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Biomedical subjects

K Foley

Publications and source records attributed to K Foley.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Surgical complications of obese patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Sixty-seven patients had exploratory laparotomy for stage I and II (occult) adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Acute surgical complications were analyzed in obese and in normal-weight patients. Compared to normal-weight patients, obese patients had significantly higher rates of wound infection and wound dehiscence, longer operating time, greater blood loss, and longer hospital stay. Wound infection and wound dehiscence were significantly related to postoperative anemia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Hemodialysis-associated febrile episodes: surveillance before and after major alteration in the water treatment system.

Surveillance for bacteremic or pyrogenic episodes associated with hemodialysis was undertaken before and after the reconstruction of the water treatment system at our University medical center. The new water system included a holding tank with iodination treatment. The water delivered to individual dialysis stations had only occasional positive bacterial cultures (3 of 21 samples before completion of construction, 2 of 16 samples afterwards) and intermittent detection of endotoxin (6 of 21 samples before completion of construction, 9 of 16 samples afterwards) at monthly sampling. Among 51 individual dialysis treatments (25 patients) before reconstruction and 56 treatments (29 patients), after, only 2 and 3 febrile events were identified, respectively. All of these were associated with underlying infectious illness and not with the hemodialysis procedure itself. Overall, we conclude that pyrogenic episodes associated directly with hemodialysis treatment are infrequent, and that the addition of a water storage tank with iodination treatment does not appear to increase the risk of bacteremia or pyrogenic episodes.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1986

Brief periods of environmental enrichment facilitate adolescent development of gerbils.

In a lifespan study, measures of motor behavior and somatic growth were recorded monthly from 31 male and 31 female gerbils. Each month, after measures were recorded, the gerbils were placed in a large, outdoor environment, or in a small indoor control cage for one hour. The enrichment experience for one hour a month had no effect on motor behavior between 2 and 7 months of age, but facilitated adolescent development. Area of the ventral gland increased more rapidly in gerbils given environmental enrichment. In male gerbils, the hindlimb was longer in those given environmental enrichment, but the opposite was true in female gerbils. More female gerbils had seizures than did male gerbils after 3 months of age, and enrichment had no significant effect on seizures in female gerbils. In male gerbils, however, more of the gerbils given enrichment experience had seizures from 2 to 4 months of age and fewer had seizures at 5 and 6 months of age than did controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of plasma glucose on the growth hormone response to human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor in normal subjects.

Pituitary responsiveness to 44 amino acid human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor was tested under conditions of euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia in six normal subjects. A 100 micrograms dose of growth hormone releasing factor was given at a fasting blood glucose of 5.1 +/- 0.4 mmols/l (mean +/- S.D.), and at a blood glucose level of 10.9 +/- 1.5. Under conditions of hyperglycaemia, the GH response to releasing factor was significantly depressed when compared to results obtained at fasting blood glucose (n = 6, t = 3.902, P = 0.0114). This is in keeping with the hypothesis that hyperglycaemia, mediated by the hypothalamus, causes decreased pituitary sensitivity to natural growth hormone releasing hormone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Growth hormone response to hyperinsulinaemia in insulin-dependent diabetics. Comparison of patients with and without retinopathy.

Growth hormone levels were measured in glucose clamp studies on 13 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with retinopathy and 9 age, sex, and weight matched patients without retinopathy. Four non-diabetic subjects were used as controls. The glucose was kept constant at 12 +/- 0.85 mmol/l (mean +/- S.D.) in the diabetic groups, and at 6 mmol/l in the non-diabetic controls. Insulin was infused at sequential rates of 0.3, 1.0, and 10 mU/kg/min. Basal levels of growth hormone were not significantly different in those with and without retinopathy (5.7 +/- 4.9, 9.4 +/- 10.6 mU/l p = 0.21). Growth hormone levels were compared in each group during a 60 minute steady state period for each insulin infusion rate. At all 3 infusion rates, the diabetics with retinopathy produced a rise in growth hormone, while the non-diabetics did not (1.24 +/- 0.6 mU/l). The patients with retinopathy produced more growth hormone than those without at each infusion rate (12.2 +/- 11.5 vs. 2.8 +/- 5.1, p = 0.03; 10.6 +/- 11.1 vs. 1.6 +/- 1.7, p = 0.02; 19.7 +/- 20.6 vs. 4.2 +/- 4.8, p = 0.03). These data confirm that insulin alone can stimulate growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetics with retinopathy. Evidence is provided indicating that patients with retinopathy produce more growth hormone than those without.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Evidence for a central abnormality in the regulation of growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetes.

