Buffy coats do not cause inflammation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
K Fields
Publications and source records attributed to K Fields.
Projection of limb venous afferents to the feline motor-sensory cortex.
Previous studies have shown that the cerebral cortex has the capacity to exert a marked influence on the circulatory system. Recently low threshold femoral vein afferent fiber projections to the spinal cord were reported and were found to have powerful reflex connections to motor neurons. The venous afferents appeared to be attractive candidates to provide afferent input to the cortex by the activation of ascending sensory systems. Therefore the experiments described in this report were carried out to determine the existence and functional organization of venous afferent projections to the cerebral cortex in the cat. Femoral and brachial vein afferent fibers were excited in the vein wall by electrical stimulation. Cerebral cortical mapping of cortical evoked potentials revealed that femoral and brachial venous afferent fibers activate ascending sensory systems which activate cortical neurons. The primary projection focus of the hind limb venous afferents lay within the hindlimb 3a--4 gamma motor-sensory cortex on the medial postcruciate gyrus. The forelimb venous afferent primary projection focus lay within the forelimb 3a--4 gamma motor-sensory cortex on the lateral sigmoid gyrus. The venous afferent projection was proposed to be a component of a cortical control system which would facilitate optimal cardiovascular control.
Afferent Pathways↗
An invisible art blazes into life under microscope.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Art↗
Topical transforming growth factor-beta3 in the prevention or alleviation of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in patients with lymphomas or solid tumors.
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta3 has been hypothesized to prevent or alleviate oral mucositis (OM) in cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy (CT). Two double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase II studies of TGF-beta3 were initiated in the United States, Europe, and Argentina in patients with lymphomas or solid tumors who were receiving highly stomatotoxic CT regimens. Patients were to apply 10-mL mouthwash applications of TGF-beta3 (25 microg/mL) or placebo four times daily (or twice daily) 1 day before and all days during CT. The patients were subsequently evaluated for OM incidence, severity, and duration using National Institute of Cancer Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC) criteria and an objective scoring system (1). After the start of the trials, negative results from new preclinical studies suggesting suboptimal formulation and/or dosing led to an interim analysis of the ongoing clinical trials. One hundred fifty-two patients from the combined studies were included in the interim analysis, with 116 patients on the TGF-beta3 four times daily and placebo arms. Most (72%) patients had breast cancer, 22% had lymphomas, and 6% had other solid tumors. Although 98% (149 of 152) of patients experienced adverse events, only 14% (22 of 152) experienced events that were judged as possibly or probably related to the study drug (primarily gastrointestinal symptoms). No clinically relevant differences were seen between the treatment and placebo arms regarding safety, nor was there evidence for systemic absorption of TGF-beta3. Finally, there was no advantage of TGF-beta3 treatment regarding the incidence (TGF-beta3 four times daily versus placebo [46% versus 47%]), onset, or duration of NCI-CTC grade 3 or 4 OM. For this dose, formulation, regimen. and patient population, TGF-beta3 was not effective in the prevention or alleviation of CT-induced OM.
Adult↗
Peroxiredoxin genes are not induced in myeloid leukemia cells exposed to ionizing radiation.
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) comprise an extended family of small antioxidant proteins which conserve a thioredoxin-dependent catalytic function that can contribute to cell protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS generation is one of the deleterious intracellular effects of ionizing radiation, but the role of Prx during radiation treatment has not been extensively explored. Present experiments measure effects of ionizing radiation on expression of human Prx types I (PAGA), II (NKEF-B) and IV (AOE372) in human myeloid leukemia cells (K562). Prx gene transcription was analyzed by amplifying with RT-PCR cDNAs complementary to each Prx-specific coding sequence and by identifying the derived products with Southern blotting procedure. Transcripts of GAPDH were used as the endogenous standard for semi-quantitative comparisons. No consistent increase in Prx gene expression was detected at time intervals up to 72 h after gamma radiation doses that caused cell cycle arrest and nuclear damage (maximum 20 Gy). Immunoblots also were consistent with a prolonged expression or stability of the Prx I/II proteins. Similarly, a cytotoxic concentration of the oxidant hemin, which stimulates rapid hemoglobinization of K562 cells, caused no induction of Prx gene expression. Our results indicate a high Prx stability in human radio-resistant leukemia cells.
Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic↗