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Biomedical subjects

K E Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to K E Larsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Percutaneous transluminal treatment of an iliac pseudoaneurysm with endoprosthesis implantation. A case report.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of a covered stent in the treatment of an iliac pseudoaneurysm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During PTCA, a 61-year-old man with angina pectoris was shown to have an asymptomatic pseudoaneurysm, 5 x 4 x 4 cm, of the left common iliac artery (CIA). The patient was not a candidate for surgery. The pseudoaneurysm was treated by insertion of a covered stent (8 mm/6 cm). RESULTS: By 30 s after stent placement, the pseudoaneurysm was angiographically excluded. Twelve and 17 months after stent implantation, the patient had no symptoms from the lower extremities and the left CIA was open with normal flow in the stent. CONCLUSION: Our case illustrates the ability of a covered stent to exclude a pseudoaneurysm. Percutaneous intravascular stent placement in the management of iliac pseudoaneurysms might be the treatment of choice in patients with increased risk of major anesthesia and surgery.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1994

Activity and activation of the complement system in patients being operated on for cancer of the colon.

OBJECTIVE: To find out if there was any local activation of complement in the vicinity of a colonic cancer, and any fluctuation in the function of the complement system during operation. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: One university and two district hospitals in Denmark. SUBJECTS: 29 selected patients undergoing emergency and elective operations for colonic cancer. INTERVENTIONS: Measurements of systemic and local complement fixation capacity and complement activation in samples of serum or plasma taken before, during, and after operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in complement fixation capacity and complement activation during operation. RESULTS: Haemodilution during operation caused a significant reduction in the complement fixation capacity of serum and in the activation of the complement system as measured by generation of C3c. We were unable to confirm the presence of complement inhibitors during operation. Haemodilution caused a 30% reduction in fixation capacity of C3b (12/29 samples of serum had values more than 2SD below the mean of the reference range compared with 4/29 before operation). The activity of C4 was reduced by 25% during operation and the capacity of the complement system to fix C3b and C4b was restored to baseline nine days postoperatively. Concentration of C3d was significantly higher in serum from tumour venous blood compared with that from peripheral blood during operation. CONCLUSION: The presence of complement activation products in the general circulation reflects local activation of the complement system in the vicinity of the tumour, but this may have been influenced by tissue necrosis or subclinical infection. Haemodilution causes a significant reduction in the capacity of the complement system during operation, whereas inhibitory factors associated with the cancer or operation and anaesthesia could not be demonstrated. We found no correlation between complement activity and clinical data.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

EDTA treatment of intermittent claudication--a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

A double-blind, randomized multicentre study was undertaken to evaluate the possible effect of chelation treatment with ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in patients with severe intermittent claudication. A total of 153 patients received 20 intravenous infusions of either 3 g Na2EDTA or placebo during a period of 5-9 weeks. Vitamin, mineral and trace element supplements were administered orally. The changes observed in the pain-free and maximal walking distances, measured on a treadmill, were similar in the two groups. During the 3-month (n = 149) and 6-month (n = 123) follow-up period, no long-term therapeutic effect of EDTA could be demonstrated. The ankle-brachial blood pressure index remained unchanged throughout the study period. This study failed to demonstrate any effect of EDTA chelation treatment in intermittent claudication.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Bacteriological autopsy. I. A methodological study.

The two aims of this investigation were: 1. To compare a swab culture technique with an imprint method in bacteriological autopsy. 2. To examine the influence of body manipulation on culture. Specimens were taken from the lungs and the spleen in 42 autopsies. For imprint a piece of sterile blotting paper was used. Point 1. Good qualitative agreement was found between the two methods. Print cultures enabled a quantitation at low numbers of bacteria. However, in most cases when growth was present the colonies were confluent, which did not allow counting. The lung cultures were 67%/69% positive (swab/print). For the spleen, the positive rate was 21%/42% (swab/print). In the cases representing the difference, only a few colonies grew on the print plates. Culture by means of a swab was found to give the same information as culture by imprint. Swabs are easier to handle but should be processed within a couple of hours. Point 2. In ten autopsies, cultures were taken with organs in situ after the organ block was removed and after an ordinary autopsy had been performed. A scoring system was used to compare the results. There was a clear correlation between positive cultures and manipulation of the organs. The specimens should be taken with the organs in situ.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1991

Bacteriological autopsy. II. Comparison of a group of cancer patients with a control group.

