Biomedical subjects

K Grünewald

Publications and source records attributed to K Grünewald.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

Urinary neopterine in the assessment of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasia, and neopterine levels in haemolytic anaemia and benign monoclonal gammopathy.

The urinary neopterine levels were measured by HPLC in 417 normal subjects and in 216 patients with haematological diseases. All patients with active malignancies (multiple myeloma, polycythaemia vera. Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic myelocytic and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) showed highly elevated mean and median values compared to the control groups. Those of patients with multiple myeloma stage I were only raised to near the upper limit of healthy subjects. Of 123 patients with active disease 105 (85%) were above the upper limit. In contrast, the mean and median values of 56 patients with neoplasias in remission (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute leukemia and multiple myeloma) were not different from those of healthy subjects, and only 7 (12.5%) of these patients had levels above the upper limit. In patients with non-malignant diseases (haemolytic anaemia and benign monoclonal paraproteinaemia) the mean and median values were not raised. In patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the neopterine levels corresponded with the tumor stage. The present data suggest tht neopterine assay may supplement laboratory measurements in haematological diseases, providing helpful information.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Urinary neopterine as marker for haematological neoplasias.

Urinary neopterine levels were studied in 79 normal subjects and in 112 patients with haematological neoplasias. The mean values in 79 patients with active disease were significantly raised compared to the control group. Results obtained in 79 patients with active disease indicate that 91% had neopterine levels higher than the mean value of 79 normal individuals +3 SD. There is only a little overlap between the range of neopterine levels in cancer patients and the range in healthy subjects. No significant difference was found between the mean urinary neopterine levels of 33 patients with non-Hodgkin's or with Hodgkin's lymphoma in remission and the healthy group. Only 15% of these patients had elevated neopterine levels. The mean urinary neopterine levels correlated well with the tumor stage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and with non-Hodgkin's disease. In patients with chronic leukaemia those without hepatosplenomegaly excreted significantly more neopterine than controls, and patients with hepatosplenomegaly significantly more than those without hepatosplenomegaly. It is concluded that urinary neopterine levels are of value for following the progression of haematological neoplasias.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

[Therapeutic strategies in the treatment of breast cancer (author's transl)].

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women. The probability of being cured of this disease is below 50%. However, for certain stages of disease prognosis can be improved by the application of modern therapeutic strategies. The present paper deals firstly with the relationship between prognosis, staging, and tumour cell characteristics (receptor status and cell kinetic findings). Thereafter, selection and efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy and endocrine treatment is discussed and related to the prognostic different entities. The current therapeutic regimen of our group is outlined.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

[Lung cancer: present concepts of treatment].

The role of the various treatment modalities of bronchial carcinoma in respect to clinical stage and histology is described. Criteria to select patients for surgical treatment and for radiotherapy with curative or palliative intent are discussed. The present state of cytotoxic therapy in respect to adjuvant treatment as well as its use in metastatic disease is summarized. In small cell carcinoma combination chemotherapy may result not only in palliation, but in an improved survival in a high percentage of patients. Recommended protocols, remission rates and the long-term prognosis of treated patients are summarized.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1979

[Aplastic anemias].

In the first part of this review diagnostic criteria and prognostic factors are summarized. The results of bone marrow culture with particular reference to the pathophysiology of this disease, are discussed. Finally, the conventional therapeutic approaches are summarized and recent developments in experimental treatment modalities are discussed.

Anemia, Aplastic↗

PubMed1978

[Dacarbacine (DTIC) in the therapy of a malignant disease. A review (author's transl)].

Indications and results are reviewed with regard to recent data on the effect of DTIC in patients with malignant melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas, Hodgkin's disease, gastrointestinal carcinomas and oat cell cancer of the lung. Whilst this drug induced--mainly partial--remissions in 25% of the patients with melanomas, it is generally used in other malignant conditions in combination with other cytoxic agents. In soft tissue sarcomas adriamycin appeared as the principal additional drug. In patients with Hodgkin's disease resistant to MOPP treatment and requiring additional cytotoxic drugs, combination chemotherapy including DTIC may induce remissions in more than half of these patients. Other schedules were, however, also effective and results in this difficult group of patients are discussed and compared. In gastrointestinal and in oat cell carcinomas cytotoxic protocols including DTIC have shown some effect, perhaps comparable to other combinations usually employed in these conditions.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1976

[Behavior of vasomotor tonus after lung autotransplantation].

In eight lung autotransplants and six normal lungs the vasomotor activity was tested with norepinephrine and acetylcholine. In autotransplants and normal lungs both substances elicit the same effects. The long-term interruption of the central innervation does not provoke a vasoconstriction in lung autotransplants.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1975

[Dopamine effects on the pulmonary circulation of innervated and autotransplanted lungs (author's transl)].

The effects of dopamine on the pulmonary vascular resistance were investigated in 7 normal and 9 autotransplanted canine lungs during perfusion in situ. Dopamine (up to 13,5 gamma/kg BW, rapid injection) acts as a vasoconstrictor by alpha-receptor stimulation. Vasodilative effects could not be registered neither by very small amounts of dopamine nor during alpha-blockade with phentolamine. No difference could be detected between the vascular reactions of normal and autotransplanted lungs.

Animals↗