Biomedical subjects

K Fukao

Publications and source records attributed to K Fukao.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Expression of MUC1 mucins in the subserosal layer correlates with postsurgical prognosis of pathological tumor stage 2 carcinoma of the gallbladder.

The overall outcome of pT(2) gallbladder carcinoma has not been favorable. Postsurgical recurrence at distant sites occurs in some cases, although the carcinoma was limited to the gallbladder wall. A high level expression of MUC1 mucins with sialylated carbohydrates (sialylated MUC1 mucins) is correlated with poor survival in intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression level of sialylated MUC1 mucins, detected by a monoclonal antibody, MY.1E12, in 31 cases of pT(2) gallbladder carcinoma on which curative resections had been performed and to determine the correlation of the expression level of MY.1E12-reactive-MUC1 mucin with mode of recurrence and postsurgical survival. Immunostainings of the MUC1 mucin were recognized in different types of noncancerous pathological epithelia of the gallbladder except for intestinal metaplasia and cancerous epithelia. Immunohistochemical localization was classified into apical, cytoplasmic, and stromal types based on the predominant cellular distribution of MY.1E12-reactive-MUC1 mucin. In 31 cases of pT(2) carcinoma, the localization was apical type in 64%, cytoplasmic type in 71%, and stromal type in 48% of the cases at the deepest invading sites in the subserosal layer. Distant recurrences, i.e., peritoneal dissemination in 8 patients and liver metastasis in 3 patients, were seen in 8 (53%) of 15 cases of pT(2) carcinoma that had > or =10% of the cancerous epithelia showing stromal localization of the MUC1 mucin at the deepest invading sites and in 2 (12%) of 16 cases that had <10% of those showing the stromal localization. The postsurgical survival outcome was significantly poorer in the former than in the latter (P = 0.044). In pT(2) gallbladder carcinoma, the presence of MY.1E12-reactive-MUC1 mucin in the stroma adjacent to the cancerous epithelia in the subserosal layer correlates with the aggressiveness of the disease, such as the tendency to form distant recurrences. This phenotype may serve as a unique biological feature associated with the malignant behavior of pT(2) gallbladder carcinoma.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

[Chemoradiotherapy and salvage surgery in a patient with advanced esophageal cancer].

We report a case of advanced esophageal cancer, which was treated by chemoradiotherapy combined with surgical treatment. Moreover, 14 advanced esophageal cancer patients treated by chemoradiotherapy are discussed. The chemoradiotherapy showed beneficial control of the tumor; however, it sometimes leads to esophageal stenosis and ulcer. We conclude that additional salvage surgery is needed for such complications.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2001

Clonal expansion of hepatic stem/progenitor cells following flow cytometric cell sorting.

Although hepatic stem cells are believed to exist and play a critical role in developing and regenerating liver, little is known about their cell surface specificity or differentiation capabilities. To make prospective studies of hepatic stem cells possible, we established an in vitro culture system for identification and characterization of hepatic stem/progenitor cells. By combining this culture system with fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), a population of cells that were capable of forming large colonies and providing their descendants for relative longer period was isolated from fetal mouse livers. These data suggest that hepatic stem/progenitor cells with high proliferative potential are existent in the developing mouse liver, and that they are enriched by using flow cytometry.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Pharmacologic graft protection without donor pretreatment in liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors.

BACKGROUND: Non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) are considered potential sources of transplant organs in an effort to alleviate the problem of donor shortage in clinical liver transplantation. We investigated the possibility of pharmacologic protection of hepatic allograft function from NHBDs without donor pretreatment. METHODS: Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed using pigs. In donors, cardiac arrest was induced by stopping the respirator. Forty-five minutes after cessation of the respirator, the liver was flushed with cold lactated Ringer's solution including heparin and with the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, and then preserved for 8 hr at 4 degrees C in the UW solution. The pigs were divided into two groups: a control group and a treated group. In the treated group, an endothelin antagonist TAK-044 was added to the UW solutions (10 mg/L), and TAK-044 (10 mg/kg body weight) and a platelet activating factor antagonist E5880 (0.3 mg/kg body weight) were also administered to the recipients. RESULTS: TAK-044 and E5880 treatment significantly increased the 7-day survival rate of the recipients (100% vs. 17%, P<0.05). In the treated group, portal venous pressure immediately after reperfusion of the graft was significantly lower than in the control group, and postoperative increase in serum concentrations of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and total bilirubin was attenuated. Moreover, the energy charge and adenosine triphosphate concentration of the liver were rapidly restored after reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacologic modulation with TAK-044 and E5880 avoiding donor pretreatment can improve the viability of hepatic allografts procured from NHBDs.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma (Klatskin tumor). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective review of 63 patients who underwent surgical resection of Stage IVA Klatskin tumor. Of the 63 patients, 47 had microscopic tumor residue (RT1). Twenty-eight of the 47 patients with RT1 were treated by adjuvant radiotherapy and the remaining 19 patients were treated exclusively by surgical resection. Seventeen of the 28 patients with RT1 were treated by both intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT); of the remaining 11 patients with RT1, 6 underwent resection and IORT, and 5 underwent resection and PORT. RESULTS: The major complication and 30-day operative death rates were significantly lower in the radiation group (9.5% and 0.0%, respectively) than in the resection alone group (28.5% and 9.5%, respectively). Of the eight 5-year survivors with RT1, 6 had adjuvant radiotherapy and the remaining 2 had resection alone. Adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with RT1 yielded significantly (p = 0.0141) higher 5-year survival rates (33.9%) than in the resection alone group (13.5 %). The best 5-year survival rate (39.2 %) was found in patients who underwent a combination of IORT and PORT after resection. The local-regional control rate was significantly higher in the adjuvant radiation group than in the resection alone group (79.2% vs. 31.2%). CONCLUSION: Our data clearly suggest the improved prognosis of patients with locally advanced Klatskin tumor by integrated adjuvant radiotherapy with IORT and PORT to complete gross tumor resection with acceptable treatment mortality and morbidity.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Idiopathic calcifying pancreatitis in a Japanese pediatric patient.

We recently experienced a rare case of chronic pancreatitis in a 13-year-old Japanese boy. Recently, in hereditary pancreatitis patients, some mutations have been identified in the trypsinogen gene. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the same mutations could also be found in this patient. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products of his cationic and anionic trypsinogen genes were examined by direct sequence analysis. The gene analysis failed to show any mutation in any exons and their flanking intronic sequences of his trypsinogen genes. These findings indicate that the chronic calcifying pancreatitis in the present patient is "idiopathic", and thus a rare case of juvenile pancreatitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000