A study of the results of bacteriological autopsy in a group of cancer patients compared with a control group was carried out. Autopsy was performed on 42 bodies within 24 hours of death. Thirty-two patients had died with a cancer and the remaining ten had died of cardiovascular disease. Tissue for microscopy and material and culture were taken from the same sites. The results of the inoculations were semiquantified, resulting in a culture score, and the results of the microscopy were classified according to presence of bacteria and kind of inflammation. Furthermore, grading was done according to the degree of inflammation and whether bacteria were seen at microscopy. The culture scores were significantly higher in the cancer group than in the control group. We found a significant correlation between score and presence of acute inflammation. Likewise, a significant correlation was found between score and presence of bacteria at microscopy. As a difference between the cancer group and the control group was seen, further research on bacteriological autopsy seems worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac pathology after isolated valve replacement for aortic stenosis in relation to preoperative patient status. Early and late autopsy findings.

Autopsy was performed on 51 (65%) of 79 patients who underwent valve replacement for aortic stenosis in 1965-1973 and died 0 days to 14 years (mean 3.2 years) later. Heart weight index (HWI) at autopsy averaged 356 +/- 94 g/m2 and left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) 19 +/- 4 mm. Macroscopic scattered streaky fibrosis (SSF) of the left ventricle was absent in 10% of the cases, slight in 31% and moderate/severe in 59%. Circumscript fibrotic scars were found in 31% and moderate/severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in 33%. All hearts were enlarged (HWI greater than 200 g/m2), primarily due to residual left ventricular hypertrophy (LVWT greater than 14 mm), which was present in 86% of cases. Both SSF and circumscript scars were unrelated to CAD. The preoperative predictability of autopsy findings was studied with multiple regression analyses. Predictive factors were as follows. For high HWI: high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, short operation-autopsy time (O-A time) and high ECG hypertrophy score (ECG-hyp). For high LWT value: high cardiothoracic index (CTI), high transvalvular peak-systolic gradient and NYHA class II-III (vs. class IV). For moderate/severe SSF: high CTI and left ventricular failure. For moderate/severe CAD: short O-A time, narrow pulse pressure and low ECG-hyp. Although separated by valve replacement and a time span of up to 14 years, cardiac pathology at autopsy and preoperative patient/heart status were closely interrelated, thus emphasizing the significance of preoperatively impaired cardiac functional status and its relation to irreversible myocardial damage. The results advocate early operative intervention in aortic stenosis.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1987

Inoperable oesophageal and cardia cancer. Benefits from Celestin intubation.

During a 12-year period, 77 consecutive patients with unresectable malignant stricture of the oesophagus or cardia were treated with a Celestin tube for relief of dysphagia of varying degree. Pull-through technique and gastrotomy were used for insertion of the tube in 72 patients, and endoscopy in five. One-third of the patients benefited from the operation, i.e. experienced good palliation and no serious complications. The mortality rate was 27%. The authors conclude that all patients with difficulty in swallowing saliva should be intubated, as good palliation was achieved in all such patients. When there is dysphagia for liquid food, insertion of a Celestin tube may be considered, but intubation should not be done when dysphagia is confined to solid foods.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

S-100 protein in malignant mesotheliomas.

Recently, the presence of S-100 protein has been described in a few tissues that are not of neuro-ectodermal origin. Here we report the presence of S-100 protein in epithelial and biphasic malignant mesotheliomas and one of seven reactively proliferating mesothelial lesions. Sarcomatous malignant mesotheliomas, six of seven reactive mesothelial lesions and normal mesothelium were without S-100 protein. The presence of S-100 protein in mesothelial cells may indicate intense proliferation.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Laparoscopic sterilization with the Falope-ring. Peroperative and late complications, method safety and a randomized investigation of immediate postoperative abdominal pain.

Following 189 laparoscopic sterilizations with the Falope-ring, 33 cases of peroperative complications were registered. Laparotomy was required in one case. Sterilization undertaken in connection with termination of pregnancy was not associated with more peroperative complications than sterilization performed during an interval phase. In a randomized trial comprising 100 women it was not possible to demonstrate that application of lidocaine to the tube reduced the incidence of immediate postoperative abdominal pain which occurred in 18% of the women in the control group. A follow-up investigation of 91 women revealed change in bleeding pattern in 32% and low abdominal pain de novo in 40%. The frequencies of changes in bleeding pattern and of low abdominal pain were greater in women who had previously employed oral contraception than in women who had not done so. A questionnaire investigation comprising 169 women revealed that 38% had developed one or more of the following symptoms: hot flushes, tendency to depression and irritability, and tachycardia. Alterations in libido were found in 26%. 2% regretted the sterilization. One pregnancy occurred in 172 sterilized women after an average observation period of 13 months.

Abdomen↗