Biomedical subjects

K E Lasch

Publications and source records attributed to K E Lasch.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

The relation of family violence, employment status, welfare benefits, and alcohol drinking in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the contribution of employment status, welfare benefits, alcohol use, and other individual and contextual factors to physical aggression during marital conflict. METHODS: Logistic regression models were used to analyze panel data collected in the National Survey of Families and Households in 1987 and 1992. A total of 4,780 married or cohabiting persons reinterviewed in 1992 were included in the analysis. Domestic violence was defined as reporting that both partners were physically violent during arguments. RESULTS: Unemployed respondents are not at greater risk of family violence than employed respondents, after alcohol misuse, income, education, age, and other factors are controlled for; however, employed persons receiving welfare benefits are at significantly higher risk. Alcohol misuse, which remains a predictor of violence even after other factors are controlled for, increases the risk of family violence, and satisfaction with social support from family and friends is associated with its decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol misuse has an important effect on domestic violence, and the potential impact of welfare reform on domestic violence needs to be monitored.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Family violence, employment status, welfare benefits, and alcohol drinking in the United States: what is the relation?

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the contribution of employment status, welfare benefits, alcohol use, and other individual, and contextual factors to physical aggression during marital conflict. METHODS: Logistic regression models were used to analyse panel data collected in the National Survey of Families and Households in 1987 and 1992. A total of 4780 married or cohabiting persons re-interviewed in 1992 were included in the analysis. Domestic violence was defined as reporting that both partners were physically violent during arguments. RESULTS: It was found that non-employed respondents are not at greater risk of family violence in comparison with employed respondents, after controlling for alcohol misuse, income, education, age, and other factors; however, employed persons receiving welfare benefits are at significantly higher risk. Alcohol misuse, which remains a predictor of violence even after controlling for other factors, increases the risk of family violence while satisfaction with social support from family and friends decreases it. CONCLUSION: These results underscore the important effect of alcohol misuse on domestic violence, and the need to monitor the potential impact of welfare reform on domestic violence.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Using focus group methods to develop multicultural cancer pain education materials.

Methods to treat cancer pain effectively have existed for more than 2 decades. However, the effective treatment of cancer pain continues to elude many patients with cancer who suffer from poor management. Although efforts to address the problem of cancer pain in the United States have acknowledged the importance of patient education and advocacy, few endeavors, to date, have attended to the special needs of inner-city, low-literacy, or socioeconomically disadvantaged patients from minority cultural groups. From 1992 to 1995, the Boston Cancer Pain Education Program, funded by the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society, worked collaboratively with community representatives using focus group methods to develop a culturally sensitive, linguistically appropriate cancer pain education booklet in 11 languages and for 11 ethnic groups. The booklet serves as a guide for patients and families and is to be used as a teaching tool by clinicians. The focus group approach was used to develop materials that would empower patients and families to more effectively participate in pain management when working with health care providers from cultures other than their own. Qualitative data analysis methods were used to analyze transcripts of taped focus group sessions. Themes emerged from the data regarding pain and its culturally competent management as well as the group process of booklet development.

Boston↗

PubMed2000

Culture, pain, and culturally sensitive pain care.

One of the factors that can influence a person's perception of the pain experience is culture. With the large increase in the immigrant population in the United States, particularly immigrants coming from nontraditional regions such as Southeast Asia and Latin America, clinicians need to develop increased sensitivity to the influence of culture on health care beliefs and practices. To more effectively manage pain, clinicians need to conduct culturally sensitive pain assessments that elicit information concerning patients' and family members' beliefs about the pain experience. In addition, the patient's and family members' cultural beliefs and approaches toward traditional healing practices need to be incorporated into the pain management plan.

Communication Barriers↗

PubMed2000

Is hands-on experience more effective than didactic workshops in postgraduate cancer pain education?

BACKGROUND: This study examined the nurse outcomes of a cancer pain education program for nurses of patients from 11 different ethnic groups. METHODS: Four hundred ninety six home, hospital, and hospice nurses participated in a one-day workshop or two half-day workshops on cancer pain assessment and management. Of these, 116 were randomized to participate in a bedside-precepted visit with an oncology nurse specialist with pain specialization and a focus group to discuss attitudinal issues. Eighty-six nurses served as controls. Pre-, post- and one-year follow-up tests were administered. RESULTS: Attitudes, knowledge, and application skills significantly improved for workshop-only and enriched-model nurses relative to controls. CONCLUSION: For postgraduate nurses, daylong cancer pain education workshops were, in the group studied, as effective as hands-on experience in improving cancer pain knowledge and changing attitudes. Both the workshop-only and the enriched-model nurses relative to controls had significantly improved knowledge and changed attitudes towards optimal pain management.

Adult↗