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Biomedical subjects

K Franklin

Publications and source records attributed to K Franklin.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Nasal CPAP--treatment of choice in obstructive sleep apnea].

There is no doubt about the effectiveness of nasal-CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) in treatment on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), however there has been doubts about the tolerance and compliance rate. Seventy-two (88 percent) out of 82 patients evaluated for CPAP tolerated and accepted treatment for home use. Five patients did not tolerate CPAP at all, of them four were former operated with Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Five patients refused home CPAP therapy. According to a questionnaire 42 (91 percent) out of 46 patients with home CPAP therapy used their CPAP five to seven nights/week. We suggest CPAP as the treatment of choice at AHI greater than 20, since the treatment is highly effective and well tolerated by the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Evidence for involvement of glycoprotein-CD45 phosphatase in reversing glycoprotein-CD3-induced microtubule-associated protein-2 kinase activity in Jurkat T-cells.

Ligation of CD3/TCR on T-cells induces transient activation of lymphoid MAP-2 kinase (MAP-2K), a 43 kDa serine kinase which itself is a substrate of an unidentified tyrosine kinase (pp43). The reversibility of the MAP-2K response agrees with removal of tyrosine phosphates from pp43. Since both activity as well as tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP-2K could be prolonged by Na3VO4, a phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, we studied the effect of the common CD45 isoform, which is a member of the CD45 phosphatase family, on MAP-2K activity in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate the ability of purified CD45 phosphatase to remove tyrosine phosphates from partially purified lymphoid MAP-2K. Utilizing the approach of heterologous receptor aggregation, we also showed that CD45 could inhibit the induction of MAP-2K activity in intact Jurkat cells during CD3 or CD3 + CD4 stimulation. We therefore suggest that this phosphatase may control the activity of lymphoid MAP-2K in vivo.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Activation of MAP-2 kinase activity by the CD2 receptor in Jurkat T cells can be reversed by CD45 phosphatase.

We have recently characterized a serine kinase in T lymphocytes which phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) in vitro. This kinase is activated in a rapidly reversible fashion during ligation of CD3/Ti by a process which involves tyrosine phosphorylation of the enzyme itself. We show that the stimulatory anti-CD2 mAb combination, anti-(T11(2) + T11(3), stimulates MAP-2K activity in Jurkat cells with kinetics that are more prolonged than during anti-CD3 treatment. The principal difference is not in the rate of response induction, but in the decline of the response beyond the peak, to which end anti-CD2 stimulation resembles the sustained phytohaemagglutin (PHA) response. Parallel immunoblotting, utilizing anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies, also revealed differences in the rate at which tyrosine phosphorylation of pp43 (MAP-2K) disappears after induction. In spite of these differences, CD2 was absolutely dependent on the presence of CD3 for inducing a MAP-2K response in Jurkat cells. These results indicate that, even though CD2 and CD3 are using a common signalling pathway in Jurkat cells, additional differences such as the involvement of a tyrosine phosphatase may have to be considered in response generation. We also demonstrate that the common CD45 isoform, when cross-linked to CD2 by mAb, could inhibit the MAP-2K response during both induction as well as the disappearing phase of the response.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Bias effects of socioeconomic status and sex in decision making in speech-language pathology.

Within the area of speech-language pathology there is a paucity of literature that specifically addresses the issue of bias in the referral, assessment, and placement of children in programs for the remediation of speech-language disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the issue of bias [i.e., sex and socioeconomic status (SES)] as it related to decision making in speech-language pathology. Certified speech-language pathologists completed a questionnaire survey in which information regarding the referral and assessment of a hypothetical case study child was presented. Only the sex of the child and the parents' occupations were varied. Factor analysis and subsequent analyses of variance revealed a significant difference with regard to the SES main effect (p less than .006) for Factor 2 (Alternative Home and School Intervention Strategies). That is, it was found that regardless of sex, low SES children were viewed as more likely than high SES children to be recommended for alternative home and school intervention strategies for the remediation of speech-language delays.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Passive immunisation of children with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus.

The efficacy of a 10-day course of bovine colostrum with high antibody titre against the four known human rotavirus serotypes in protecting children against rotavirus infection was examined in patients admitted to hospital. Children aged 3 to 15 months were blocked in pairs according to ward accommodation (ie, isolation or open area). Each block contained 1 treated and 1 control child. The allocation to treatment or control (an artificial infant formula) was randomised. 9 of 65 control children but none of 55 treated children acquired rotavirus infection during the treatment period (p less than 0.001). The importance of protecting against rotavirus infection was highlighted by the fact that parents of symptomatic rotavirus-positive children sought medical attention seven times more often than did parents of symptomatic rotavirus-negative children (p less than 0.05).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Intraoperative assessment of left ventricular heterogeneity.

To evaluate regional differences in thickness and systolic function of human myocardium perfused by angiographically normal coronary arteries in valvular and ischemic heart disease, we performed intraoperative epicardial M-mode mapping of ventriculographically normal wall regions (perfused by normal coronary arteries) in 22 subjects undergoing either coronary bypass surgery for stenoses in other vessels (n = 15) or mitral (n = 5) and/or aortic valve replacement (n = 4). In patients in whom both anterior and inferior walls were ventriculographically normal and normally perfused (n = 6), comparison of the two walls showed the anterior wall to be thicker at both end diastole and end systole, but there was no difference in the percentage of systolic thickening. Analysis of myocardium along the long axis revealed apical sites to be thinner than basal sites at both end diastole and end systole. Percentage of systolic thickening was also increased at apical sites. In patients in whom only the anterior wall was normal, a similar decrease in anterior wall thickness was noted at the apex. Thus systematic regional heterogeneity along both the left ventricular major and minor axes is found in the chronically diseased human heart as it is in the normal heart. Assessment of myocardial structure and function and of the effects of therapeutic interventions must take this heterogeneity into account.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1983

Embolisation of hypernephromas: a simple technique using ethanol.

Experience of the embolisation of hypernephromas with 95% ethanol is described in 10 patients. An initial technique using 95% ethanol diluted with contrast has been modified. A single injection of 15 ml of undiluted 95% ethanol through a balloon occlusion catheter is now recommended. We conclude that this is a quick, easy and safe method of embolising hypernephromas.

Adenocarcinoma↗