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Biomedical subjects

K Etori

Publications and source records attributed to K Etori.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Intraoperative real-time ultrasonic scanning for microwave coagulation of the prostate.

Nine patients with severe dysuria caused by prostatic cancer received prostatic microwave coagulation under intraoperative real-time ultrasonic scanning. During the procedure, the microwave applicator was clearly observed, and the coagulation region appeared as an hyperechoic area compared to the noncoagulated region. Intraoperative real-time ultrasonic scanning allowed safer and more efficacious application of prostatic microwave coagulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Remote afterloading transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer.

We have developed a technique of transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer using a remote after-loading system. The radioactive source is a cobalt-60 pellet with 3.7-Ci activity. Four patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated. In all patients, the local tumor response was rapid and satisfactory as judged by physical examination as well as ultrasonography. Serious complications were not seen. A new technique and preliminary clinical results are reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Experience with transurethral uretero-nephrolithotripsy using flexible nephro-ureteroscope].

Disintegration of urinary stones by electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) under transurethral flexible nephro-ureteroscopy was performed for 39 renal and ureteral stones in 38 patients. The use of a ureteral guide tube facilitated the endoscopic manipulation and allowed the endoscope to access the stones in all cases except for two with a severe ureteral stricture. Thirty-seven of the 39 stones (94.9%) were successfully disintegrated and 35 stones (89.7%) were distracted. And 33 stones were completely excreted within 6 months (average, 27.9 days). Complications including ureteral perforation in 3 cases, one of whom required open ureterolithotomy, urinary extravasation in one, failure of removing the ureteral stent in one and perirenal abscess in one who underwent surgical incision. The transurethral flexible endoscope provides a clear vision in the whole urinary tract up to the renal calyx with a minimal complication. This technique could be used as a non-invasive treatment of urolithiasis adjunct to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and also it could be an effective measure for other urological diseases such as the upper urinary tract tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of adrenergic agents on urethral pressure and urethral compliance measurements in dog proximal urethra.

The effects of adrenergic drugs on urethral compliance and urethral closure pressure at the proximal urethra of dogs were investigated using a new probe. The probe, with a balloon at the tip, was equipped with two generating and two detecting electrodes. The probe was inserted into the proximal urethra, and saline was then infused at a constant rate into the balloon with an infusion pump. The pressure and cross-sectional area of the urethra were recorded and a correlation curve of these parameters was drawn. The regression (of the form y = ax + b) was determined from the curve. Urethral compliance and closure pressures were obtained from the values of "a" and "-b/a" respectively, and the maximum cross-sectional area was measured when no further distension of the urethra was obtained. Urethral compliance decreased after the administration of phenylephrine, but increased after the administration of prazosin and labetalol. The urethral closure pressure decreased after the administration of dopamine and haloperidol. There was no change in either urethral compliance or closure pressure after the administration of clonidine, yohimbine, isoproterenol, or propranolol. The results indicate that adrenergic drugs work on urethral compliance, and that the alpha-adrenergic receptor of the proximal urethra is of the alpha-1 type. The changes in the urethral pressure after dopamine administration seems to be a response mediated by dopamine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Transurethral microwave coagulation of bladder cancer in elderly patients].

Since April 1985, 72 patients with bladder cancer have been treated by transurethral microwave coagulation (TUMC). In this procedure, tumors were irradiated with microwave energy of 100 watts for 2-16 minutes. A total of 20 patients were 70 years old or older, including 5 who were more than 80 years old. These 20 patients have been followed for 6 to 32 months with a median follow-up of 14.7 months. After TUMC, tumors completely disappeared endoscopically and histologically in all patients. Four patients had heterotopic recurrences. In all patients, serious complications were not seen during and after TUMC. Our clinical experience revealed that TUMC was the useful therapeutic method for bladder cancer in elderly or poor-risk patients. In this paper, we describe the technique of TUMC and preliminary clinical results.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Combination therapy with microwave coagulation and intracavitary irradiation for bladder cancer. Technique and preliminary clinical results.

Twenty-five patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder have been treated with combined therapy consisting of microwave regional coagulation and intracavitary irradiation. A remote-controlled after-loading system was utilized for the radiation therapy. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 19 months with an average of 11.4 months. Tumor stages were Tis (n = 2), Ta or T1 (n = 17), T2 (n = 2), T3 (n = 3) and T4 (n = 1), and grades were G1 (n = 10), G2 (n = 11) and G3 (n = 4). In 23 patients (92%), there was no endoscopic or histologic evidence of tumor after the initial treatment. Heterotopic recurrences were found after 2 or 3 months in 3 patients who received microwave regional coagulation or intracavitary regional irradiation. Additional intracavitary whole bladder mucosal irradiation was performed for 10 patients with multiple tumors and frequent recurrent tumors. Nine patients had no recurrence (average follow-up 11 months). Our preliminary findings indicate that combination therapy of microwave coagulation and intracavitary irradiation is a useful treatment for bladder cancer.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1988

Microwave coagulation therapy for urinary bladder tumors.

A new device has been developed for microwave coagulation of urinary bladder tumors. Twenty-one patients with urinary bladder tumors were treated by irradiation with microwave energy of 2,450 MHz. Results were obtained as follows: (1) microwave coagulation was performed in 21 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Excluding 4 patients who subsequently received radical cystectomy, 17 patients showed a complete response, although 2 patients subsequently developed recurrences in different parts of the bladder within the following several months. Histological examination of the excised specimen revealed complete eradication of the tumor in 2 patients. In the remaining 2 patients with high-stage tumor (T4), viable tumor cells were noted in the urethra or vaginal wall. (2) Although neither technical difficulties nor severe complications were encountered, transient urinary frequency and calcification of the bladder wall were noted. The results of this study indicate that microwave coagulation may be used in the treatment of both superficial and invasive tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Microwave surgical treatment of the prostate: clinical application of microwave surgery as a tool for improved prostatic electroresection.

