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Biomedical subjects

K E Pugh

Publications and source records attributed to K E Pugh.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Observations on Cysticercus bovis in slaughter cattle in the Matabeleland province of Zimbabwe.

Cysticercus bovis was detected at meat inspection in 2.16 per cent of 102,087 carcases of cattle from Matabeleland Province, slaughtered in Bulawayo during a period of 11 months. Lightly infested (detained) carcases accounted for 95 per cent of those with cysticercosis. The head was the only site affected in 58.4 per cent of the detained carcases, the shoulder in 20.1 per cent and the heart in 7.9 per cent. In more heavily infested (condemned) carcases 81.1 per cent had at least three sites affected. The incidence of cysts was highest in older male animals but in younger animals it was highest in cows. In the detained carcases an average of 1.5 cysts were found, of which 76 per cent were live and 24 per cent dead. Condemned carcases had more than 58 cysts on average, of which 98 per cent were live and 2 per cent dead. Live cysts were more common in older cattle and dead cysts were more common in younger animals. The incidence of C bovis in carcases of cattle originating from communal areas was 3.2 per cent compared with 1.6 per cent in those originating from commercial farms.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1981

Efficacy of a new oxytetracycline aerosol against foot rot in sheep.

A test was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a new oxytetracycline aerosol in the treatment of foot rot in sheep. Of 186 sheep, 66 were treated with the test preparation, 61 were treated with an existing oxytetracycline aerosol and 50 acted as unmedicated controls. All affected feet in the three groups were first paired and then, for the two treatment groups, a single application of antibiotic aerosol was given. There was little difference in response between the two treated groups, but the improvement in both these groups was significantly greater than in the control group. The test was also applied to 60 cases of scald. One application of either the test product or its comparable antibiotic aerosol was effective in the treatment of scald.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1981

Prevention of post weaning mastitis in ewes.

The efficacy of a dry cow cerate in protecting the dry ewe against mastitis was tested in three flocks. Of 931 ewes, 462 were infused, shortly after their lambs were weaned, with a dry cow cerate containing 1 g procaine penicillin and 0.5 g dihydrostreptomycin sulphate. The remaining 469 served as untreated controls. At tupping, when the sheep were examined for clinical evidence of mastitis, 21 cases (4.5 per cent) were recorded among the controls but only seven (1.5 per cent) among the treated ewes. There was variation in the distribution of cases between individual flocks but overall the incidence of mastitis in the treated sheep was lower and significantly different from that among the control ewes.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Dry cow therapy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of miloxicam in the horse.

The novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) miloxicam was administered intravenously to six New Forest ponies at a dosage rate of 0.6 mg/kg in a two-part cross-over study. In each part, three horses received miloxicam and three were given a placebo preparation. The actions of miloxicam, compared to placebo, were assessed in a carrageenan-sponge model of acute inflammation. The rise in skin temperature over the site of the acute inflammatory reaction was less in treated ponies, but differences were not statistically significant. Concentrations of the enzymes acid phosphatase (AP) and lysozyme in inflammatory exudates harvested at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h were not significantly different in drug-treated animals compared with those receiving placebo. Concentrations of protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in exudate and exudate leucocyte numbers were significantly reduced in drug-treated horses when data for all sampling times were pooled. The differences were not significant, however, at each sampling time. Exudate concentrations of the eicosanoids, bicyclic-PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2, were reduced significantly by miloxicam at most sampling times, and serum TXB2 was also significantly reduced at 4 and 8 h but not at 12 and 24 h after drug administration. These pharmacodynamic findings correlated with the pharmacokinetic properties of miloxicam. The plasma concentration-time curve was defined by a three-compartment open model in one pony and by a two-compartment model in five ponies. Mean values for pharmacokinetic parameters for the five ponies were: t1/2 alpha 0.40 h; t1/2 beta 2.70 h; Vd area 0.158 l/kg; ClB 41.87 ml/kg/h. Exudate concentrations of miloxicam were initially similar to and eventually greater than concentrations in plasma, and this may explain the more prolonged inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis in exudate than in serum. These findings demonstrate the value of relating, in a single experimental study, drug action on a range of variables to drug fate in the body.

Animals↗