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Biomedical subjects

K E James

Publications and source records attributed to K E James.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Hypnotic efficacy of diphenhydramine, methapyrilene, and pentobarbital.

The antihistamines diphenhydramine and methapyrilene were compared with pentobarbital for hypnotic effect in two Veterans Administration Hospital populations using subjective-response methods. In the first part of the study, 60 mg and 180 mg of pentobarbital were compared with 50 mg and 150 mg of diphenhydramine. A positive dose-response relationship was obtained only for pentobarbital; neither dose of diphenhydramine was significantly different from 60 mg of pentobarbital for any response variable. In the second part of the study, 100 mg of pentobarbital, 50 mg of diphenhydramine, and 50 mg of diphenhydramine, and 50 mg of methapyrilene were compared with placebo. One hundred mg of pentobarbital and 50 mg of diphenhydramine were significantly different from placebo, but 50 mg of methapyrilene was not.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined routes of administration to assay oral analgesia in postoperative pain.

To increase the sensitivity of the method for evaluating oral analgesics in postoperative patients, we designed a combined oral/parenteral bioassay. Drugs studied were parenteral morphine, parenteral propiram, and oral codeine at two dose levels each and oral propiram at four dose levels. Results from data on 308 patients suggest that future studies designed to establish the relative potencies of oral analgesics should use parenteral morphine as the standard in a combined oral/parenteral study because this approach provides a very sensitive measure of analgesia. Further, with one drug as the reference compound, results from many sources would be more readily compared.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bladder washing cytology. Comparison of two analytic methods and two proposed quantitative criteria for carcinoma in situ.

OBJECTIVE: To compare bladder washing cytology preparations created by the Nucleopore filter and slide centrifuge techniques and to evaluate a marker for carcinoma in situ (CIS). STUDY DESIGN: Nucleopore filter and slide centrifuge preparations from 27 patients with urothelial carcinoma were compared and used to create two criteria for CIS. To study reproducibility, three observers evaluated 25 filter preparations for these CIS criteria. RESULTS: The filter technique displayed more better-preserved single cancer cells (P = .02) and a higher percent group count (the number of cancer cell groups divided by the sum of the number of single cancer cells plus the number of cancer cell groups) (P = .005) than did the cytocentrifuge technique. The initial study showed that patients with many single tumor cells and lower percent group counts were more likely to have CIS than patients without this combined condition (P = .001). This CIS marker had moderate reproducibility (kappa = 0.47 +/- 0.12). CONCLUSION: The filter technique had better cellular recovery and preservation of tumor cells than did the centrifuge technique. Quantitative cytologic criteria proposed in this study may be an indication that CIS may be present; improved sensitivity and specificity may be obtained if they are combined with other criteria.

Aged↗