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Biomedical subjects

K H Leissner

Publications and source records attributed to K H Leissner.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Gallbladder disease related to use of oral contraceptives and nausea in pregnancy.

In our series of women with confirmed gallbladder disease, intolerance of oral contraceptives was remarkably high. Among women who did not tolerate oral contraceptives there was a remarkably high percentage of emesis gravidarum. The frequency of cholecystectomy declined substantially between 1971 and 1981. This decrement was especially pronounced in women younger than 40, which could be attributed to the reduced "hormonal load" from both fewer pregnancies and reduced intake of contraceptive steroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intravesical high dose 5-fluorouracil instillations combined with allopurinol--a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of multiple bladder tumors.

Chemical cystitis and systemic toxic effects limit the therapeutic use of intravesical cytotoxic agents against bladder tumors. In our series 1,000 mg. 5-fluorouracil could be instilled 2 hours daily, 5 days per week for 5 weeks if 100 mg. allopurinol were given 3 times daily simultaneously. After 6 weeks all patients were macroscopically free of tumors. Another instillation was performed because of recurrences within 6 months in 3 patients. This preliminary report of 5 patients with multiple superficial transitional cell bladder tumors shows that a combined treatment of high dose 5-fluorouracil instillation and simultaneous oral allopurinol will abolish temporarily all tumor tissue without signs of general absorption or chemical cystitis. The observation time is too short to predict definitive cure.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1982

Zinc concentration and content of the dorsal, lateral and medical prostatic lobes and of periurethral adenomas in man.

The concentration and content of zinc in the prostatic lobes and in periurethral adenomas, when present, were determined in an autopsy series of 45 adult males by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The zinc distribution within the prostate was found to be related to the anatomically defined lobes, the dorsal lobes having the highest, the medial lobes the lowest and the lateral lobes intermediate zinc concencentrations. The differences in zinc concentration between the lobes were leveled in individuals who died from chronic disease, except in cases with periurethral adenomas, Periurethtral adenomas had higher zinc concentration than prostate proper.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Oral administration of 5-fluorouracil: renal clearance and urinary concentration in man.

The pharmacokinetics of 5-fluouracil were studied in 9 patients with a history of bladder malignancies. A single dose of 250 mg. 5-fluorouracil was given orally and the renal clearance of active 5-fluorouracil was approximately 40 ml. per minute. The maximum serum (1,100 ng./ml. serum) and urinary concentrations (49,000 ng./ml. urine) of 5-fluorouracil occurred 20 and 40 minutes after administration, respectively. The urinary concentration per se is highly cytotoxic, whereas the short-lasting serum concentration previously has been proved to be without general cytotoxic effects even after continuous use of the drug for years. Although high concentrations of 5-fluorouracil are noted in the urine the antitumor effects of this treatment must be investigated further.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Topical application of 5-fluorouracil cream: a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of urothelial tumours of the distal urethra. A case report.

A case of secondary urothelial tumour of the distal male urethra is presented. The tumour was successfully treated by local application of 5-Fluorouracil cream. No side-effects were observed. Repeated topical applications of 5-Fluorouracil may be a therapeutic alternative to surgical treatment of urothelial urethral tumours.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

Concentration and content of zinc in the human prostate.

The concentration and content of zinc in the prostate proper were determined in an autopsy series of 61 males by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Whole glands were used for analyses. In children, the prostatic zinc concentration was 1.90 mumole per g of dry weight, similar to that of nonprostatic tissue. The reference value for prostate zinc concentration in subjects between the ages of 20 and 30 years was 10 mumole per g of dry weight and after the age of 30 15 mumole per g of dry weight. The prostatic zinc concentration and content in individuals who died from chronic disease were markedly reduced, except in cases with adenomas in the periurethral tissue. The low prostatic zinc concentration in young boys and in men with prolonged debilitating disease indicates that androgens are the major factors controlling the zinc level of the human prostate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The weight of the dorsal, lateral and medial prostatic lobes in man.

The weight of the prostatic lobes in man was determined in an atuopsy series comprising 158 cases. In children the medial pair of lobes formed half of the prostate gland. The "normal" mean weights in adult men of the dorsal, lateral and medial pair of lobes were 3.6, 3.4 and 4.3 g, respectively. In adult men there was no change in lobe weight with increasing age. In subjects who died after protracted disease all of the prostatic lobes had decreased in weight. In subjects with periurethral adenomas the greater weight of the total prostate was due to higher weights of the dorsal and medial prostatic lobes. The observation that the separate prostatic lobes in man can react differently to growth promoting factors indicates that the lobation of the human prostate is not only of anatomical but also of physiological significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The weight of the human prostate.

