effect.

The ability of an iron chelator, desferrioxamine, to inhibit the infarct size in in vivo rat heart was assessed. Anaesthetised rats were subjected to coronary artery ligation (CAL) for 72 hr and infarct size was measured macroscopically using TTC staining. Systolic blood pressure and ECG were monitored. Desferrioxamine (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg i.v.) administered half an hour after CAL markedly reduced the infarct size. However, drug treatment did not alter the systolic blood pressure of animals. In addition, desferrioxamine in vitro and in vivo demonstrated an inhibition of rat PMN-evoked and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. The capacity of desferrioxamine to impair the generation or to scavenge directly oxygen free radicals may be responsible for its beneficial effect on myocardial infarct size in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Raised stool and serum IgA levels in undernourished infants with chronic diarrhoea and associated parasitic infestations.

Sixty children with chronic diarrhoea, age ranging from 9 months to 3 years and 15 normal healthy children of same age group, all belonging to the low socio-economic families formed the basis of this study. Fifty-six out of these 60 children were undernourished and were marasmic. Stool examination showed enteropathogenic E. coli in 24 (40 per cent), Ascaria lumbricoides in 12 (20 per cent) and Giardia lamblia in 6 (10 per cent). Coeliac disease was detected in 2 (3 per cent) and combined IgA-IgG deficiencies were found in one case (2 per cent). No cause could be found in 15 (25 per cent) cases. Multiple aetiological factors were found in 7 (12 per cent) cases. Stool IgA levels were significantly elevated in the patients than in the controls and more so in the patients with giardiasis and also in patients with coeliac disease. Serum IgA levels were remarkably raised in the patients with diarrhoea due to enteropathogenic E. coli, indicating probable spilling of gut-associated IgA into the circulation. No IgA was detected in the stool of a dysgammaglobulimic patient, who had both serum IgA and IgG deficiencies.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Use of human colostrum in the management of chronic infantile diarrhoea due to enteropathogenic E. coli infection with associated intestinal parasite infestations and undernutrition.

This study reports the management of infants with chronic diarrhoea by colostrum feeding. Eight children with chronic diarrhoea, ranging from 9 months to 3 years of age and all from low socio-economic families, formed the basis of this study. They were undernourished and marasmic. Stool examination showed enteropathogenic E. coli in all eight cases, Ascaris lambricoidis in four, and Giardia lamblia in one. Patients with chronic diarrhoea, in whom no cause was found were excluded from this study. All eight patients were administered 20 ml fresh human colostrum daily for 7 days. In addition, those patients, who had giardiasis, received metronidazole treatment, while cases with ascariasis were given antihelminthic therapy irrespective of the groups they belonged to. Our results indicated effective antidiarrhoea action of colostrum in some patients with chronic diarrhoea of infective origin.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1990

The dopaminergic actions of B-HT 920.

B-HT 920 (2-amino-6-allyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-thiazolo-[4,5-d]-azepine), an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist has been reported to modulate dopamine (DA) receptor activity. Earlier studies speculated the DA autoreceptor action of B-HT 920. However, some recent studies have indicated that the stimulatory effects of B-HT 920 are sensitive to blockade by sulpiride and haloperidol, suggesting a postsynaptic D2-dopamine receptor action. The article briefly reviews the current concepts about DAergic actions of B-HT 920.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Antibody response of infants in tropics to five doses of oral polio vaccine.

Sixty-two infants 1-12 months of age were administered five doses of trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV) at intervals of 4 weeks. The seroconversion achieved were 88.7, 93.5 and 96.5 per cent for type I, II, and III polioviruses. These seroconversion rates are significantly better when compared to seroconversion achieved after two and three doses of trivalent oral polio vaccine. Factors which were considered in previous studies to be responsible for low seroconversion rates viz. interference by enteroviruses, breast feeding, malnutrition, and age were found to be insignificant when five doses of oral polio vaccine were given. It is possible that these effects were overcome by increasing the number of doses of trivalent oral polio vaccine.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1989

Typhoid fever. Unusual hepatic manifestations.

Four cases of typhoid fever with unusual hepatic manifestations are described. Two cases had hepatitis and two had hepatic abscess. These complications are documented for the first time in the pediatric age group. Awareness of these rare manifestations may be helpful in avoiding unnecessary morbidity and mortality.

Child↗
PubMed1985

A rare case of variable immune deficiency with type II dysgammaglobulinaemia, light chain defect, gut associated IgA deficiency and progressive neutropenia.

This report describes in detail an unusual variant of a common variable immunodeficiency disease in a seven-year-old boy. The unique features were progressive neutropenia due to defective myelopoiesis, serum IgG and IgA deficiencies, defective immunoglobulin light-chain synthesis, absence of secretory IgA and IgM gammopathy. He had been born healthy, but following a thermal injury at the age of 1 1/2 years, he suffered recurrent attacks of sinopulmonary and urinary tract infections, enteritis due to enteropathogenic E. coli, Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica, developed pulmonary tuberculosis and died of deep mycotic infection of the oral cavity and obstruction of the bronchial tree. The cause of the defective myelopoiesis could not be determined, but it might have been due to prolonged sulphomamide therapy administered for controlling his persistent urinary tract infection due to paraphymosis.

Agranulocytosis↗