Available oxygen in pre-term babies.
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Anemia, Neonatal↗
Biomedical subjects
K E Veale
Publications and source records attributed to K E Veale.
'Available oxygen', a realistic expression of the ability of the blood to supply oxygen to tissues.
An expression of clinical applicability is sought for quantitating the availability of oxygen to the tissue from the blood. An 'available oxygen' is defined as the arteriovenous oxygen content difference when the mixed venous oxygen tension is assumed to be 20 mmHg. The acceptance of this latter assumption is argued on mathematical and functional grounds.
Anemia, Neonatal↗
Oxygen availability from the blood and the effect of phosphate replacement on erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and haemoglobin-oxygen affinity in diabetic ketoacidosis.
Eleven patients with diabetic ketoacidosis were given intravenous phosphate in doses (mean 118 mmol; range 83--320 mmol) adequate to maintain normal plasma phosphate, in addition to a standard treatment regime. Prevention of hypophosphataemia stimulated recovery of the initially low red-cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations (10.6 +/- 5.8 (SD) mumol/g Hb) after twenty-four hours. In ten control patients (initial concentration 8.1 +/- 4.4 mumol/g Hb) treated without phosphate replacement, significantly lower red-cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations were found between 2 and 6 days after admission (forty-eight hour value for control patients 14.6 +/- 1.6 and for phosphate-treated patients 18.9 +/- 4.1 mumol/g Hb; p less than 0.01). However, no effect on in vivo p 50 or on the availability of oxygen from the blood resulted from the higher 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels. Maintenance of normal plasma phosphate levels by intravenous phosphate is, therefore, not indicated to improve tissue oxygenation in diabetic ketoacidosis.
Adolescent↗
Nonphysiological anaemia of prematurity.
Clinical and haematological findings at the nadir of the refractory, early anaemia of prematurity were compared in a study of 95 preterm infants. 53% of 30 babies less than 32 weeks' gestational age at birth had abnormal clinical features resulting from anaemia at its nadir, with a combination of tachycardia, tachypnoea, dyspnoea and feeding difficulties, diminished activity, and pallor. The expression 'available oxygen', derived from the Hb concentration and Hb-O2 affinity, correlated more closely with clinical features of anaemia that did the Hb concentration alone. A formula is presented that predicts the 'available oxygen', provided the Hb concentration and post-conceptual age are known; this avoids the need for direct measurement of Hb-O2 affinity. Clinical anaemia is common in preterm infants with Hb concentrations of up to 10.5 g/dl, consequent on the high O2 affinity of fetal Hb. This is the first description of any common clinical consequence of high Hb-O2 affinity.
Age Factors↗
Ventilatory capacity in healthy Neplasese [proceedings].
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Adolescent↗