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Biomedical subjects

K Freeman

Publications and source records attributed to K Freeman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cronkhite Canada syndrome: a new hypothesis.

The occurrence of Cronkhite Canada syndrome in a 78 year old man is described. The presence of total gastrointestinal mucosal atrophy with nail loss is reported for the first time. It is suggested that the polyps represent residues of aged cells with no absorptive function and that the condition results from the loss of normal proliferative stimuli or acquired resistance to them. The primary biochemical abnormality may be in the affected epithelia but the changes here could alternatively be secondary to failure of synthesis or release of growth factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Strimmer rash.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

American cutaneous leishmaniasis.

This review outlines the present knowledge of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, a disease which, owing to the increase in international travel, is being seen with increasing frequency in Europe and North America. A knowledge of this disease is of particular importance to the military medical officer as in recent years approximately one-hundred and fifty cases of leishmaniasis have been seen in British troops who have served in Belize. Leishmania braziliensis sp. have been isolated from a number of these cases. Organisms of this complex had not previously been recorded in Belize and the Army Medical Services are therefore in a unique position to study this disease, as well as having a responsibility to ensure its correct management.

Antimony↗
PubMed1979

Development of nystagmus in response to vestibular stimulation in infants.

Nystagmus in response to perotatory stimulation by torsion swing or ice-cold caloric (ICC) irrigation of the ear canals was studied in 276 infants from birth to 12 months of age. The percentage of positive responses to perotatory stimulation correlated with gestational age and weight at birth during the first 3 months of life and became comparable among groups by 6 months of age. The quality of perotatory nystagmus did not differ among groups. A direct correlation between the caloric-induced intensity and duration of nystagmus with gestational age and weight at birth was noted during the first 3 months of life. Premature infants showed the weakest responses, and term-delivered, large for gestational age children the strongest responses. ICC-induced nystagmus reached comparable levels for all groups by 6 months except for premature infants, in whom comparable responses were attainedby 9 months of age. Vestibular responses mature over time, with patterns that correlate with gestational age and weight at birth.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational risk for hepatitis C virus infection among New York City dentists.

Health-care workers have an occupational risk of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, neither the magnitude of this risk nor the practices associated with it have been defined. Since dentists have numerous patients and are exposed to blood, they are likely to have the maximum risk. Therefore, we have assessed occupational risk for HCV infection among dentists in the New York City area. Individuals who admitted present or previous intravenous drug use or (men) who were homosexual or bisexual were excluded. Demographic, occupational, and behavioural data were recorded, and sera were tested for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). Anti-HCV was found in 8 (1.75%) of 456 dentists compared with 1 (0.14%) of 723 controls (odds ratio [OR] 12.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7 to 573). Anti-HCV was found in 4 (9.3%) of 43 oral surgeons compared with 4 (0.97%) of 413 other dentists (OR 10.5, 95% CI 1.9 to 58). Seropositive dentists claimed to have treated more intravenous drug users in the week (p = 0.04) or month (p = 0.03) before the study than did seronegative dentists. Our findings show that dentists are at increased risk for hepatitis C infection. All health-care workers should regard patients as potentially infected with a communicable bloodborne agent.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT scans through metal scanning technique versus hardware composition.

OBJECTIVE: Streak artifact on CT scans of metal containing areas has been a long standing problem. Although several artifact reducing methods have been used to improve image quality, most have been limited by requiring specialized equipment or lengthy complex calculations that are not automated. Others have shown that increasing the beam energy results in increased thickness of metal that may be imaged by CT without severe image degradation. We have studied the image quality of bone surrounding metal both with titanium and cobalt-chrome prostheses using various scanning techniques. METHODS: In a double blind fashion, 28 radiology residents and attendings were surveyed as to the best technique for imaging bone detail surrounding metal. A series of images was arranged of an implanted titanium prosthesis, a cobalt-chrome prosthesis and a pelvis repaired with stainless steel pelvic reconstruction plates. Scans were performed using three techniques: 120 kVp, 170 mA, 2 s, 360 degrees rotation, 140 kVp, 140 mA, 3 s, 360 degrees rotation, 140 kVp, 140 mA, 4 s, 420 degrees rotation. RESULTS: Titanium was superior to cobalt-chrome (p < .0001 Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test). No advantage was noted for higher kVp or increased scan arc of 420 degrees compared to the standard 360 degrees. CONCLUSION: Titanium allows improved bone detail surround the metal than CT cobalt-chrome. We have found no advantage to using either high kVp or a 420 degrees scan arc to improve the image quality of bone surrounded by metal.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focus group methodology for patients, parents, and siblings.

This report describes methodology that can be used as a guideline for the planning, conduct, analysis, and interpretation of data from focus groups for parents/caregivers, siblings, and children diagnosed with an illness; the methodology provides tools for the conduct of such groups in the same or similar populations. Separate focus group sessions were conducted for parents/guardians, siblings, and affected children. Methodological enhancements in planning and conducting the focus group sessions include development of a sampling frame to derive a representative group of participants, standardization of procedures through the use of a moderator's training manual tailored to each group, identification of topics to broaden content areas and stimulate discussion, and creation of a comfortable environment in which participants could express issues. Statistical considerations regarding design and conduct of the focus group session, as well as acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data are presented with regard to validity, reliability, and generalizability of information gathered from focus group interviews. Scripts, topics, and timeframes that were initially devised by content experts were validated further and revised for direct use or adaptation by clinicians in the conduct of focus group sessions for parents/guardians, siblings, and affected children. Application of this methodology is intended to promote generalizability, reliability, and validity of information obtained, and to enable health care practitioners to provide better care to young patients and their families.

Family↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Making evaluation work in a substance abuse treatment program for women with children: Olivia's House.

Olivia's House represents the development and implementation of an innovative substance abuse treatment program for drug-dependent, primarily African-American women with children. This article discusses the prevalence of problems related to women and drug abuse; describes the philosophy and continuum of care of Olivia's House; delineates the program, process, outcome, dissemination, and training components of the evaluation protocol; presents preliminary evaluation findings as they relate to the overall goals of Olivia's House: and points out the obstacles to the evaluation of a residential drug abuse treatment program from women and children. This article is targeted to substance abuse service providers and evaluators challenged with the effective delivery and accountability of meaningful treatment services to persons with substance use disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leishmanin skin testing in the diagnosis of American cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Two hundred thirty-three British troops were tested before and 2 months after a 6-month period in Belize. No erythematous indurated reactions developed on the initial tests; four subjects developed such reactions on the second test. Three of these subjects had skin ulcers at the time of the second test; the fourth developed an ulcer 2 weeks later. Leishmania braziliensis sp were isolated from all of these ulcers. Two subjects who showed no reaction on either of their tests developed skin ulcers within 1 month of the second test. Leishmania braziliensis sp were isolated from these ulcers. The leishmanin test performed 2 months after return from an endemic area does not provide a satisfactory screening test for leishmaniasis. An indurated reaction correlates well with the presence of disease, but a negative reaction does not exclude this developing later.

Humans↗