Biomedical subjects
K Goodwin
Publications and source records attributed to K Goodwin.
Advice for business travel: the wider picture.
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Sitting a transverse colostomy.
Traditional teaching suggests that a transverse colostomy should be sited in the right upper quadrant. This study of 67 colostomies (26 right upper quadrant and 41 right iliac fossa) indicates that they should be placed in the optimum position for each patient, which is usually the right iliac fossa.
An insight into patient satisfaction. Evaluation of a stoma care service.
Stoma care nursing aims to put patient needs first. A questionnaire was devised by a stoma care nurse to assess her patients' satisfaction with the service provided, enabling changes to be made according to users' specified needs.
Benylin dependence, metabolic acidosis and hyperglycaemia.
We describe a patient who had consumed large quantities of a proprietary cough mixture containing diphenhydramine, ammonium chloride and sodium citrate (Benylin expectorant) daily for several months and subsequently presented with confusion, marked metabolic acidosis and non-ketotic hyperglycaemia.
Characterisation of sodium-dependent uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine into guinea-pig brain.
The uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was studied using isolated nerve endings (synaptosomes) prepared from the corpus striatum of the guinea pig. Analysis of temperature-dependent uptake revealed that two processes were involved, a sodium-dependent and sodium-independent mechanism. Kinetic studies indicated that the affinity of 5-HT (Ku) and the transport capacity (Vu) of the uptake process were dependent upon the external concentration of sodium. The transport capacity increased linearly with increasing concentrations of sodium up to 140 mmol/l, whereas the affinity for 5-HT was enhanced at concentrations of sodium up to 100 mmol/l, but reduced at 130 mmol/l sodium. The findings of this study suggest that uptake of 5-HT occurs as a result of a mobile carrier transport system which, depending upon the external concentration of sodium proceeds by a single or double displacement mechanism.
Use of repeated matings to estimate environmental and genetic trends and effects of relaxing selection in a selected strain of Leghorn chickens.
Response from index selection for egg production traits in a Leghorn strain over 7 years was partitioned into estimates of total (delta T), temporary (delta R), and net genetic (delta G) response, by producing progeny from selected (A) and unselected (D) first year breeders and from second year breeders (B) and first year full-sisters of previous years A breeders (C). In A, B, C, and D populations, average yearly number of full-sib families was 121, 47, 37, and about 50 and of birds with complete records was 824, 287, 258, and 298. Restricting A to repeated B families added positive bias in delta G for viability, age at first egg, and rate of lay. Estimates of delta G and delta R from B and C populations were similar. Yearly environmental change (delta E) was over three times the phenotypic change (delta P) for egg numbers, emphasizing necessity for intra-year estimates of delta G and delta R. Temporary response (delta R) approached or exceeded total response (delta T) for mortality and accounted for 40% of delta T for rate of lay and 60% for economic index, suggesting adverse maternal environmental effects from relaxing selection (D). Net yearly genetic change (delta G) was 1.5% for rate of lay, $.18 per bird, and in desired direction for most traits. Estimated net yearly response for rate of lay exceeded that predicted from .64 sigma male and .92 sigma female index selection differentials and sire-component genetic parameters (.6%) but agreed ($.16) for economic index. Efficiency and bias for the repeat-mating design are handicapped by mortality and health-related maternal effects.
Clinical evidence for neurochemical adaptation to psychotrophic drugs [proceedings].
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Autosensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to its own pyocin.
Sensitivity of smooth and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from the same patient to their own pyocins was found to be greater at 20 than at 35 C.
Is bipolar disorder still underdiagnosed? Are antidepressants overutilized?
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that bipolar disorder may be underdiagnosed, and that antidepressants may be over-utilized in its treatment. METHODS: Consecutively admitted patients (n =48) diagnosed with DSM-IV bipolar disorder, type I, (n = 44) or schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type, (n = 4) were interviewed systematically and their charts were reviewed to confirm diagnosis before admission. They were then treated according to systematic structured interview diagnoses. These data reflect the changes in diagnoses and treatment. RESULTS: 40% (19/48) were identified with previously undiagnosed bipolar disorder, all previously diagnosed with unipolar major depressive disorder. A period of 7.5+/-9.8 years elapsed in this group before bipolar diagnosis was made. Antidepressant use was high on admission (38%) and was reduced with acceptable treatment response rates. The adjunctive use of risperidone appeared to be a good treatment alternative. LIMITATIONS: While diagnoses were made prospectively, treatment response was assessed retrospectively, and was based on non-randomized, naturalistic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Systematic application of DSM-IV criteria identified previously undiagnosed bipolar disorder in 40% of a referred population of patients with mood disorders, all previously misdiagnosed as unipolar major depressive disorder. Antidepressants appeared overutilized and risperidone was an effective alternative adjunctive therapy agent.
The environment and problems in selection for disease resistance in the fowl.
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States grapple with nurse shortages.
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Eradication of subgroups A and B lymphoid leukosis virus from commercial poultry breeding flocks.
A specific-pathogen-free pedigreed breeding population of White Leghorns was determined to be free of lymphoid leukosis subgroups (LL-A and LL-B) on the basis of the standard resistance-inducing factor (RIF) test of sera of individual birds. The fourth pedigreed generation (G-4) was the first to test free of viruses of both sub-groups. In three subsequent pedigreed generations (G-5 through G-7) no viremic birds were found. The RIF test of sera was also used to detect carriers infected with LL-A and LL-B in sample populations of commercial broiler, brown-egg layer, and other White Leghorn breeding lines. When only known nonviremic dams were used for reproduction, in only one instance were viremic birds detected in samples of their progeny in succeeding generations. Some implications for a virus-free breeding program are discussed.