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Biomedical subjects

K Dirnagl

Publications and source records attributed to K Dirnagl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Experiences and considerations from 50-year pursuit of ozone effects on man].

High average ozone concentrations near ground are typical of places with efficient air exchange to higher atmospheric layers, e.g. health resorts with favorable climate and little anthropogenic air contamination. Warning about harmful effects of ozone may be misleading unless its role as a natural component of the air is considered. Distinguishing between "clean air ozone" in contrast to "smog ozone" is helpful for an understanding of the problem. For lack of quantitative surveys, tolerance limits for ozone had to be set without regard for interactions with other harmful air constituents and for adaptation effects.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

[Contamination of human skin by radionuclides].

Insight into the mechanisms of contamination is a necessary prerequisite for efficient and meaningful decontamination. The incorporation of anorganic ions into human skin has been studied with aqueous solutions of radionuclides. Within 30 min of wetting about 1 microliter fluid per cm2 skin area penetrates into the capillary spaces of the horny layer, promoted by surface-active properties of the sebaceous lipids. Adsorption onto horny layer constituents is especially important for polyvalent cations. In general it is dependent on pH and on the ionic charge. For all substances in aqueous solution the structure of the horny layer causes a nearly exponential decay of concentration with depth of penetration (about 100:1 across the horny layer at 1 mg keratin/cm2 skin area). This is the reason for the very low penetration rates. The results may be used to establish some rules for skin decontamination.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative tracer examination about the deposition of inhaled aerosols (author's transl)].

The topical distribution of inhaled aerosols produced by customary jet nebulizers has been measured scintigraphically. Corrections for absorption and stray effects with experimentally determined factors allowed to evaluate the quantities of deposited aerosol for the head, chest and abdominal regions. Highest aerosol intakes were found with slow inhalation through the mouth. The deposition decreased at higher respiration rates with a further diminution when inhalation takes place through the nose. The individuals had characteristic patterns of aerosol distribution resulting in more pronounced deposition differences than those caused by the mode of inhalation.

Aerosols↗