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Biomedical subjects

K F Givan

Publications and source records attributed to K F Givan.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Rosoxacin in the therapy of uncomplicated gonorrhea.

In this randomized, multicentered study, 157 males and 130 females with laboratory-confirmed, uncomplicated anogenital Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections were evaluated to determine the efficacy and safety of a single 300-mg oral dose of rosoxacin versus 3.5 g of ampicillin plus 1 g of probenecid. A total of 130 males and 101 females were evaluated. Rosoxacin cured 90.3% (P = 0.053) and 94.1% (P = 0.62), respectively, whereas ampicillin was effective in 98.5 and 98% of males and females, respectively. All 39 patients with anorectal infections were cured. One penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae strain was isolated and was eradicated with rosoxacin. Of 212 pretreatment isolates tested, 201 were inhibited by 0.06 micrograms or less of rosoxacin per ml. The MICs of rosoxacin for the remaining 11 isolates ranged up to 0.5 micrograms/ml. The incidence of adverse effects was relatively high (29% for the rosoxacin group versus 18% for the ampicillin group), but none of the reactions required medical intervention nor did they result in serious sequelae.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1978

Histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii in a Canadian immigrant.

Histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii developed in a Canadian immigrant one year after his entry into Canada. He had lived in Guinea for two years prior to immigration. Lymphatic infection characterized the course of his illness. The clinical and pathologic features of this disease's distinctive skin and bone manifestations are outlined. The causal agent's mycologic features are compared with those of H capsulatum var capsulatum. Treatment with amphotericin B was successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Isolation of Neisseria meningitidis from the urethra, cervix, and anal canal: further observations.

Neisseria meningitidis was recovered from the urethra of nine and from the anal canal of seven men, and from the cervix of two women. Twelve of the 16 men were admitted homosexuals. Seven men had no symptoms, while the remainder had mild to moderate symptoms. One woman was asymptomatic and the other was in hospital with acute salpingitis. Reports of previous isolations of meningococci from the urethra, cervix, or anal canal are reviewed. It is concluded that in men, these infections are usually mild and self-limited, but in women, meningococcal genital infections frequently proceed to severe disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

The isolation of Neisseria species from unusual sites.

The isolation of N. gonorrhoeae from the pharynx of four patients and N. meningitidis from the genital tract of six patients is described. Sexual transmission seemed the most likely means of acquiring these organisms. Three out of four patients harbouring gonococci in the pharynx were asymptomatic, while four of six patients with genital meningococci were symptom-free. The isolation of meningococci from the genital tract coincided with an unusually high incidence of meningococcal disease in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Toronto area.

The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of 3872 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae tested in Toronto from 1969 to 1973 is reviewed. An increase in resistance to both penicillin and tetracycline was noted up to 1971, but no further increase has occurred since then. Ninety-seven percent of 135 patients with "sensitive" strains (inhibited by 0.3 U/ml of penicillin and/or 0.5 mug/ml of tetracycline) were cured by either 8 g of tetracycline or 5,000,000 U of penicillin, whereas only 59% of 58 patients with "resistant" strains (requiring 1.0 U/ml of penicillin and/or 2.0 mug/ml of tetracycline for inhibition) were cured by the same dosage. Spectinomycin appears to be an acceptable alternative therapy. Maximum doses of the chosen drug are recommended in the hope of retarding further spread of more resistant organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1967

Myxovirus dissemination by air.

Myxoviruses including 150 strains of parainfluenza 1, 15 of parainfluenza 3 and five of influenza B virus were isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions obtained from 300 children less than 3 years of age who developed acute laryngotracheobronchitis during the preceding 48 hours. The patients were examined between October 1966 and January 1967, the peak monthly rate of virus isolation (67%) occurring during January. Parainfluenza 1 virus was isolated from air obtained in the vicinity of one of 30 children whose nasopharyngeal secretions yielded this agent. Samples comprising 150 litres of air were collected for virus assay by placing an Andersen sampler about 60 cm. from the child's face inside an oxygen tent which surrounded the patient. These findings confirm previous observations that parainfluenza 1 virus is the dominant agent associated with acute laryngotracheobronchitis in children in Toronto, and they show that this virus is disseminated in the air.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1966

Rubella virus infections during pregnancy, Toronto, 1963-66.

Among 670 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinics of two Toronto city hospitals and one suburban hospital between May 1963 and January 1966, 29 of 550 patients apparently acquired rubella neutralizing antibodies, including 12 whose initial sera were collected during the first trimester. None developed overt rubella. Although rubella antibodies were detected in 61 to 79% of mothers aged 20 years or more, and antibody conversions were detected in 4 to 10% of mothers in each five-year age group between 16 and 39 years, tho rubella syndrome did not appear among any of their offspring. Five of seven other infants, aged 4 to 22 weeks, with the rubella syndrome excreted rubella virus. Rubella neutralizing antibodies were detected in all seven of these infants; these persisted at least 56 weeks in one subject. One mother who received gamma globulin during the first trimester was delivered of an infant who showed signs of the rubella syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Auxotypes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from heterosexual men, homosexual men, and heterosexual women.

During 1979-1984 we auxotyped 1822 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and recorded the site of isolation and sexual orientation of the patients. Auxotypes were determined by the growth requirements of strains for proline (Pro-), uracil (Ura-), hypoxanthine (Hyx-), citrulline (Cit-), or citrulline replaceable by ornithine (Orn-). Of all isolates from homosexual men, 96% belonged to three auxotypes: nonrequiring (NR), Pro-, or Orn-, and only 1.5% belonged to the Pro-, Cit-, Ura- and Orn-, Ura-, Hyx- auxotypes. Of the isolates from women, 49.9% belonged to these latter two auxotypes. Of the strains isolated from male homosexuals, 19.5% were resistant to 1.0 microgram of erythromycin/ml, whereas only 9.6% of strains from other men and 2.6% of strains from women were resistant to this concentration. We suggest that strains of N. gonorrhoeae infecting homosexual men tend to be less demanding in their nutritional requirements and more resistant to erythromycin than strains infecting heterosexual men and women.

Anal Canal↗