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K H Kurth

Publications and source records attributed to K H Kurth.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Current status of intravesical chemotherapy trials in the EORTC Urological Group. An overview.

The EORTC Urological Group is one of the 31 clinical groups and working parties within the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Intravesical chemotherapy has been used as chemoresection or chemoprophylaxis. Chemoresection has mainly been utilized in phase II studies to demonstrate ablation of existing disease and to study the mechanism of drug action. These studies are usually performed by individual members to obtain relevant information for the preparation of randomized trials. One example is a phase II chemoresection study with 4'-epi-doxorubicin (EPR). The EORTC GU Group extended its phase II trials to study remission in patients with primary carcinoma in situ. A new concept introduced in the prospective, randomized phase III trials includes the evaluation of chemoresection of a marker lesion as a prognostic factor in long-term prophylactic treatment. Chemoprophylaxis in the phase III trials aims to study the disease-free period, the recurrence rate and the long-term survival. So far, a series of five phase III trials, totaling more than 2,000 patients, demonstrated the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis to reduce tumor recurrence rates. The variation in the results of the different trials are due more to the prognostic factors (characteristics of the tumors) than to the related efficacy of the chemoprophylactic drugs. The selection of currently employed drugs, Mitomycin C, Epirubicin and BCG, is based on reported results, lack of toxicity, and drug availability in Europe. The data collected will be of great importance to determine the optimal clinical management of superficial bladder cancer.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

Expression of proto-oncogenes in xenografts of human renal cell carcinomas.

In a recent paper, we described the expression pattern of proto-oncogenes in primary human renal cell carcinoma [12]. To test the possibility of using xenografts as a useful alternative for such studies, we analyzed xenografts of a number of human renal cell carcinomas in nu/nu mice. Xenografts included RC2, RC14, RC21, RC43 and NC65. Northern blot analysis indicated that c-Ras was expressed in all these xenografts. The identity of the ras transcripts in the individual xenografts was further specified as c-Ha-ras, c-Ki-ras or N-ras. Expression of c-myc and the p53 gene was also found in a number of these tumors. Only RC21 failed to express the c-myc or the p53 gene. In all xenografts, a 3.0 kb c-fes/fps mRNA was present. In RC2, RC14, RC21 and RC43, low levels of the 4.8 kb ab 1 transcript were detectable. Transcripts of myb and sis could not be detected in any of the xenografts. The results indicated that the expression pattern of a variety of proto-oncogenes in xenografts of human renal cell carcinomas was similar to that in the primary tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Surgical treatment of locally advanced (T3) prostatic carcinoma: early results.

The fate of 48 patients with clinical stage T3 prostatic carcinoma after attempted curative surgical management was studied. In 23 of these patients positive frozen sections of the lymph nodes were found at pelvic lymphadenectomy and orchiectomy was performed. The median interval to progression was 61 months. Radical prostatectomy was performed in the remaining 25 patients. In 4 of these patients positive lymph nodes were found on paraffin sections but no additional treatment was given. Over-all, total tumor removal as defined by negative lymph nodes and negative margins of resection could be achieved in 14 of the 48 patients (29 per cent). During the same period 34 patients with clinical state T less than 3 prostatic carcinoma were treated in a similar manner. Orchiectomy was done in 4 patients because of positive frozen sections of the lymph nodes and radical prostatectomy was done in 30, including 1 in whom positive paraffin sections of the lymph nodes were found but no additional treatment was given. An attempt was made to study the impact of several prognostic factors by comparing the probability of progression between patients with stage pT3 disease with (T3pT3N0) or without (T less than 3pT3N0) extracapsular tumor growth as determined by preoperative rectal examination (36 versus 27 per cent progression at 3 years), with or without positive margins of resection (45 versus 20 per cent progression at 3 years) and with or without involvement of the seminal vesicles (47 versus 18 per cent progression at 3 years). Our results suggest that a certain proportion of patients with clinical stage T3 disease will benefit from radical prostatectomy. This is to be expected especially in patients with stage T3pT3N0 cancer and negative margins.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Autologous anticancer antigen preparation for specific immunotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

33 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were treated intradermally with an autologous (29 patients) or allogeneic (4 patients) irradiated tumor cell preparation mixed with Corynebacterium parvum given monthly after palliative nephrectomy (27 patients) or excision of tumor metastases (2 patients). No significant toxicity was produced. 8 patients (24%) underwent objective responses. Responding patients had a median survival of 32 months, the median survival of all patients was 17 months (differences not significant).