Microwave surgery as a tool for improved prostatic electroresection is introduced. Prior to electroresection the prostate was coagulated with 2,450 MHz of microwave which was emitted from the bipolar electrode of a specially designed probe. We conducted a comparative study of 35 patients with bladder neck obstruction. There was a microwave coagulation group treated with subsequent transurethral resection (TUR) and a conventional TUR group. Both groups were analyzed for the amount of blood loss, irrigant absorption and the frequency of complications. Both during and following surgery, the former group had a significant reduction in blood loss and had no complications. We conclude that the combination procedure of microwave coagulation and TUR can minimize the disadvantage of formal TUR and may be of value in the treatment of patients with both prostatic obstruction and of hemorrhagic diathesis as well as in high risk patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Microwave surgical treatment of diseases of prostate.

A new transurethral probe for microwave radiation of the prostate has been developed. As a preliminary experiment, sliced ham was radiated with microwaves using this probe in order to evaluate the extent of thermal effect. Using mongrel male dogs, microwave coagulation of the prostate was examined. These animal experiments showed marked destruction of the prostate gland. Furthermore, the safety of this method was confirmed on the basis of results from the experiments. Prostatic bladder neck obstruction also has been treated in 6 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy or carcinoma of the prostate by this technique. There has been no mortality and also no complications. The results of this preliminary clinical trial have been excellent.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The estimation of urine bolus volume for patients with congenital hydronephrosis.

A new examination (bolusmetry) to evaluate the urine transport function of the ureteropelvic system was performed in 7 adult patients with congenital unilateral hydronephrosis. Whistle-tipped Fr. 5 catheters were introduced to each ureter about 5 cm proximal from the ureteral orifice by transurethral endoscopic technique. Bolus volume and frequency, and changes in them caused by furosemide injection, were estimated by using a drop counter which was connected to the terminal end of the ureteral catheter. Bolusmetry was performed comparing the hydronephrotic side and the healthy side, pre and postoperatively, and these results were then compared with a conventional examination. We obtained the following results: Bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was 0.05 +/- 0.02 (mean +/- S.D.) ml at oliguric state, and it was significantly lower than the value of the healthy side which was 0.19 +/- 0.07 ml. Injection of diuretics increased the bolus volume of the healthy side ten times or more. On the other hand, the bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was increased only slightly by the injection of furosemide, it being approximately one-fourth of the value of the healthy side. The value of bolus frequency was similar to peristaltic frequency which was measured by the electromyogram. The tendency of a decrease was noticed in bolus frequency of the hydronephrotic side but it was not significant. Of patients with severe hydronephrosis, the bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was decreased and the response to the diuretics was not so significant. By bolusmetry, functional or organic obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction was detected. Of 3 patients who had nephrectomy or nephrostomy, the kidney function had deteriorated severely. The bolus volume was lower than 0.25 ml at the diuretic state. Bolus volume was increased postoperatively in 3 of 4 patients who had received pelvioplasty. One patient did not show the formation of bolus by the injection of diuretics, and the cause of the hydronephrosis was functional obstruction of the pelvioureteric junction. We concluded that bolusmetry is a valuable method for evaluation of the function of urine transport in the ureteropelvic system. Especially in hydronephrosis, bolusmetry is a useful in the choice of operative procedure, and for postoperative evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of the pelvioureteral function through a new urine bolusmetry: simultaneous measurement of urine bolus volume and electroureterogram.

New equipment to evaluate the urine transport function of the ureteropelvic system has been developed. Simultaneous measurement of urine bolus volume and electrical activity in the ureter is possible by means of this equipment. A urine bolus volume measuring system, which is based on the heat electrical method, is located in the probe tip, and bipolar electrodes for EMG are located in the stem of the Fr. 4 ureteral catheter. Two kinds of experiments were performed. One was an examination of the new probe through a pervioureteric model using an infusion pump and Nelatons' catheters of various diameters. The other was an animal experiment. The changes in ureteral peristalsis and urine bolus volume in response to diuretics were examined in mongrel dogs through application of this equipment. The following results were obtained: There was a logarithmic relation between perfusion flow rate in catheters used as ureteral models and the values of voltage depression measured by the heat electrical method. The urine bolus volume was calculated closely through a formula which had been developed from the model experiments. In animal experiments, the bolus volume increased significantly and a transient increase in peristalsis was noted after the administration of diuretics although there was no significant change in peristaltic velocity. Some pelvioureteric function parameters, i.e. peristaltic frequency, peristaltic velocity, urine bolus volume, volume, bolus length and ureteral width, are feasible calculations. These results indicate that bolusmetry by using this new probe is a valuable method for evaluation of urine transport function in the pelvioureteric system, and suitable for clinical use as well as animal experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the pelvioureteral function through an impedance urine bolus-metry].

New equipment based on field gradient principle for measurement of cross sectional area of ureteral urine bolus has been developed. Inside the probe consisted of a Fr.4 ureteral catheter, there are 4 ring impedance electrodes and a bipolar ring ureteromyographic electrode. Ex vivo experiments has proved high values in reliability and reproducibility of obtained cross sectional area of urine bolus through an impedance method. Following results have been obtained through animal and clinical experiments. As urine bolus passed through the impedance electrodes, impedance represented the cross sectional area of urine bolus. The ureteral activity corresponded to the increase of urine flow changed as follows, ureteral peristaltic frequency increased, cross sectional area of urine bolus increased, length of urine bolus increased, during maximum diuresis, peristaltic activity diminished and continuous flow presented through ureteral column. It will be useful method for experimental or clinical evaluation of ureteral function.

Adult↗