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Biomedical subjects

K Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to K Gupta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Needle aspiration cytology, immunocytochemistry, and electron microscopy in a rare case of secretory carcinoma of the breast in an elderly woman.

Needle aspiration was performed on a breast mass in a 91-year-old woman. The cytologic features in the aspirate were a diffuse, prominent, intracytoplasmic vacuolization and secretion in malignant cells and occasional signet ring-like forms. This was confirmed in a subsequent cell block which was made from the aspirate. Immunocytochemical studies showed a positivity for mucin by alcian blue stain in the vacuolated cells which was periodic acid-Schiff positive and resistant to diastase digestion. Oil-red-O staining was negative and on Colloidal iron stain the tumour cells were positive. Immunopositivity to carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin, and epithelial membrane antigen was found in the malignant cells, while on electron microscopy the tumour cells contained a significant amount of intracytoplasmic secretory material. Secretory carcinoma of the breast is a rare tumour and can be diagnosed and differentiated from other breast carcinomas in view of its characteristic cytologic features.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Postoperative analgesia with extradural buprenorphine and pentazocine.

A randomised study of the efficacy, duration of action and side-effects of two analgesic regimens following lower abdominal surgery is described. Patients received extradural pentazocine 30 mg or extradural buprenorphine 0.3 mg to provide postoperative analgesia. Interval for the next analgesia was significantly greater after extradural buprenorphine (18.96 hours) than after extradural pentazocine (8.39 hours) (p less than 0.001). No serious side-effects were reported.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1990

Thoracic stomach: comparative evaluation of endoscopy, gastric aspirate analysis and hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the diagnosis of duodeno-gastric reflux.

Twenty patients with thoracic stomach were subjected to hepatobiliary scintigraphy for the diagnosis of duodenogastric reflux. The results of the radionuclide studies were correlated with those of endoscopy and biochemical estimation of total intragastric bile acid. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy was found to be more sensitive (91.6%) and accurate (95%) than endoscopy (25% and 55% respectively) and biochemical estimation of total intragastric bile acid content (66.6% and 80% respectively). Being noninvasive and physiological, radionuclide study appears suitable for routine clinical use in the diagnosis of duodeno-gastric reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Sexual dysfunction in elderly women.

Sex and sexuality in old age have been traditionally viewed as immoral, inappropriate, and even sinful. It is only in recent years that the sexual function of aging men and women has been recognized as an integral part of the total well-being of elderly individuals. Continuing sexual wellbeing in senescence can, of course, be one of the few remaining pleasures of life for the older person.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Phototherapy for seasonal major depressive disorder: effectiveness of bright light of high or low intensity.

Eleven females and five males with fall/winter seasonal affective disorder were randomly assigned to 7-day treatment regimens from 8 p.m. to 10 p.m. using identical light at 2000 or 300 lux. A modified Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and a Beck Depression Inventory were administered before treatment, after treatment # 7, and 2 weeks after phototherapy was terminated. Analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed a significant interaction between sex of the patient, intensity of the lights, and day of rating for scores on both the modified Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Beck Depression Inventory. For both measures, the interaction occurred because all groups showed a decrease in depression ratings during the phototherapy exposure period, but only females at the higher intensity continued to have low depression scores 2 weeks after light treatment had stopped. These data indicate that bright light at both high (2000 lux) and low (300 lux) intensities is able to reduce depression in patients with seasonal affective disorder. The data also indicate that both sex of the patient and intensity of the light may interact to determine the latency to relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of Lugol's iodine on the vascularity of thyroid gland in hyperthyroidism.

Vascularity of the thyroid gland was measured in twenty thyrotoxic patients (including Graves and multinodular goitres) and eight normal subjects by a new objective parameter--'Thyroid Vascularity Index' (TVI). The TVI was calculated by comparing the areas under the normalized thyroid and carotid artery curves up to the time of peak of the arterial curve caused by the first passage of a radioactive bolus. Compared to normal thyroid, all the toxic goitres had increased TVI (p less than 0.001); it being maximum in Graves disease (p less than 0.05). TVI in Graves disease was not affected by carbimazole therapy but decreased dramatically in eight out of ten patients (p less than 0.01) two weeks after Lugol's iodine was added. There was a sustained fall in TVI in all the ten patients (p less than 0.001) with chronic iodine therapy up to six weeks without any hormonal escape. TVI in multinodular goitres showed no significance change with carbimazole or iodine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A cis-acting element in the promoter region of the murine c-myc gene is necessary for transcriptional block.

A block to elongation of transcription has been shown to occur within the first exon of the human and murine c-myc genes. The extent of this block was found to vary with the physiological state of cells, indicating that modulation of the transcriptional block can serve to control the expression of this gene. To determine which sequences are required in cis for the transcriptional block, we generated a series of constructs containing various portions of murine c-myc 5'-flanking and exon 1 sequences. We established populations of HeLa and CV-1 cells stably transfected with these constructs. The transcription start sites were determined by S1 nuclease mapping analysis, and the extent of transcriptional block was measured by nuclear run-on transcription assays. Our results demonstrate that at least two cis-acting elements are necessary for the transcriptional block. A 3' element was found to be located in the region where transcription stopped and showed features reminiscent of some termination sites found in procaryotes. A 5' element was positioned between the P1 and P2 (C. Asselin, A. Nepveu, and K. B. Marcu, Oncogene 4:549-558, 1989). Removal of the more 3' binding site abolished the transcriptional block.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Value of visits by a geriatrician to elderly patients in a psychiatric hospital.

Most elderly patients have a combination of psychiatric and medical problems and are therefore best treated in wards managed by both a psychiatrist and a geriatrician in psycho-geriatric units. Since in most countries only a small number of such units exist the geriatrician can play a significant role in the management of medical problems of elderly patients by reviewing them regularly in psychiatric hospitals. The results of one such arrangement where a geriatrician was involved in the weekly review of the elderly mentally infirm patients are described.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Significance of transplant perfusion index in the diagnosis of acute rejection in live related renal allograft recipients.

The study was undertaken to assess the usefulness of transplant perfusion index (TPI) in the differential diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction with special reference to acute rejection. It was observed that the TPI has a sensitivity of 100 per cent and specificity of 98.1 per cent in the diagnosis of acute rejection. It was also observed that the serial values of TPI provided valuable clues and guide in the management of transplant dysfunction and helped in the immediate and long term follow-up of patients with renal allografts.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Analysis of spontaneous mutations in a chromosomally located HSV-1 thymidine kinase (TK) gene in a human cell line.

We have developed a system for studying spontaneous mutations at a chromosomally located single-copy HSV-1 thymidine kinase (TK) gene in the human 143 TK- cell line. The neo gene, which confers resistance to the antibiotic G418, was placed next to the TK gene for the purpose of screening out gross chromosomal alterations. TK- mutations were selected using the anti-TK nucleotide analogs trifluorothymidine, acyclovir, and DHPG 9-(1,3 dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-guanine either separately, or in combination to eliminate leaky mutations. Analysis of the TK- mutations by Southern blotting revealed that the majority had undetectable alterations of less than 50 base pairs. The results using the methylation-sensitive enzymes HpaII, AvaI, and SmaI suggest that the inactivation of the TK gene was not due to extensive methylation, although specific methylation of a limited number of MspI sites cannot be ruled out. Reversion studies, however, showed that of 16 mutants analyzed, about half had a very high reversion frequency (approximately 10(-2). This suggests that inactivation of the TK gene may have occurred by a variety of mutational events.

Cell Line↗