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Biomedical subjects

K Deutscher

Publications and source records attributed to K Deutscher.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Critical evaluation of methods for determination of body fat content in children: back to basic parameters?

Considering the increasing prevalence of obesity among children and of obesity related disorders in the pediatric population, the reliable evaluation of body fat content in children is of critical importance in research and clinical medicine. In this study, we assessed the congruency of different estimates for body fat content in prepubertal children. We determined anthropometric parameters, such as BMI and skinfold thickness, and bioelectrical impedance in 676 prepubertal Caucasian children. We calculated body fat percentage (BF%) from these parameters applying 5 distinct algorithms and established raw centiles for these models. Expectedly, girls had significantly higher BF% regardless of the method applied. There were, however, significant variances in the calculated amount of BF% between the algorithms, with BIA based equations giving highest BF%, while skinfold based equations tended to provide lower BF% values. Direct comparison of the algorithms revealed a high degree of inconsistency and poor agreement in the assessment of body fat with variations of >10% BF%. Great differences in basic parameters, such as DeltaBMI (3.2 kg/m (2)) or Deltaskinfolds (1.75-fold), would be needed to reliably predict correct ranking of 10% difference in body fat with 95% probability. In summary, BF% strongly varies depending on both the method as well as the algorithm used. This questions the applicability of such field methods for the assessment of BF% for comparative analyses and the superiority of information over basic parameters such as BMI.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Obesity and blood pressure--results from the examination of 2365 schoolchildren in Germany.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between different indices of body fat and blood pressure in children and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study along with regular public health service examinations in school classes two, five and nine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2365 healthy schoolchildren aged 8-16 y. MEASUREMENTS: Body mass index (BMI), skinfolds, waist-hip ratio, body fat determined by bioelectric impedance analysis and blood pressure. RESULTS: In comparison with recently published normative data, a significant increase of obesity was found. There is a higher prevalence of obesity in children with lower education. A positive association between body fat and hypertension was observed in children aged above 10 y. The BMI had the strongest association with blood pressure among the indices of body fat considered here. CONCLUSION: Obesity is an increasing problem even among schoolchildren. This observation should be treated seriously as the relationship of body fat to cardiovascular risk is detectable already at a young age. Attention should be paid to the dependence of obesity on the level of education. The analysis suggests that BMI should be the preferred index to assess body fat. International Journal of Obesity (2003) 27, 1459-1464. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802462

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1981

Glass-ceramic coated implants. A simple model for a loaded hip prosthesis with a bioactive interface.

The favorable histological results at the bone-implant-interface of glass ceramic material are well-known. The mechanical properties of the solid material limit it's application for implants. Therefore metallic hip implants had been coated by glass ceramic granules, by a special technique, to transfer the bioactive property of the glass ceramic on to the metal stem. The following loaded experiments in rabbits with a simple model of a hip endoprosthesis showed a direct and tight bonding between implant surface and surrounding new bone formation. These findings demonstrate a possibility to anchor a joint endoprosthesis without the use of bone cement.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Tissue reactions to bioactive bone cement].

In the field of bone surgery, bone cement has gained a considerable importance for the fixation of osteosynthesis material. This paper deals with the investigation of a new bone cement which is mixed with bioactive glass ceramic. In comparison to the conventional bone cement, all data pertaining to the material are improved, and histological examinations reveal an osseous connection to the superficially located glass ceramic particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Bioactive glass ceramics in the surgery of the nasal septum and paranasal sinuses (author's transl)].

In 38 rabbits defects of the bridge of the nose or the nasal septum were reconstructed by means of glass ceramic implants. Over a 15 months follow-up period no inflammatory reaction was observed. The mucoperichondrium remains unchanged over the implant and mucosa defects up to one square centimeter close over it. A bone lamina inserts between the mucoperichondrium and the implant surface near bone structures. New bone formations were found on glass ceramic implants that were placed into the subperichondral space of the rabbits' ears and on those implants that were covered by autologeous periost and situated in the thigh muscles of the animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Study on the use of glass ceramics in osteo-odonto-keratoplasty].

