Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K D Kostenbader.
Poliovirus 1, with and without radioactive label, has been used to evaluate membrane filters for several purposes in virology. Filters of several polymers will pass virus and retain larger particles. Cellulose nitrate can adsorb virus for concentration purposes. Polycarbonate does not adsorb virus and is well suited to particle sizing.
The procedure described permits comparison of polyelectrolytes for their ability to flocculate food solids and thus enable filtration for recovery of food-borne viruses.
Two enteroviruses were inactivated more rapidly in a lake than in sterile lake water; then their coat proteins were degraded and, perhaps, used by microorganisms.
A set of simple, rapid filtration methods has been developed for recovering enteroviruses from foods. The methods employ quite inexpensive equipment, and the resulting extract might be concentrated in any of several ways. Three model enteroviruses were apparently recovered with at least 80% efficiency when inoculated, at levels ranging from thousands to one plaque-forming unit per 20-g sample, into eleven foods representing six major food groups.
A simple and rapid method for recovering enteroviruses from oysters is described. A polycation sewage flocculant promoted cohesion of oyster solids and thereby aided separation of these from the viruses. Recovery of 80 to 100% of experimentally inoculated virus was achieved, and the suspension or extract obtained could be inoculated directly into tissue cultures or concentrated first for greater sensitivity.