PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K H Olesen

Publications and source records attributed to K H Olesen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis in 262 patients: an assessment after 9 to 17 years.

A 9 to 17-year follow-up after aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis was carried out in 262 patients with a mean age of 53 years. All patients were traced. The operative mortality was 7.3%. The observed survival of the total series after 5, 10 and 15 years amounted to 75%, 61%, and 49% respectively. The majority of survivors showed improvement of functional capacity and decrease of heart volume. Freedom from valve-related death, thromboembolism and valve-related morbidity and mortality after 15 years amounted to 94%, 85% and 75% respectively. Only two instances of valve thrombosis were seen, and fracture of the prosthesis was never encountered. These results compare favourably with those obtained with the Starr-Edwards and the Björk-Shiley prostheses. Analysis of the relative survival rates, i.e. the observed survival rates as ratios of those of the general population, indicates that the 10-year survival of patients with aortic stenosis is close to normal, whereas the survival rates of patients with aortic incompetence and with combined aortic stenosis and incompetence are significantly lower. It is suggested that earlier operation should be considered in patients with aortic incompetence and with combined stenosis and incompetence in order to lower the late mortality rate.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1987

Long-term follow-up in 54 patients after combined mitral and aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. Overall results and prosthesis-related complications.

A follow-up study was carried out in 54 patients after combined mitral and aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. Twenty-two males and thirty-two females with a mean age of 54 years provided a total of 272 years of observation. The operative mortality was 16.7%. The long-term survival rates were 67% after 5 years and 55% after 8 years. The great majority of survivors showed a marked improvement in functional capacity and a significant decrease in heart volume. In spite of long-term anticoagulant treatment thromboembolic incidents were the most frequent valve-related complications. The percentage of patients free from valve-related morbidity and mortality was 75% after 8 years. Valve-related death accounted for 4% of all deaths. Fracture of the prosthesis was never encountered. These results compare favourably with those obtained with the Starr-Edwards' or the Björk-Shiley prostheses.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1987

Prediction of cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgery.

This prospective study was carried out to develop a model for the prediction of cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgery. Detailed data were collected concerning the preoperative status of 2609 consecutive patients, who were followed closely during the postoperative course. Fatal or life-threatening cardiac complications occurred in 68 patients (2.6%). By utilizing logistic regression, a model for prediction of cardiac risk was developed. The model contained six significant preoperative predictor variables: Congestive heart failure (with 3 degrees of severity); ischaemic heart disease (with 2 degrees of severity); diabetes mellitus; serum creatinine above 0.13 mmol l-1; emergency operation; and the type of operation (two categories). With this model it seems possible to discriminate between patients with very different levels of cardiac risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Long-term follow-up in 185 patients after mitral valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. Overall results and prosthesis-related complications.

A follow-up was carried out in 185 patients after mitral valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. Fifty-eight males and one hundred and twenty-seven females provided a total of 876 years of observation. The operative mortality amounted to 13% for the total series and to 9.3% after elective surgery. The long-term survival for the total series was 67% after five years and 56% after 10 years. The great majority of survivors showed a marked improvement in functional capacity and a significant decrease in heart volume. In spite of long-term anticoagulant treatment thromboembolic events were the most frequent valve-related complications. Thrombosis of the valve occurred in eight patients and appeared to decrease with a change in the orientation of the valve. The percentage of patients free from thromboembolic events amounted to 76 +/- 5% after ten years. The percentage of patients free from valve-related morbidity and mortality was 66 +/- 5% after ten years. Valve related death accounted for 18% of all deaths and 26% of all late deaths. Fracture of the prosthesis was never encountered. These results compare favourably with those obtained with the Starr Edwards' or the Björk-Shiley prostheses.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up in 262 patients after aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. Overall results and prosthesis-related complications.

A follow-up was carried out in 262 patients after aortic valve replacement with the Lillehei-Kaster prosthesis. One hundred and ninety-one males and seventy-one females with a mean age of 53 years provided a total of 1385 observation years. The operative mortality was 7.3%. The long-term survival rates for the total series amounted to 74% after 5 years and 61% after 9 years. The great majority of survivors showed a marked improvement in functional capacity and a significant decrease in heart volume. Angina pectoris disappeared in 76 out of 79 patients, and exertional syncope vanished in 61 out of 62 patients. All patients received long-term anticoagulant treatment. The percentage of patients free from thromboembolic events amounted to 90 +/- 2% after 9 years, and the percentage free from valve related morbidity and mortality was 82 +/- 3% after 9 years. Only one instance of valve thrombosis was seen, and fracture of the prosthesis was never encountered. These results compare very favourably with those obtained with the Starr-Edwards or the Björk-Shiley prostheses.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Halothane hepatitis in a prospective study of postoperative complications.

