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Biomedical subjects

K D Faulkner

Publications and source records attributed to K D Faulkner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The prevalence of craniomandibular disorders in completely edentulous denture-wearing subjects.

A total of 201 completely edentulous subjects taken consecutively from the waiting list of the Royal Dental Hospital of Melbourne were examined. Data were obtained from the dental history and anamnestic and clinical examinations. Analysis revealed that parafunctional habits were prevalent among complete denture wearers, and that elderly complete denture wearers potentially present more signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders than do younger subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Aetiological factors of craniomandibular disorders in completely edentulous denture-wearing patients.

A total of 201 completely edentulous patients awaiting treatment for new complete dentures at the Royal Dental Hospital of Melbourne were examined for signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders, and a history was taken regarding their dentures. Statistical analysis by means of Student's t-test showed that the only reliable indicator of craniomandibular disorder was the patient's sex, i.e. female subjects tend to show more symptoms of craniomandibular disorders than male subjects. When regression and multiple regression analyses were applied, it was found that subjects with a history of fewer sets of complete dentures worn appeared to be correlated with an increase in the number of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders. However, this correlation had a weak predictive power, although it was significant enough to indicate that such a relationship could exist in the general population.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

The range of functional mandibular movement in bruxists. 4. Discussion and conclusions.

A study of some kinesiological characteristics of the mandible of non-bruxist and bruxist subjects was carried out using a closed circuit television point movement tracking system. The use of incandescent light bulbs attached to the incisor teeth of the maxilla and mandible as the point movement source allowed records to be made without head restraint of the subjects examined. Records were stored on magnetic tape. Mandibular movement was studied using the vertical, lateral and anteroposterior components of movement. Two components of movement were combined electronically for all three combinations of the components and the signals produced were used to prepare envelopes of motion graphically, on an X-Y recorder, in the coronal, sagittal and horizontal planes. Qualitative analysis of envelopes of motion in three planes mutually at right angles proved useful in providing information which demonstrated trends to minor differences between non-bruxist and bruxist subjects. However, variations of patterns of movement occurred frequently enough in each test of each group to negate any possibility at present of using these techniques in the development of diagnostic procedures.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1990

Further studies of some masticatory characteristics of bruxism.

Quantitative analysis of a time dependent factor of jaw movement has shown there to be a significant difference in the muscle physiology of non-bruxist and bruxist subjects. Because bruxism can be difficult to detect in some patients, these results indicate that further development of the technique of jaw movement analysis might be useful as a diagnostic tool. They also point to the value of further study into the possible detection of 'potential' bruxists, thus allowing the development of a preventive aspect of bruxism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Further studies of mandibular movement at initial tooth contact.

By measurement of movement of the mandible immediately after tooth contact during tooth tapping tasks, it has been shown that patterns of direction are less regular in bruxist subjects than in non-bruxist individuals. The qualitative differences in these patterns are more apparent than the quantitative ones in both cessation and commencement of movement.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1990

Bruxism: a review of the literature. Part II.

A review of the literature on bruxism--a condition which has been clinically recognized since the late nineteenth century--is presented. It will be seen that there is not complete agreement on the definition of this activity, and its aetiology and treatment remain controversial.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1990

Bruxism: a review of the literature. Part I.

A review of the literature on bruxism--a condition which has been clinically recognized since the late nineteenth century--is presented. It will be seen that there is not complete agreement on the definition of this activity, and its aetiology and treatment remain controversial.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1989

Preliminary studies of some masticatory characteristics of bruxism.

The masticatory cycles of bruxist subjects were studied using a closed-circuit television movement detector. These cycles were compared with those of non-bruxist subjects. Early results indicate a shorter stationary period between masticatory cycles in all components of movement in bruxist subjects than in non-bruxist subjects. Also, in some bruxists, the envelopes of motion showed quite irregularly shaped patterns, with sudden changes in direction, while others showed a loss of the classical tear-drop pattern.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1989

Preliminary studies of mandibular movement at initial tooth contact.

Mandibular movement that occurred after initial tooth contact in a rhythmical tooth-tapping task was investigated using a closed-circuit television movement detector. Tooth contact was monitored by the placement of a small microphone on the subjects' foreheads. Movement was traced on ultraviolet-sensitive chart and a statistical method of analysis was developed to determine movement patterns at the commencement and cessation of each cycle. Results showed that a regular pattern of movement could be observed as a cycle of movement commenced, but that this was not so apparent on cessation.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1989

A method of recording condylar movements and joint sounds.

A commercial tracking system has been adapted within the University of Melbourne, which is designed to track the movement of infra-red light emitting diodes (LEDs). The movement of the diodes was recorded by photosensimetric recording devices, and sent to a data recorder, then to a differential amplifier, and the signal stored on magnetic tape, or viewed on a cathode ray oscilloscope, or plotted on a chart plotter or an X-Y plotter. The equipment was used to track the movement of LEDs, which were secured to a lower arch face bow, which was in turn secured to the teeth via a universal joint, and an acrylic clutch. A method was established in a preliminary study, enabling recording of condylar movements in the sagittal plane, and results were presented for four subjects. Subsequently, condylar movements and joint sounds were recorded concurrently for two of these four subjects.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1989

Sex determination by reference to dental plaster casts of young adults.

Dental plaster casts of young Caucasians were examined by dentists with the objective of determining the sex of the subjects from whom they were taken. The first hypothesis tested was that dentists cannot distinguish the sexes, and second, that dentists cannot distinguish between the sexes from such an examination. The results of both tests were consistent with chance findings. However, half of the casts were perceived by 75 percent of dentists as being of a specific sex, which suggested that dentists shared some unfounded prejudices. It is concluded that dentists cannot differentiate sex by inspection alone of the general form and presentation of shape and size of dentate arches.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mandibular movement in lateral excursions.

Mandibular movement during lateral articulatory movements was studied in young subjects with no apparent dental disease or malocclusion. A closed circuit television movement detector was used. Signals of each vector of movement were combined in pairs to provide envelopes of movement in three planes, mutually at right angles. Symmetry of movement was not as common as expected and sudden small changes in direction were frequently observed. Maximum displacement in each vector of movement was not always coincident. It is postulated that treatment factors, such as simple restoration of teeth, are initiating factors which cause variation in mandibular movement from the normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

An analysis of tooth position on initial tooth contact.

A closed circuit television movement detector was used to study mandibular movement in the form of tooth tapping, in subjects with no apparent dental disease or malocclusion. The velocity and form of various phases of movement was studied, in the transverse, sagittal and coronal planes, from measurements made on u.v. charts and X-Y recordings. It was shown that closing movements were more direct and faster than opening movements; that initial contact on closing is in a well-defined contact area, followed by a sliding of cusps over each other to a final centric position and that the closing path of the mandible in tapping movements is in the form of a smooth curve showing simple axis rotation through distances normally greater than those accepted clinically. It was also shown that microphone signals can be detected at times other than when normally expected, indicating displacement with tooth contact, at times other than at the fully intercuspated position.

Dental Occlusion, Centric↗