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Biomedical subjects

K Crist

Publications and source records attributed to K Crist.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Placement of prompts, length of task, and level of retardation in learning complex assembly tasks.

Vocational rehabilitation clients were divided into two retardation groups (mildly and moderately mentally retarded). Each subject was taught four different assembly tasks (lawn mower engine, bicycle brake, carburetor, and drill), each utilizing one of four different teaching methods (short task--preresponse prompting, long task--preresponse prompting, short task--error-correction prompting, and long task--error-correction prompting). Modeling of correct selection and placement of parts was used either before the subject's response or after an error had been made. Preresponse prompts yielded fewer errors than did error-correction prompts in training trials. Training by error-correction, however, was better than preresponse prompting for producing fewer errors on test (probe) trials for the moderately retarded subjects. Mildly retarded subjects performed equally well in both prompting conditions on test trials. Prompting conditions and level of retardation did not interact with length of the tasks. Results were discussed in terms of modification of the three-term contingency and covert-stimulus comparison.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Degrees of specificity in task analysis.

The effects of training identical tasks using three different degrees of task-analysis specificity (long, 28 steps; medium, 14 steps; and short, 7 steps) were assessed. Mildly, moderately, and severely mentally retarded vocational rehabilitation clients were taught to assemble three apparatuses (lawn mower engine, electric drill, carburetor) in a counterbalanced design. The short task analysis resulted in most errors in training, but training time did not differ. A Level of Retardation X Treatment interaction indicated that although all subjects made more errors during training with the short task analysis, severely retarded subjects made the most errors in that condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Operations training in vocational skills.

Whether operations training reduces time and errors in the acquisition of specific vocational tasks was investigated. An operation is a particular response class that occurs in the presence of a consistent stimulus. Subjects were mentally retarded vocational-rehabilitation clients in a sheltered workshop. Each subject was trained in either mechanical operations (ABC) or wood operations (DEF) and subsequently trained in two tasks involving ABC and two tasks involving DEF operations. Significant time and error savings occurred in task training when subjects had previously been trained on the generic operations involved in those tasks. Results suggest that component operations to facilitate lateral and vertical transfer to a variety of more specific job skills should be taught in vocational-training programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Theoretical model of ruminant adipose tissue metabolism in relation to the whole animal.

Based on theoretical considerations and experimental data, estimates of contributions of adipose tissue to energy expenditures in a lactating cow and a growing steer were developed. The estimates indicate that adipose energy expenditures range between 5 and 10% of total animal heat production dependent on productive function and diet. These energy expenditures can be partitioned among maintenance (3%), lipogenesis (1-5%) and lipolysis and triglyceride resynthesis (less thatn 1.0%). Specific sites at which acute and chronic effectors can act to produce changes in adipose function, and changes in adipose function produced by diet and during pregnancy, lactation and aging were discussed with emphasis being placed on the need for additional, definitive studies of specific interactions among pregnancy, diet, age, lactation and growth in producing ruminants.

Adipose Tissue↗