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K Chou

Publications and source records attributed to K Chou.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effects of isoacids, urea, and sulfur on ruminal fermentation in sheep fed high fiber diets.

The effects of isoacids, urea N, and S on ruminal fermentation of sugarcane bagasse- or corn stover-based diets were studied in sheep. Acetate production was taken as a measure of the fermentation rate. For the sugarcane bagasse diet, neither urea nor S supplementation changed ruminal acetate production. When N and S were combined, acetate production was 44% higher (3.16 vs. 2.18 mol/d). Similar effects were noted for the corn stover diet. Increasing the level of isoacids from .1 to .2 g/kg BW per d in the diet did not change acetate production for either diet. However, N supplementation of the sugarcane bagasse diet containing the low level of isoacids resulted in a 49% greater acetate production (2.86 vs. 1.91 mol/d). Acetate production was 90% higher (3.74 vs. 1.97 mol/d) when the diet containing the high level of isoacids was supplemented with N. The corresponding increases for corn stover were 12% (2.64 to 2.95 mol/d) and 35% (2.88 to 3.87 mol/d). The results suggest that NH3 N provided by the basal diet was more limiting than isoacids. Once the N deficiency was corrected, isoacids became limiting. Ruminal digestion of high fiber diets low in N was improved by supplementation with urea, isoacids, and S.

Acetates↗
PubMed1989

The membrane potential changes polarity during capacitation of murine epididymal sperm.

The membrane potential in murine epididymal sperm was determined with a voltage-sensitive, fluorescent probe. In freshly collected sperm, the potential was inside-negative, viz., -13 mV, and was associated with an intracellular K+ concentration of about 122 mM. Following incubation of sperm in a medium capable of sustaining capacitation and fertilization efficacy, the potential became gradually positive. An inside-positive potential, +24 mV, was obtained after 40 min of incubation, concomitant with an intracellular K+ concentration of approximately 30 mM. At this time, about 70 percent of sperm had capacitated. An inside-positive membrane potential may play a role in facilitating the acrosome reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Adenomatous polyps of the prostatic urethra. A report of four cases].

A benign prostatic urethral polyp is considered as an unusual lesion of the urethra. It attracts the patient or doctor's attention only when hematuria or hemospermia is noted. From August 1987 to June 1988, the authors found four cases of posterior urethral polyps in the Taitung Branch of Mackay Memorial Hospital. Hematuria was found in all of the 4 patients and hemospermia was found in one. Three patients presented gross hematuria, and one microscopic hematuria. Of the four, two had suprapubic soreness; one had perineal discomfort; and only one manifested no symptoms at all. All of the patients underwent a cystoscopic biopsy, and their specimens were stained and studied by the immunoperoxidase method. All of the specimens were PSA positive, and presented a picture of adenomatous polyp. Only one patient received transurethral electrocoagulation because of continued hematuria and perineal discomfort that persisted even after a two week medical course that appeared to be more effective to the previous one. In conclusion, the authors believe that more of such lesions will be discovered when more attention is paid to the posterior urethra; when adenomatous polyps are suspected in patients who have the above symptoms; and when polyps are considered as a possibility in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of cupric and sulfate ion effects on chronic selenosis in rats.

The ameliorating effects of Cu++ and SO4--ions on concurrent selenite toxicity were compared in two factorial experiments using 60 weanling rats each. In the first experiment, 0, 500 and 1,000 mg Cu (as CuCl2)/kg diet were fed in conjunction with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg Se (as Na2SeO3)/kg diet. In the second experiment, the treatments were 0, 500 and 1,000 mg SO4 (as Na2SO4)/kg fed in conjunction with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg Se/kg diet. A paired-feeding experiment using 10, 15 and 20 mg Se/kg diet was also conducted with 28 rats to compare the influence of inanition in control and selenite-fed rats. Cupric++ ion, but not SO4--ion, prevented mortality among selenite-intoxicated rats. There were significant Cu X Se interaction effects on feed intake, daily gain, packed cell volume (PCV), serum Cu and Fe, sperm counts, and weights of liver, kidney and testis. There were main effects of Cu and Se on serum Se and liver Cu. In Exp. 2 there were significant SO4 X Se interaction effects on feed intake, daily gain, serum Cu and testis weight. There were main effects of Se on PCV, sperm count, serum testosterone, liver Se, liver Cu and the absolute weights of liver and kidney. The only main effect of SO4 was that of increased liver Cu concentrations. Among the pair-fed rats, the selenite-fed rats, with one exception, died before their paired rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical results and pharmacokinetics of 6059-S in the field of pediatrics (author's transl)].

