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Biomedical subjects

K E Dunkelgod

Publications and source records attributed to K E Dunkelgod.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Incidence of Salmonella contamination in broiler chickens in Saskatchewan.

The incidence of Salmonella contamination in ten Saskatchewan broiler flocks varying in size from 6 200 to 14 000 was investigated from February, 1977 to April, 1979. Prior to the initial chick placement, brooding equipment, feed, water and fresh litter samples were found to be free of Salmonellae. Samples obtained from the clean and disinfected processing plant equipment before the commencement of daily operation were negative except the isolation for Salmonella anatum from the fingers of the defeathering machine in flock 4. There was no evidence of Salmonella contamination in flocks 5, 6, 8 and 10. The incidence of Salmonella was lower when cloacal swabs were taken from day old chicks fasted for 48 hours than for the same groups of chicks when carcasses were blended in nutrient broth (flocks 7 and 9). The blending of such chicks appears to be a more critical test. The serotypes isolated from eviscerated birds were the same as those isolated from used litter samples. Salmonella saintpaul was isolated from a water sample at 53 days in flock 1 and the same serotype was recovered from the intestinal contents and skin of eviscerated birds. Salmonella typhimurium was recovered from the eviscerated birds and neck samples in flock 3. In flock 4, S. saintpaul and S. anatum were isolated from 13% of the eviscerated birds sampled. Salmonella thompson, Salmonella agona and Salmonella heidelberg were recovered from 61%, 5% and 1%, respectively, of the processed carcasses sampled in flock 7.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1982

Free amino acids in the plasma of poults used as an indicator of possible limiting amino acids in presently available protein sources.

Free amino acids in the plasma of poults were used to determine limiting amino acids in turkey starter diets that incorporated each of four protein sources (pea protein concentrate, dehulled soybean meal, herring fish meal, and poultry residue meal) in comparison with a control diet that contained fish meal and soybean meal. The control diet has been consistent in producing maximum growth with lower free amino acid levels in the blood plasma of poults in our laboratory. The diet that contained pea protein concentrate plus added methionine produced significantly lower plasma levels of methionine, arginine, proline, threonine, leucine, and taurine than the control values. The addition of threonine to the methionine supplemental pea protein concentrate significantly reduced the free isoleucine and leucine in the plasma. Soybean meal with methionine failed to produce a weight gain equal to the control diet, supplementing lysine improved growth rate, and threonine was the next limiting amino acid. The poults fed the herring fish meal basal diet with no amino acid supplementation produced a growth rate equivalent to the control birds. Free methionine was significantly lower, which indicated less available methionine in the fish meal. Supplementation of 26% poultry residue meal with methionine and lysine improved growth rate. Further addition of histidine or histidine and tyrosine resulted in no further improvement in growth rate. The free amino acids in the plasma would indicate that methionine, lysine, histidine, leucine, and isoleucine were limiting in the poultry residue meal studied.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Influence of dietary protein concentration and frequency of diet changes on rate of growth, efficiency of food utilisation and carcass quality of Large White turkeys.

1. In two experiments, diets in which the protein concentration was adjusted at differing intervals were fed to Large White turkeys for 22 or 24 weeks for males or 16 weeks for females. Four dietary protein concentration regimes were provided within each feeding plan. 2. The frequency of changes in dietary protein concentration had little influence on the rate of growth of turkeys receiving adequate dietary protein. However, lower dietary protein sufficed to maintain the maximum growth rate when the diets were changed less frequently. 3. The frequency of diet changes did not influence the efficiency of food or energy utilisation, but frequent dietary adjustments promoted efficiency of protein utilisation. 4. Higher dietary protein intake tended to increase carcass fleshing as assessed visually, without apparent effect on carcass finish. 5. Of two strains of turkeys studied, the more rapidly growing strain was less efficient in conversion of food and its constituent energy and protein into live body weight, but deposited carcass fat (finish) at an earlier age.

Animals↗