Acute haemodynamic effects of urapidil and nifedipine in hypertensive urgencies and emergencies.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K D Grosser.
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Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) was used in 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, after four hours of drug treatment. In all instances the abnormal haemodynamic state had been demonstrated. Four patients were successfully treated and finally discharged home. In two with post-infarction ventricular septal defect and cardiogenic shock, IABP also successfully reversed the shock state, while in seven the shock state was reversed but they died 2-8 days after IABP had been stopped. IABP failed in seven patients who died during its application. In those in whom IABP failed there had been no significant fall in pulmonary-artery pressure and no significant increase in stroke volume. The post-mortem examinations demonstrated that cardiogenic shock was irreversible where more than 50% of the left ventricular myocardium had been infarcted.
A case is reported of a 34 year old woman, who was hospitalized because of cardiopulmonary shock of sudden unsuspected onset. X-ray examination revealed diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltration. Intra-aortal counter-pulsation did improve the condition only for short time. On autopsy an adenocarcinoma of the stomach was found, as well as diffuse carcinomatous infiltration of pulmonary lymph and arterial vessels. Thus lymphangiosis carcinomatosa has to be taken into consideration in discussing the differential diagnosis of diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltration in young patients. The presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia may help to establish the diagnosis.
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Normal and accessory A-V conduction were analyzed by His bundle recordings in a 49-year-old patient with WPW-syndrome type A. An open foramen ovale permitted registration of left atrial potentials as well as left atrial pacing. The effects of the pacemaker site (left or right atrial pacing) on the electrocardiographic variability of pre-excitation were studied. The effective refractory period of the accessory A-V conduction was shown to be dependent on the site of pacing. Recordings of right and left atrial potentials during runs of supraventricular tachycardia demonstrated that V-A conduction occurred via the accessory pathway.
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