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Embolization and postinfarction nephrectomy in patients with primary metastatic renal adenocarcinoma.

In a phase-II study of the EORTC GU Group 34 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were treated by angioinfarction and delayed nephrectomy. The mortality of the procedure was 5.8%. One patient had a complete remission. 80% of the patients showed progression within 6 months after nephrectomy. The median survival of the patients was 25 weeks, 65% of the patients died within 1 year after nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Growth of human renal carcinoma in soft agar colony formation assays measured by computer-assisted volume analysis.

Technical methods for assessing the growth and chemotherapy sensitivity of human tumor cells growing in soft-agar culture have been less than ideal. Within the past year, there have been reports of studying the extent of growth of human tumor cells in these cultures by quantitating the change in cumulative volume for the growth units observed. The present report describes the results of computer-assisted volume analysis applied to soft-agar cultures of cells from 74 primary renal cell carcinomas, 14 primary transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis, and four different human renal cell carcinoma xenografts. The extent of growth in vitro observed for cells from freshly excised human renal tumors showed the expected and statistically significant relationship to tumor grade and stage. The renal cell carcinoma xenografts proliferated to a much greater extent in vitro than the cells from freshly excised human renal carcinomas. The fundamental growth limit of 10(9) micron. cumulative growth unit volume per plate was confirmed by this series of experiments. Computer-assisted volume analysis appears to be a useful method to study the growth of freshly excised human renal carcinoma cells in vitro.

Agar↗
PubMed1986

Benign prostatic hyperplasia treated by castration or the LH-RH analogue buserelin: a report on 6 cases.

This article presents the clinical data of 5 patients treated by castration and 1 patient treated with an LH-RH analogue to relieve chronic urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Besides the clinical data related to prostatism, prostatic volume was studied in 4 of the 5 patients by means of transrectal ultrasonography. All 5 patients showed a marked decrease of prostatic volume, which averaged 31.4% (range 19-55%) after 2-3 months. This correlated well with a relief of urinary obstruction. In all 5 patients, the indwelling catheters could be removed, symptoms decreased or disappeared and all 5 patients became free of residual urine. LH-RH analogues, because of the reversibility of their effect, may be more acceptable for the treatment of BPH than castration. At this moment however, it remains unknown whether prostatic volume will increase again after cessation of androgen withdrawal.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Renal function, serum calcium and magnesium during treatment of advanced bladder carcinoma with cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum: impact of tumour site, patient age and magnesium suppletion.

In a group of ten patients, treated with cisplatin for advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, renal function deteriorated in six. In a group of 28 patients, treated with cisplatin for tumours outside the urinary tract, renal function was impaired in 14 (50%). Renal function deterioration occurred more frequently in later life. Localization of the primary tumour in the urinary tract does not seem to predispose to renal function impairment. In contrast with reports in the literature, there was a significant decrease in serum calcium levels in spite of magnesium suppletion and normal serum magnesium levels. These calcium levels spontaneously returned to normal some months after the last treatment course with cisplatin.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Adjuvant chemotherapy of superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma: preliminary results of a European organization for research on treatment of cancer. Randomized trial comparing doxorubicin hydrochloride, ethoglucid and transurethral resection alone.

Patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were entered in a randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacies of transurethral resection alone or followed by bladder instillation of doxorubicin hydrochloride or ethoglucid (Epodyl) for 1 year. Results showed that adjuvant chemotherapy with the selected drugs prolonged the mean interval between recurrences. Mild systemic toxicity and chemical cystitis were observed in 3 and 3 per cent, respectively, of the patients given ethoglucid, and in 5 and 4 per cent, respectively, of those taking doxorubicin.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