6059-S, a new injectable oxacephem antibiotic, has been investigated to give following results. 1. Clinical results Twenty patients were administrated intravenously 20 approximately 124 mg/kg/day of 6059-S for 2 approximately 14 days. Clinical effect was excellent in 5 cases, good in 7, fair in 3, poor in 1, unknown in 3 and except in 1, and efficacy rate was 75%. Side effect was observed only 1 case of discomfort and chill of hand and foot immediately after intravenous injection and no adverse value in laboratory findings was seen. 2. Pharmacokinetics Blood level and urinary excretion of 6059-S single administration were measured in 4 patients with normal renal function and a patient with renal failure. Half life was 1.27 approximately 1.76 hours in 4 patients with normal function and 4.33 hours in a patient with renal failure. Urinary excretion was 43.4 approximately 50.9% up to 4 hours in 2 patients with normal renal function, and it was delayed to 1.0% up to 12.5 hours in a patient with renal failure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical results of cefuroxime (CXM) (author's transl)].

I. Pharmacokinetics (1) CXM 24.4 and 31.9 mg/kg were administered by intravenous drip infusion for 4 hours. The plateau levels were obtained at 1 approximately 2 hours, the blood levels at which time were 25.6 and 33.8 micrograms/ml respectively with dose response observed. (2) The respective half-lives were as short as 49.4 and 36.2 minutes. (3) The total clearances were 74.6 and 127.2 ml/min respectively; when calculated on plateau level and infusion rate, these were 81.6 and 111.0 ml/min. These differently determined values were near each other. (4) The respective renal clearances were 157.8 and 101.9 ml/min. II. Clinical results CXM for intravenous use was administered to 21 pediatric patients, and the clinical results were good and excellent in 19 (90.5%). Excluding 2 cases with elevation of cold hemagglutination values, the efficacy rate of 94.7% (18/19 cases) was achieved. The doses administered ranged 44 approximately 100 mg/kg body weight, and this dosage level was considered enough to achieve clinical effect. With the current clinical trial we considered that although the effectiveness of this drug was proved in 3 approximately 7 day intravenous drip infusion and intravenous injection, the continued treatment with other oral antibiotic following CXM treatment would be necessary from the patients' general conditions and laboratory examination findings. No noteworthy side effects were observed in any of the patients. No abnormality was seen in biochemistry and electrolyte findings, either.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of gestational and lactational exposure to Aroclor 1242 on sperm quality and in vitro fertility in early adult and middle-aged mice.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of gestational and lactational exposure to Aroclor 1242 (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg-bw) on male fertility. Doses were administered to C57BL6 female mice orally every two days from two weeks before mating, during mating, and through gestation until postnatal day 21. Male B6D2F1 offspring were examined for anogenital distance, organ development, epididymal sperm count, sperm motility, and in vitro fertility at 16 and 45 weeks of age. Stomach samples of pups nursing from PCB-treated mothers in the 50 mg/kg dose group were analyzed for PCBs and chlorobiphenylols by high resolution gas chromatography coupled with low resolution mass spectrometry. It was estimated that the nursing pups were exposed to 0.2, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/kg/day total PCBs in the 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg dose groups, respectively. This exposure level approaches the maximum FDA recommended levels for PCBs in food and breast milk. The composition of the PCBs in the stomach samples was different from the parent mixture, as there was a higher proportion of heavily chlorinated congeners, as well as chlorobiphenylols. Anogenital distance at weaning, and liver, thymus, and testes weight at 16 and 45 weeks of age were not affected by PCB exposure. Epididymal sperm velocity and linearity were significantly increased in the 25 mg/kg dose group at 16 weeks of age. Sperm count was increased by 36% in this dose group (P = 0.06). By 45 weeks of age, average sperm count in this dose group was similar to that of controls. With the exception of the 50 mg/kg dose group at 16 weeks of age, sperm fertilizing ability in vitro was significantly decreased in all PCB-exposed groups at 16 and 45 weeks of age. These results suggest that fertility in the adult mouse is susceptible to developmental exposure to Aroclor 1242 and is independent of testis weight or epididymal sperm count.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