To assess pituitary and hypothalamic function in diabetes, 100 micrograms growth hormone releasing factor 1-44 was administered to 10 normal subjects at fasting plasma glucose (5.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/l, mean +/- S.E.M.), 10 insulin-dependent diabetics while euglycaemic (6.4 +/- 0.3 mmol/l), and 10 while hyperglycaemic (13.1 +/- 1.3 mmol/l). Six of the diabetics participated in both parts of the study. The normal subjects and euglycaemic diabetics produced similar peaks in growth hormone (118.2 +/- 37.6 vs 105.2 +/- 23.9 mU/l, p = 0.69). The peak growth hormone level was reached between 30 and 45 minutes in all the normal subjects, but varied between 15 and 75 minutes in the diabetics. While all normal subjects suppress their growth hormone response to releasing factor when hyperglycaemic, not all the diabetics did so, and the suppression did not reach statistical significance on comparison of euglycaemic and hyperglycaemic diabetics (105.2 +/- 23.9 vs 64.7 +/- 19.4 mU/l, p = 0.2). Comparison of results from those diabetics studied at both euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia again showed no significant difference (140.8 +/- 30.9 vs 90.2 +/- 27.7 mU/l, p = 0.22). These results suggest a central, possibly hypothalamic, abnormality to account for the disruption of growth hormone regulation in diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intracranial sparganosis: an uncommon infection. Case report.

The first case of intracranial sparganosis to be reported from the United States is presented. The patient, a 27-year-old woman, complained of focal seizures involving the right lower extremity. A left parietal parasagittal craniotomy was performed, and a granuloma containing a sparganum was excised from the parietal lobe. The clinical and pathological features of sparganosis are reviewed. Only five cases of intracranial sparganosis have previously been described.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Levorphanol: pharmacokinetics and steady-state plasma concentrations in patients with pain.

Plasma concentrations of the narcotic analgesic, levorphanol, have been determined following i.v., i.m. and oral administration of therapeutic doses of the drug to patients with pain. In two patients who received single i.v. doses of levorphanol the plasma concentration-time profile in each subject was best described by a triexponential decline of the concentrations with terminal half-lives (t 1/2) of about 11 hr. Following i.m. and oral administrations, peak plasma concentrations of intact drug were generally reached after about 0.5 and 1 hr, respectively. Conjugated (beta-glucuronidase labile) levorphanol appeared rapidly in plasma following all routes of administration and quickly reached concentrations which were 5 to 10 fold higher than the intact drug. Effective analgesic steady-state concentrations of levorphanol in patients receiving a wide range of chronic oral and i.m. dosages of the drug ranged from about 10 to 100 ng/ml and these concentrations showed no apparent correlation with either the dose or the subjective analgesic response achieved. The latter observations are probably a reflection of extensive and variable inter-subject "first-pass" metabolism of the drug combined with different degrees of pharmacologic tolerance at the receptor level. However, in the non-tolerant patient it appears that a plasma concentration of about 10 ng/ml is associated with a positive analgesic effect. Furthermore it seems that analgesia is often maintained within a narrow plasma concentration range for each subject in that relatively small decreases in plasma concentration in some patients may be associated with either mild or severe pain. Plasma protein binding at steady-state in 10 patients averaged 40 +/- 2.6%. Concentrations of the drug in the cerebrospinal fluid of 2 patients studied were 60 to 70% of the corresponding plasma levels of the drug.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Levorphanol: a simplified radioimmunoassay for clinical use.

A recently reported radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure (Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol 29, 535, 1980) developed for the quantitation of the narcotic analgesic, levorphanol, in dog plasma has been simplified for clinical use using the original antiserum to an albumin conjugate of (-)-3-hydroxy-N-carboxymethylmorphinan. Due to the absence of and/or insignificant concentrations of the cross-reactive metabolite, nor-levorphanol, in human plasma, the new simplified procedure allows for the specific quantitation of levorphanol directly in clinical plasma samples, thereby circumventing the extraction and chromatographic steps of the original procedure. The direct procedure has a limit of sensitivity of 1 ng/ml of levorphanol using a 20 microliter sample of plasma and is ideally suited for the routine determination of steady state plasma concentrations of levorphanol in patients receiving various therapeutic doses of the drug. In two subjects studied the apparent half-lives of elimination of levorphanol from plasma were 10 and 16 hr. The characteristics and use of another antiserum to levorphanol, obtained by immunization of rabbits with an albumin conjugate of (-)-3-O-carboxymethyl-N-methylmorphinan, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Levorphanol:radioimmunoassay and plasma concentration profiles in dog and man.

A specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure has been developed for the determination of the narcotic analgesic, levorphanol, in plasma using a rabbit antiserum to an albumin conjugate of (-)-3-hydroxy-N-carboxymethylmorphinan. Assay specificity was achieved by chromatogrphic isolation of levorphanol from plasma extracts on Sephadex LH-20 prior to analysis. The method has a limit of sensitivity of about 0.5 ng/ml of levorphanol using a 0.1 ml sample of plasma. Steady-state plasma concentrations of levorphanol have been determined for the first time in two cancer patients receiving chronic therapeutic doses of the drug. The plasma concentration-time profile for levorphanol following i.v. administration of 2 mg/kg to a dog declined biexponentially and the terminal elimination phase had a half-life of 2.4 hr. When another dog received orally 7 mg/kg of the drug in aqueous solution, the normalized area under the plasma concentration-time curve of intact levorphanol was less than 2% of the are observed after i.v. administration and suggests extensive "first-pass" metabolism of the drug in the dog.

Administration, Oral↗