The weight of the prostate proper was determined in an autopsy series comprising 205 cases. The dissection technique of Tisell & Salander made it possible to delimit the prostate proper from non-prostatic tissue. The mean weight of the "normal" prostate in adult men was about 11 grams (range 7--16). This weight as well as the water content did no change with age. Individuals who died after protracted disease had lower prostatic weight. The presence of periurethral adenomas was associated with a higher weight of the prostate proper.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

General resorption of intravesically instilled 5-fluorouracil.

To evaluate the resorption of intravesically instilled 5-fluorouracil a single dose of 250 or 1,000 mg. was injected into the empty bladder for 3 hours in 17 patients. The concentration of 5-fluorouracil in serum during instillation was recorded. A microbiologic agar plate method was used for the assay. No measurable 5-fluorouracil concentrations were recorded in the systemic blood of patients with undamaged bladder mucosa and low levels (less than 100 ng./ml. serum) of 5-fluorouracil were found in the systemic circulation of patients with mucosal lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Comparison between the use of oral contraceptives and the incidence of surgically confirmed gallstone disease.

A causal relationship between the use of oral contraceptives and gallstone disease has been proposed. If this is true, it is reasonable that the incidence of cholecystectomy in women of exposed ages should increase. In the present study a statistical analysis of the change in the incidence of cholecystectomy in women between 1961, i.e. 4 years before, and 1971, i.e. 6 years after, the introduction of oral contraceptives in Sweden was performed. To delimit uncontrolled factors, such as diet and attitude towards surgery, the change in incidence of cholecystectomy in women was compared with the corresponding change in men during these years. The results indicate an increased incidence of cholecystectomy in women in age groups exposed to oral contraceptives. These findings support a causal relationship between the use of oral contraceptives and the incidence of gallstones in the population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Postoperative wound infection in 32,000 clean operations.

The frequencies of postoperative wound infection in clean operations have been registered at a county hospital (Falun, Sweden) during a 15-year period (1958-1972). A total of 64,000 operations were done and about 32,000 of these have been registered as clean operations. In 1968 the wards were transformed from 12-bed rooms to 5-bed rooms and the operating theatres were rebuilt. All premises were equipped with high pressure air ventilation including lock system. Furthermore, a new intensive care unit and a new awakening unit were built. The overall postoperative wound infection (sepsis) rate during this 15-year period was 1.7 percent. The infection rates in the 5-year period before and in the 5-year period after opening of the new buildings were the same: 1.6 percent. After adding postoperative infections (sepsis) and postoperative inflammatory reactions, the total rates were almost the same: 4.1 percent before and 4.2 percent after. A slight rise in staphylococcal infections has been registered. This rise might suggest that the expected positive effects of the new buildings have been counteracted by other exogenous and endogenous factors. Some of these factors have been discussed (rise in mean age etc.). On the basis of this investigation it seems likely that the management (in all respects) of the surgical patients is still of the greatest importance, regardless of fine new buildings.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Transomental strangulation. A rare case of an internal hernia.

A case report of a transomental herniation of the small intestine is given. Thirty-six cases of this type of intestinal obstruction are reported in the literature. The history was that of an intestinal obstruction and the diagnosis was settled at laparotomy, as in most of the reported cases. The etiology is obscure by (a) abdominal trauma, (b) inflammation, and (c) congenital defects in the omentum appear to be the most likely.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Results of liver dearterialization combined with regional infusion of 5-fluorouracil for liver cancer.

40 patients with primary or metastatic liver malignancies have been treated with hepatic dearterialization, 19 of them in combination with regional infusion with 5-fluoroacil. The survival was longer than expected from untreated materials. This was especially shown to be valid for patients with primary liver cancer and liver metastases from cancer coli-recti, in which the prolongation of survival was associated with an acceptable quality of life. The long term results were correlated with the "aggressiveness" in therapeutic approach. Only studies of prospective randomized series can settle whether the results depend on the specific measures against the liver tumours or on the general treatment.

Adult↗