Report of preparatory investigations about the usefulness of 'glass ceramics' in keratoplasty in a modification of Strampelli's method: Under the available implantation materials, glass ceramics seem to be the best as they join strongly to the bone and to interstitial tissues. As glass ceramics are suitable to keratoplasty, the necessity of loosing a tooth in osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis after Strampelli can be avoided. Other advantages are standardization of the whole procedure, shortening of operation time and extension of indications for the operation. Based on our results, further investigations with longer implantation times, especially in eyes, are being performed at another place.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1978

[Coating of metal implants with the bioactive glass ceramics Ceravital].

The bioactive glass ceramic Ceravital forms a physicochemical bonding with bone which is capable of withstanding stress caused by tension. This glass ceramic may already be put to clinical use as replacement for minor osseous parts. However, physical data are limited for maximum stress withstanding or gracile whole ceramic implants. In this study, metal cylinders from an alloy of CoCrMo are initially coated with a bio-compatible adhesive layer of enamel, approximately 0,2 to 0,3 mm thick. The adhesive strength of this kind of enamel amounts to about 120 to 140 kp/cm2. After the enamelling process, the glass ceramic is pressed into the enamel in granules at a particle size of 100 to 200 micrometer. As the first results show, this new process is suitable for the combination of metal implant stability and tissue compatibility of glass ceramic.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Osteo-keramo-keratoprosthesis (author's transl)].

A high percentage of plastic keratoprosthesis is rejected again or intraocular infections occur because there is a cleft-like open junction between anterior chamber and lacrimal film. Only the ketratoprosthesis by Strampelli (1970) settles firmly in the cornea without the above risks, because the autogenous transplanted bone unites well with the grafted labial mucosa. 5 years of investigation have confirmed that glass ceramic Ceravital unites firmly with bones (Blencke et al. 1973, Strunz et al. 1977c, Bunte et al. 1977). For the osteo-keramo-keratoprosthesis Ceravital is used the same location as Dentin for the osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis. The new surgical method has the advantage that 1. toothless patients can be operated, 2. the anterior chamber cannot flatten because the ceramic disk has the same shape as the corneal surface, and 3. broader optical cylinders can be used, by which a widening of the visual field is achieved.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Jaw-enlargement with glass ceramics in the animal experiment].

The use of alloplastic material in the reconstruction of the defective or atrophic mandible appears obvious as the difficulties and risks of bone or cartilage transplants are well known. It appears that all the materials used up to now were demarcated by the bone as foreign bodies so that one could only observe strong union without a connective tissue line of separation with glass ceramics. In experimental operations in the pig, box shaped osteotomies were cut into the lower jaw and glass ceramic bodies were fixed into the clefts. Clinical and histological examinations proved the bone acceptance. It appears that these bio-active glass ceramics are particularly suited as bone replacement.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative studies on the adhesiveness to the bone of various implantation materials].

After earlier experiments showed that bone became adherent to glass ceramic, the maximum mechanical stress on the bone-ceramic interface, as compared with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and aluminium oxide ceramic, was investigated for shearing force and tension. Whereas the PMMA and aluminium oxide ceramic test objects which had been inclosed in the connective tissue were very easily pushed out without measurable pressure, the average fracture load for 15 smooth glass ceramic objects was 466 p/mm2 in the pushed out test and 167 p/mm2 in the tension test.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and molecular genetic findings in four girls with Rett syndrome].

We report on four mental retarded girls with typical clinical signs of Rett syndrome. Rett syndrome is an X-linked neurodevelopment disorder which develops after a period of normal development at the age of 6 to 18 months, affecting 1/10 000 - 15 000 girls. Recently, the MeCP2-gene encoding the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 has been shown to be mutated in 80 percent of girls with Rett Syndrome, studied so far. In our patients with Rett syndrome two common mutations of the MeCP2-gene, R168X (n=2) and T158M were found. In the 4th patient a novel "missense" mutation R294G was identified.

Child↗