[Synthesis and teratogenic activity of some thalidomide analogous indane-1,3-diones (author's transl)].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Fickentscher.
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Racemic thalidomide is chromatographically separated on optically active polyamide giving both enantiomers. After i.p. administration only the S-(-)-enantiomer is teratogenic on SWS mice and Natal rats.
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Maleinimide, the teratogenic structural "central part" of the thalidomide molecule, and 5 of its dichloro- and dibromo-derivatives have been investigated teratologically by tests on SWS mice. According to both the electrophilic properties and the spatial requirements of the substituents, the effects were found to be up to 100 times stronger than those of thalidomide, and up to 10 times stronger than those of phthalimide respectively. The results are referred to the distinct electron-acceptor behavior of the maleinimide compounds, which--due to their flat molecular structures--are able to intercalate into the DNA double helix forming EDA complexes with nucleic acid bases as electron-donor molecules. The results can be interpreted as another confirmation of Jönsson's intercalation hypothesis of the thalidomide action.
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The embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of 1,3-indandion and of 3 of its derivatives were proved. Pregnant SWS mice were given single i.p. injections on day 9 of gestation. A mixture of physiologic saline and TWEEN20 (3:1) was used as a solvent. The results refute the hypothesis of the action of thalidomide as an acylating agent responsible for the embryotoxic and teratogenic effect. The results favor instead the hypothesis of an intercalation of the flat purine-like molecule moieties of thalidomide and some of its analogues between base pairs of the DNA double helix.
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