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Biomedical subjects

K Fuse

Publications and source records attributed to K Fuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Cerebral infarction after coronary artery bypass surgery--its cause, management and prevention].

Among 535 cases of simple CABG, cerebral infarction was complicated in 5 cases (0.9%). Their mean age (65.2 years old) was high, and 80% of them had the history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus or both. The causes of the cerebral infarction were considered to be the embolism of atheromatous debris from the ascending aorta (3 cases), the cerebral hypoperfusion due to cerebral arterial disease and hypotension during cardiopulmonary bypass (1 cases), and the embolism of the left atrial thrombus formed during repeated supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (1 case). Both cases of the multiple infarctions were lost in-hospital 10 months and 21 months postoperatively. Two of the three cases of single infarction suffered from the permanent neurological deficits. To prevent cerebral infarction which might totally deprive of the efficacy of the CABG, it is important to check and properly manage the atheromatous change of the ascending aorta, the cerebral arterial disease, and also postoperative supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of cases of cardiac surgery complicated with malignant neoplasms].

There were 10 (1.2%) cases of cardiac surgery complicated with malignant neoplasm among the total 863 cases of cardiac surgery in our hospital and 8 cases were treated also surgically against the neoplasms before and after the cardiac surgery. They all underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, and in one case concomitant mitral valve replacement and abdominal aortic aneurysm resection were carried out. The variety of the neoplasms in these cases were carcinomas of the stomach, pancreas, esophagus, renal pelvis, bile duct, colon and urinary bladder, and pleural mesothelioma. These patients were discharged without operative death or major complication, and there was only one evidence of recurrence among the eight cases treated surgically for the neoplasms. It was considered that patients who have critical cardiac problem also bearing neoplasmic combination could be treated excellently by means of both surgical measures.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of gastroepiploic artery graft.

The right gastroepiploic artery is being used as a third arterial conduit for coronary artery bypass surgery. Presented here is a case demonstrating successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of the gastroepiploic artery graft. This successful accomplishment may avoid repeat surgical revascularization in case of failure of the gastroepiploic artery graft, hence may encourage people to use it more often.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of coronary artery disease with poor left ventricular function: comparison of medical and surgical treatments in relation to the numbers of the diseased vessel].

The operative mortality and short-term (average 20 months) survival of 100 surgically or medically treated patients, who had coronary artery disease with poor left ventricular function, were examined. One hundred patients with myocardial infarction and radionuclide-documented left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF at rest less than or equal to 40%) were subjects of this study; 85 patients among them underwent simultaneous coronary arteriography. Fifty-six patients whose average age was 59.7 years, and an average LVEF was 30.0%, were treated medically; 44 patients with an average age of 56.0 years, and an average LVEF of 30.9%, were treated surgically, 41 with bypass grafts, two with left ventricular surgery, and one with both these procedures. The medically treated patients consisted of four groups. Group I comprised 15 patients, in whom coronary angiography was contraindicated. Their average age was 67.1 and an average LVEF was 26.2%, Group II, included six patients, who had no indication for surgery because of severely diseased distal coronary arteries. This group had an average age of 57.5 years and an average LVEF of 22.5%. There were one with two-vessel disease and five with three-vessel disease. Group III included five surgical candidates who refused surgery. Their average age and an LVEF were 67.0 and 35.0%, respectively. In this group, there were one with two-vessel disease and four with three-vessel disease. Group IV, comprised 22 patients who did not need surgical therapy. Their average age was 55.3 and average LVEF was 32.5%. They included 22 with one-vessel disease, seven with two-vessel disease and one with three-vessel disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of pectin on fatty acid and glucose absorption and on thickness of unstirred water layer in rat and human intestine.

Effects of pectin, a soluble dietary fiber, on fatty acid and glucose absorption were studied in vivo in rats and humans by perfusing the intestine with linoleic acid and glucose solutions with and without pectin. Linoleic acid and glucose absorption decreased with increasing concentrations of pectin. The reduction in linoleic acid absorption was not caused by binding of linoleic acids by pectin or impaired micelle formation due to binding of bile acid by pectin. The unstirred water layer expanded with increasing concentrations of pectin. These results suggest that enlargement of the unstirred water layer is closely associated with the reduction of absorption of fatty acid and glucose ingested with pectin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of feeding a small-peptide elemental diet on amino acid absorption and its mechanism--study by measuring the transmural potential difference in guinea-pig small intestine].

The effect of feeding a small-peptide elemental diet on brush border membrane aminopeptidase activities and amino acid absorption in guinea-pigs was investigated. The latter effect and its mechanism were studied by measuring the transmural potential difference. Aminopeptidase activities on brush border membrane were significantly higher in the group fed a small-peptide elemental diet (SP group) than in the group fed an amino acids elemental diet (AA group). In the SP group, the absorption of both glycyl-L-leucine and L-leucine was greater than that in the AA group. The increase of delta PDmax of L-leucine in the SP group indicated that the acceleration of mucosal uptake of an amino acid in the SP group was due to an increased number of carriers.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

[Coronary artery bypass surgery in hemodialysis-dependent patients].

Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed in three cases of hemodialysis-dependent patients. Extracorporeal ultrafiltration method (ECUM) during cardiopulmonary bypass was useful to control water and electrolyte balance. Partial blood reperfusion (PBR) method was employed in post-operative hemodialysis, which proved to be effective not only to minimize hemodynamic deterioration but also to prevent the induction of bleeding tendency. Hemofiltration on the first post-operative day would be recommendable in poor-risk patients to eliminate excessive intravascular fluid which is returned from the third space.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Coronary artery spasm during coronary artery bypass surgery: its diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

Between 1982 and 1983, we experienced four cases of hemodynamic collapse accompanied by an ST-segment depression in the ECG lead II, shortly after the cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass. The bypass graft flows monitored in these patients during the hemodynamic collapse episodes were remarkably low. In three cases, nitroglycerin (0.5-1 mg) was injected directly into the vein graft, which increased the graft flow suddenly, returned the ST-segment to the baseline, and improved the circulatory condition. Since 1984, however, diltiazem has been used in the cardioplegic solution and postoperative drip infusion. Due to the introduction of this drug, coronary artery spasm has not been seen in any of our patients since. These findings show that the monitoring of ST-segment changes and bypass graft flows are useful in the early diagnosis of coronary artery spasm after myocardial revascularization. Direct infusion of nitroglycerin into the vein graft is effective for the treatment of spasm, while diltiazem is useful in the prevention of coronary artery spasm incidental to myocardial revascularization.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1988

Sex chromatin analysis of lymphocytes invading host organs in transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease.

We report a method of sex chromatin analysis of lymphocytes separated from host organs in transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which enabled the demonstration of invasion by donor lymphocytes. The lymphocytes examined were separated from deparaffinized tissue blocks of skin, spleen and bone marrow from two female patients with transfusion-associated GVHD by incubation in 0.5% pepsin. The tissues had been removed at autopsy and fixed in formalin. Sex chromatin analysis was performed by fluorescence microscopy on separated lymphocytes stained with 0.005% quinacrine dihydrochloride. By this means Y chromatin-positive (i.e. male) lymphocytes were demonstrated in the skin, spleen and bone marrow of both female patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Early and late results of coronary artery bypass grafting in the elderly.

This study is a review of our experience with elderly patients, who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Of 357 patients who underwent elective CABG from April 1982 to May 1986, 50 patients (14.0%) were 65 years old or older. The incidence of preoperative cardiac conditions in the elderly was almost the same as that in patients less than 65 years of age. The incidence of noncardiac preoperative conditions in the older patients, such as diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, concomitant malignant disease, atherosclerotic lesion of the ascending aorta, was significantly higher than that in the younger age group. Early surgical mortality was 4.0% (2 cases) in the older group, and 1.3% (4 cases) in the younger group. There was no significant difference in statistics. The incidence of major postoperative complications was not significantly different between the two age groups, except that of cerebral infarction, which was significantly higher in the elderly group (6.0% vs 0.3%, p less than 0.001). The rate of a long postoperative hospital stay was also significantly higher in the older group (43.8% vs 30.0%, p less than 0.05). Long-term results, such as late mortality, symptom-free rate and graft patency, showed no significant differences between the two age groups. It is concluded that CABG can be performed in selected older patients with relatively low mortality and morbidity. Special attention should be paid to prevent perioperative cerebral infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Morphometrical study on prognosis of stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma].

The prognostic significance of morphometry in stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma had been examined in Papanicolaou-stained bronchial brushings, using an image analyzer. The data of long-term survivors (LTS), alive for more than 5 years, and short-term survivors (STS), who had died within 5 years, were compared. LTS were found to have a smaller nuclear area, a shorter nuclear perimeter, and a smaller nucleolar area than those of the STS. The nuclear size is considered important in any histological subtypes. The variation index of the nuclear area, the nuclear circularity, and the number of nucleoli did not differ between the two groups. These results would seem to be useful in determining the prognosis and the indication type of adjuvant therapy to be used in surgical operations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[A case of A-V fistula with severe hemolysis following internal jugular venipuncture].

Severe hemoglobinuria was observed in a case with abdominal aortic aneurysm on the 23rd postoperative day. The typical continuous murmur was heard on the right upper chest, and IADSA revealed an A-V fistula connecting between the right subclavian artery and the internal jugular vein. This A-V fistula was thought to have been caused by an inadvertent arteriopuncture during the central venous cannulation at the time of the operation. Poloxamer 188 (a non-ionic surfactant) and haptoglobin were given intravenously, and they proved to be quite effective in improving intravascular mechanical hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. A division of the A-V fistula was done successfully, which was facilitated by the median sternotomy combined with the extension of the skin incision to the neck. It cannot be overemphasized that utmost care should be taken to prevent any complication at the time of the central venous cannulation.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