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Biomedical subjects

K Glover

Publications and source records attributed to K Glover.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

ET-743 (PharmaMar/NCI/Ortho Biotech).

Ecteinascidin-743 (ET-743), a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Caribbean tunicate, Ecteinascidia turbinata, is under development by PharmaMar (the pharmaceutical subsidiary of Zeltia), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Ortho Biotech, as a potential treatment for several tumor types including breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and melanoma. It appears to function by DNA minor groove alkylation, which induces topoisomerase I-mediated protein-linked DNA strand breakage [322446]. ET-743 is an analog of ET-729 [169825]. As of February 1999, it was in phase II trials [326363], [326268], [375811] and, in August 2001, PharmaMar expected phase II trials for breast, ovarian and non-small cell lung cancer to be completed by August 2002 [423408]. In June 2001, the EMEA awarded ET-743 Orphan Drug status for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma [412446]. The orphan medicinal product designation is designed to expedite the registration of pharmaceuticals for life-threatening or debilitating conditions with low prevalence (< 5 per 10,000 in the EU), for which no satisfactory treatment exists. The designation offers the sponsor several incentives, such as centralized procedure review of the Marketing Authorization Application and, upon approval, ten-year marketing exclusivity throughout Europe for the therapeutic indication for which it was granted. PharmaMar is also collaborating with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC); PharmaMar has obtained the worldwide rights to ET-743, amongst other ecteinascidins, from the University of Illinois [177268]. In August 2001, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein predicted total sales, for all ET-743's indications, of $1 million in 2002, rising through $1106 million in 2007 to $2725 million in 2011 [423408].

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Correlations between condylar characteristics and facial morphology in Class II preadolescent patients.

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine correlations between condylar characteristics measured from preorthodontic tomograms of preadolescents and their facial morphologic characteristics. The sample consisted of 136 patients displaying a Class II malocclusion, a vertical or horizontal skeletal growth tendency, and ranging in age between 10 years 0 months and 12 years 6 months for males and 9 years 0 months and 11 years 6 months for females. Two groups were established: the vertical group had 68 patients, 36 males and 32 females, (average pretreatment age, 11 years 0 months); the horizontal group also had 68 patients, 29 males and 39 females, their average pretreatment age was 10 years 9 months. The central cut of axially corrected lateral tomograms of the left and right temporomandibular joints for each group was randomized, blinded, and traced for condyle/fossa measurements including: anterior, superior and posterior joint space; condylar head and posterior condylar ramus inclination; condylar neck width; and condylar shape and condylar surface area. A logistic discriminant analysis with significance values set at p < 0.05 was used to determine the most reliable condylar characteristics to predict facial morphology. A cluster analysis was completed on the significant variables to form three clusters. Numeric ranges separating these clusters were then calculated. Chi-square tests measures of association were computed for significant variables and tested for associations between facial morphologic characteristics. Condylar head inclination and superior joint space proved to be significantly correlated to facial morphology (p values ranged from 0.010 to 0.018). Patients with vertical facial morphologic characteristics displayed decreased superior joint spaces and posteriorly angled condyles. Increased superior joint spaces and anteriorly angled condyles were significantly correlated to patients with a horizontal facial morphology. No significant correlations between the other condylar characteristics and facial morphology were determined.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

Age limitation on provision of orthopedic therapy and orthognathic surgery.

Canadian orthodontists were surveyed by mail to determine the latest skeletal age at which they would recommend orthopedic therapy and orthognathic surgery and the earliest at which they would recommend orthognathic surgery. For the purposes of this introductory study, orthopedic therapy implied stimulation of physiologic response using appliance force, without specification of appliance type. Response rate from 512 orthodontists was 65% (n = 334), with the response rate by item varying from 92% to 95%. By Greulich and Pyle standards, the latest recommended age for orthopedic therapy was at 97% completion of skeletal growth (females 13.5 years, males 15 years), whereas the earliest recommended age for orthognathic surgery was when skeletal growth is 99% complete (females 14.9 years, males 16.5 years). Surgery would be recommended by 32% of respondents for a patient before the age of 8 years, if deformity is severe. For orthognathic surgery, respondents either perceived no age maximum or recommended 69 years, the maximum age on the questionnaire item. Orthodontists' traits influenced recommendations for timing treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Condyle displacement associated with premolar extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment of Class I malocclusion.

This study assessed condyle position change with premolar extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment in Class I malocclusions. Axially corrected pretreatment and posttreatment tomograms were obtained in 22 extraction and 13 nonextraction cases. Tomographic images were randomized and blinded for joint space measurement. A total of 27 linear anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces were obtained from each tomogram and averaged. Comparisons of pretreatment and posttreatment joint spaces between groups were done by t test (pool variance estimate) with p < 0.05. Left and right anterior joint spaces were significantly increased during orthodontic treatment of the nonextraction group. No other significant changes in condyle position were determined in either group. There were no significant correlations between mean joint space changes with length of Class II elastic wear. There was no significant difference in condyle position change with extraction space closure using closing arch wires compared with elastic chain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Shear/peel bond strength of repositioned ceramic brackets.

Improper orthodontic bracket position may necessitate bracket removal and rebonding to establish correct bracket position. This procedure is necessary to use efficient orthodontic mechanics. The purpose of the study was to investigate (1) the amount of bonding resin remaining on single crystal bracket bases following electrothermal debonding, and (2) the bond strength of rebonded single crystal ceramic brackets under different treatment conditions. The bases of debonded, single crystal ceramic brackets (n = 100) were inspected for resin, classified with an adaptation of the adhesive remnant index (ARI), and evenly assigned to four experimental groups (n = 25). Groups were (1) silane coupling agent, (2) heat plus silane coupling agent, (3) hydrofluoric acid plus silane coupling agent, and (4) heat plus hydrofluoric acid plus silane coupling agent. An additional group of brackets not previously bonded was used as the control (n = 25). The brackets were bonded to 125 fresh bovine teeth. A force was applied 1 mm from the bracket-resin interface by a testing machine. The force measured in this experiment was shear/peel and the ratio of shear to peel was 0.53. The AI index showed 79% of the brackets had no resin on their bases. The shear/peel bond strnegth was significantly greater for the control group than all other groups (P < 0.01). Treatment of electrothermally debonded ceramic brackets with silane or heat plus silane resulted in bond strength greater than 9 MPa. The use of hydrofluoric acid significantly reduced the bond strength below 2 MPa.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1994

Immunosuppressive proteins secreted by the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus.

Experiments are described in which the conditions for the production, assay and isolation of immunomodulatory factors from the excretory-secretory (ES) products of Heligmosomoides polygyrus have been standardized. For the inhibition of an in vitro antibody response to keyhole limpet haemocyanin, immunosuppressive activity was most reproducibly produced by 10-20-day-old adult worms maintained in culture for 24 h. This activity was relatively stable at room temperature, at 50 degrees C and pH 2, but was destroyed by boiling. Immunosuppressive activity was eluted from Sephadex G-100 in fractions preceding those containing the bulk of ES proteins, and resolved on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with molecular masses of 67, 54 and 20 kDa. The relative purity of these factors was confirmed by iso-electric focusing, where immunosuppressive activity was associated with proteins of pI values of approximately 4.2 and 4.35.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of anterior cross-bites in the early mixed dentition.

The diagnosis and treatment of anterior cross-bites are described by categorizing anterior cross-bites into three groups. Appropriate appliance therapy is described in sufficient detail to enable the general dental practitioner to provide interventional treatment.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1989

Let's get physical.

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Allied Health Personnel↗