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Biomedical subjects

K Egami

Publications and source records attributed to K Egami.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A study of the sequelae of posterior urethral valves.

We discuss the drainage procedures prior to valve ablation and the long-term sequelae in the upper urinary tract of 135 boys with posterior urethral valves. Cutaneous ureterostomy in infants, which had been used previously, now has been replaced largely by lower tract drainage using stab cystotomy combined with irrigation. The former technique is reserved for those few patients who do not improve. Older patients require no preliminary drainage. The long-term sequelae were studied with respect to urinary control, the fate of ureteral reflux and the state of upper tract dilatation. Of our patients 14 per cent remain incontinent owing to too radical a transurethral resection, bladder neck surgery or a gross degree of urethral dilatation found in neonates. Only 32 per cent of the renal units were presented with ureteral reflux. After valve ablation moderate or gross reflux ceased spontaneously in 29 per cent of the patients, it persisted in 35 per cent and it required antireflux surgery or nephrectomy in 36 per cent. The upper urinary tracts were dilated in 90 per cent of the renal units and most had moderate or gross dilatation, especially in infants. Of 116 united with moderate or gross dilatation, or nonfunction 65 per cent remained unchanged after valve ablation but 35 per cent improved to normal or nearly normal. In 35 units with persistent dilatation in nonrefluxing systems the dilatation was associated with pelvioureteral or vesicoureteral obstruction in 10 units, although in 25 patients no obstruction could be identified. The dilatation was considered to be a manifestation of developmental dysplasia of the ureters.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Compensatory renal growth in the mouse. I. Allometric approach to the effect of age.

Allometry, defined as the relationship between the growth rates of organs to the weight of the whole body (38), was used to study the effect of age on the degree of compensatory renal growth (CRG) in the mouse. The normal growth of the kidneys relative to body weight (BW) was determined in animals between 5 to 50 days of age. In one group, nephrectomy and sham operations were performed at 5, 15, and 35 days of age. The remaining ("renoprival") kidney was removed 15 days postnephrectomy. In a second group, nephrectomy was performed on 5-day-old animals, the renoprival kidney being removed after 30 or 45 days. Regression equations were calculated by least-squares after logarithmic transformation and different groups were compared by analysis of covariance. The regression equation for the control kidney was kidney weight (KW) = 0.0093 BW0.86 (r = 0.96). The regression for renoprival kidneys in females was KW = 0.0142 BW0.83 (R = 0.96) after 15 days and, in comparison, was not significantly different from 30 to 45 days. The interval between control and renoprival regressions was equivalent to a difference of congruent to 43% KW. In male mice, the regression for renoprival kidneys after 15 days was KW = 0.0103 BM0.96 (r = 0.98) and was not significantly different from 30 to 45 days. This study suggests that in young mice the time required for complete CRG may be a maximum of 15 days and that the amount of CRG does not depend on the age at operation. After CRG, a new equilibrium is reached which is thereafter maintained up to a minimum of 50 days of age.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Compensatory renal growth in the mouse. II. The effect of growth hormone deficiency.

Allometry was used to study the effect of growth hormones (GH) deficiency on compensatory renal growth (CRG) in a dwarf mouse strain (Little). Nucleic acid and protein estimations were used to assess changes in cellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Nephrectomy was performed at 5, 15, or 35 days of age with removal of the renoprival kidney 15 days later. Controls underwent sham nephrectomies at 35 days of age. The allometric growth of the normal kidney in the homozygote dwarf (lit/lit) between 8 and 50 days of age was closely related to that of the normal heterozygote (lit/+). A regression line for the renoprival kidneys in lit/lit animals was parallel to that of the control right kidney (P less than 0.001). The interval between the regression lines was equivalent to a constant difference of approximately 40% between renoprival and control right kidneys and was similar to that found in the normal heterozygote (43%). Increases in DNA, RNA, and protein in control animals during CRG indicate that cell division and hypertrophy were occurring in similar proportions. In the GH-deficient mouse, the total amount of DNA in renoprival kidneys was 0.451 mg compared with 0.439 mg in controls (NS). This suggests that cell replication was suppressed. The protein:DNA ratio increased from 20.91 to 24.27 (P less than 0.001) and the RNA:DNA ratio increased from 0.732 to 0.912 (P less than 0.001), suggesting that cell size was markedly increased. These findings suggest that reduced amounts of GH may produce a dissociation between hyperplasia an hypertrophy, with CRG occurring predominantly by cellular hypertrophy.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1975

Chronic intussusception associated with ileocecal lymphosarcoma.

A 1011/12-year-old boy with chronic ileocolic intussusception associated with ileocecal lymphosarcoma was decribed. The patient had abdominal pain of 3 months' duration, vomiting, and a firm mass with smooth surface in the right lower abdomen. Barium enema showed intussusception at the distal part of the ascending colon, which was irreducible by hydrostatic pressure. Barium by mouth revealed markedly distended small intestines, which were displaced to the left abdomen. The tumor was inoperable, and the boy died.

Barium Sulfate↗