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Biomedical subjects

K F Parsons

Publications and source records attributed to K F Parsons.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A physiological approach to the investigation of chronic urinary retention.

Twenty-six male patients with chronic urinary retention were investigated by self filling cystometry, followed by fast filling cystometry. Fast filling cystometry tended to increase the end filling pressure and to indicate a smaller bladder capacity than did self filling cystometry. Inadequate filling of the bladder may lead to an unrepresentative detrusor voiding contraction and an incorrect diagnosis of detrusor failure. Fast filling cystometry masks detrusor instability, which may be a factor producing upper tract dilatation and renal impairment. It is suggested that chronic retention of urine should be investigated by self filling cystometry.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The role of urodynamics in the management of spinal cord injured patients.

The urological management of 1126 consecutive patients treated at the Mersey Regional Spinal Injuries Centre between 1947 and 1983 is reviewed. It is concluded that when urodynamics is included in the urological investigative profile, in addition to clinical, biochemical, intravenous urographic and cystourethrographic assessments, then treatment failure is less likely.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Endoscopic bladder transection.

Endoscopic bladder transection has been performed in 30 patients with symptoms as a result of unstable bladder activity. The symptomatic improvement produced justifies the use of this new operation which should replace the open procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Transverse preputial island flap neo-urethroplasty.

The first account of transverse preputial island flap neo-urethroplasty was given in 1978 by Duckett (unpublished material) from Philadelphia to this association. The procedure, commonly known as the Duckett operation, is for the repair of hypospadias in boys whose urethral defect is too long for them to be treated by meatal advancement and glanduloplasty, also described by Duckett in 1980. These 2 operations leave only a very small number of hypospadiacs with a urethral defect so long that more complicated surgery is needed. Acquired urethral defects can also be repaired using transverse preputial island flap neo-urethroplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bladder transection--a functional, neurophysiological, neuropharmacological and neuroanatomical study.

Experimental models to represent the surgical methods of bladder transection in humans were performed on dogs and rabbits. The effects on vesical neurophysiology were studied by cystometry with bethanechol supersensitivity testing; by in vitro pharmacological responsiveness; by determination of autonomic receptor densities using radioligand binding and by autonomic neurohistochemical staining. Analysis revealed that transection with or without neurovascular preservation resulted in an alpha-adrenergic denervation and cholinergic decentralisation. A comparison with the surgical models is presented and proposed mechanisms of action are discussed in relation to the experimental results.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The neuropathic urethra.

The hypothesis is advanced that the functional urethral obstruction found in neuropathic states is due, in part at least, to urethral supersensitivity following sympathetic decentralisation. A simple postural test for this condition is described. By its use it has been shown that urethral denervation occurs not only in disorders of the central nervous system but with peripheral damage such as may result from rectal excision and hysterectomy. In some cases with functional urethral obstruction, attributable to suersensitivity of the urethra, no neurological abnormality has been found. These may be examples of localised visceral neuropathy.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Urethral supersensitivity and occult urethral neuropathy.

The phenomenon of postural increases in urethral tone in patients with neuropathic bladder dysfunction has been investigated and, using the technique of simulated alterations in posture, a humoral response of urethral smooth muscle has been demonstrated. Serial measurements of circulating catecholamines have shown that a close correlation exists between the contraction of urethral smooth muscle and the variations in circulating catecholamines brought about as part of cardiovascular homeostasis. Identical urethral responses have been recorded in a group of neurologically intact patients who have urethral outflow obstruction, and it is speculated that these patients may have an occult urethral neuropathy.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1980

Endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of peripheral denervation of the bladder.

Endoscopic biopsies of the bladder were stained using a simple neurohistochemical technique to demonstrate the normal cholinergic innervation. The same technique was used on patients in whom a peripheral neuropathic bladder was suspected and clear evidence of denervation obtained. It is suggested that the technique be applied to all cases where peripheral denervation is a possibility to assist in diagnosis and to select cases where long-term urological follow-up is mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Primary vesical sensory urgency. A clinical trial of bromocriptine.

A randomised double blind crossover trial of Bromocriptine against an inert placebo was performed in 14 patients with primary sensory urgency. Bromocriptine was found to have no therapeutic advantage for these patients and the possible explanations for this finding are discussed.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1978

Outflow obstruction in neuropathic bladder dysfunction: the neuropathic urethra.

Urethral pressure profiles were recorded in a series of patients with traumatic lesions of the spinal cord producing vesico-urethral dysfunction. Patients were classified into groups depending upon the relationship of the lesion to the sympathetic outflow to the bladder and urethra from the spinal cord. Using alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, the smooth muscle contribution to the maximum urethral pressure was ascertained in each group and differences in both the configuration of the profile, and the smooth muscle component, were found. Increases in the maximum urethral pressure in response to a change in posture were also investigated, and the extent of the increase found to vary according to the level of the spinal lesion in respect of the sympathetic outflow, and with the integrity of the sacral cholinergic reflex arcs. The hypothesis that these changes may be due to urethral "decentralisation supersensitivity" from alterations in circulating catecholamine levels is suggested.

Adolescent↗