[Differentiation between Staphylococcus and Micrococcus genera in the routine laboratory diagnosis using the lysostaphin sensitivity test].
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Bacteriological Techniques↗
Biomedical subjects
K Dünnhaupt
Publications and source records attributed to K Dünnhaupt.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the German Democratic Republic. Incidence and strain-characteristics.
In GDR methicillin-resistance strains of S. Aureus only occur in connection with nosocomial infections with a comparably low incidence (about 2%). They are not found in outpatients. For the detection of MRSA the test on nutrient medium L4 with addition of 5% NaCl has proved successful. All of the MRSA exhibit a rather unique pattern of strain-characteristics; they are nontypable by the basic-set-phages and show a reaction with the experimental phage A 994. The MRSA are multiple drug-resistant (generally penicillins, cephalosporins, isoxyzolylpenicillins, oxytetracycline, minocycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, lincomycin and additionally chloramphenicol and gentamycin, kanamycin, tobramycin). The genetical characterization and the plasmid-pattern analysis has shown that only resistance to chloramphenicol and in one case also to macrolides are determined by plasmids (MW 2.0 and 1.8 Megadalton). The determinants for the other resistance-characters are obviously located on the chromosome. Altogether these data indicate that the MRSA described are derivatives of a single-strain-clone.
Cross Infection↗
Occurrence of a nonplasmid-located determinant for gentamicin resistance in strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
The occurrence of resistance to gentamicin in strains of Staphylococcus aureus with different phage patterns in two hospitals is described. The data suggest transfer of gentamicin resistance between different strains. In the strains investigated the determinant for resistance to gentamicin (parallel resistance to kanamycin and tobramycin) is located on the chromosome. The transfer of this resistance determinant in a mixed culture of donor and recipient cells in vitro is mediated by transduction because it is dependent upon lysogenicity of the donor for a serogroup-B phage and because it can be inhibited by gamma-globulin. The transfer is always associated with lysogenization of the recipient cells by this phage.
Bacteriophage Typing↗
[Mercury resistance of Staphylococcus aureus--a characteristic for recognition of epidemic virulent hospital strains].
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Cross Infection↗
Multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with resistance to oxytetracycline and minocycline, an example for the distribution of a multiresistant strain-clone.
Multiresistant S. aureus-strains with chromosomally localized determinant for resistance to oxytetracycline-minocycline (tmn) exhibit uniform characteristics, obviously they have been spread as a clone. These strains harbour two plasmids: one with MW of 18 MD for beta-lactamase and determinants for resistance to mercury and to cadmium and one with MW of 2 MD for resistance to chloramphenicol. Beside the tmn-determinant, also the determinants for resistance to macrolides and to gentamicin are not located on plasmids. The tmn-determinant is specific for defined hospital strains reacting with group-III phages; it was not found in other strains of different origin.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