In a prospective study comprising 2609 consecutive surgical patients, of whom 1166 were anesthetized with halothane, four cases of hepatitis were encountered. The incidence of hepatitis among those who received halothane was 1:292 in our material. The high incidence may be explained by the recognition of milder forms of hepatitis and by the selection of the series (over 40 years). Serum alanine aminotransferase should be investigated in all patients with postoperative pyrexia of unknown origin if mild forms of halothane hepatitis are to be discovered. The patient's history should be carefully examined for previous postoperative pyrexia of unknown origin following halothane anesthesia, in which case other anesthetics should be chosen.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Exchangeable electrolytes in heart disease.

The results of measurements of body sodium, chloride and potassium by isotope dilution or whole body counting in patients with heart disease are reviewed. In patients with cardiac oedema exchangeable sodium and chloride are increased while body potassium tends to be decreased or normal. The findings in normonatraemic hypochloraemia, hypokalaemia and metabolic alkalosis, in diuretic hyponatraemia and in dilutional hyponatraemia are reviewed and their possible consequences in terms of changes in electrolyte gradients are discussed. The limitations and usefulness of measurements of exchangeable electrolytes in heart disease are mentioned.

Alkalosis↗
PubMed1980

[Echocardiography].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1979

DC-conversion of atrial fibrillation after mitral valve operation. An analysis of the long-term results.

In a prospective study comprising 43 patients with atrial fibrillation after mitral valve surgery, an evaluation was made of the prognostic significance of clinical, radiological, haemodynamic and operative factors for the maintenance of sinus rhythm after DC-conversion. Atrial fibrillation with a duration of less than 12 months proved to be the only single factor of significance for sustained sinus rhythm after 12 months and it is suggested as a simple clinical criterion for selection of patients for DC-conversion after mitral valve operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparative natriuretic and diuretic efficacy of theophylline ethylenediamine and of bendroflumethiazide during long-term treatment with the potent diuretic bumetanide. Permutation trial tests in patients with congestive heart failure.

The additive natriuretic and diuretic effects of theophylline ethylenediamine and of bendroflumethiazide have been compared in permutation trial tests in patients with advanced congestive heart failure receiving long-term treatment with the highly potent diuretic, bumetanide. Statistical analysis of renal water and electrolyte excretion revealed that theophylline ethylenediamine, 400 mg orally, and bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg orally, had very similar effects, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The mechanism of action of the supplementary diuretics is discussed. It is concluded that theophylline ethylenediamine represents a useful alternative to thiazide diuretics when supplementary natriuretic treatment is considered in patients with congestive heart failure during long-term treatment with potent diuretics. The significance of maintaining the potassium balance during such a combined regimen is stressed.

Bendroflumethiazide↗
PubMed1978

Closed mitral valvulotomy after the age of fifty.

This retrospective study is based upon a consecutive series of 90 patients with mitral stenosis who had their first closed mitral valvulotomy after the age of fifty. All patients were operated on during the period 1959--70 and were followed-up for at least 5 years until July 1, 1976. Calculated survival curves were compared with those of a group of 68 patients over fifty whose mitral stenosis was medically treated. The surgical mortality was 7.8%, largely due to the high mortality among patients in functional class IV. The late mortality rate after valvulotomy was significantly higher than in a matched population of the same age and sex, but significantly lower than in the medically treated patients. According to functional classification, the patients had improved markedly at the time of follow-up. High incidences of atrial fibrillation and late thromboembolic complications were noted. This study supports the view that closed mitral valvulotomy can be performed safely in patients over fifty with mitral stenosis without significant mitral regurgitation and heavy clacifications in functional classes II and III.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Cardiac arrhythmias induced by hypokalaemia and potassium loss during maintenance digoxin therapy.

Twelve patients with congestive heart failure receiving maintenance therapy with digoxin and potent diuretics were followed closely during development of hypokalemia and potassium loss. Cardiac arrhythmias compatible with digoxtin toxicity developed in 6 patients in the presence of stable, normal serum digoxin concentrations. The mechanisms involved in the development of the rhythm disturbances are discussed with regard to hypokalaemia, intracellular potassium loss, intra-/extracellular potassium gradients and digoxin, and the significance of maintaining a normal potassium balance in this setting is stressed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1975

The supra-additive natriuretic effect addition of bendroflumethiazide and bumetanide in congestive heart failure. Permutation trial tests in patients in long-term treatment with bumetanide.

The additive natriuretic effect of a single dose of bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., has been studied in patients with advanced congestive heart failure in long-term treatment with bumetanide, 4 mg., daily. Three permutation trial tests were performed including six patients each. In the first trial, the response to supplementary bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., was definitely superior to that of additional bumetanide, 4 mg., in terms of renal output of sodium, chloride, potassium, water, and osmolar clearance. In the second trial, a similar pattern was found in patients receiving a combination of bumetanide, 4 mg., and spironolactone, 100 mg., daily. The third trial compared the effects of bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., plus bumetanide, 4 mg.; of bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg.; and of bumetanide, 4 mg. In terms of natriuresis and chloruresis, the response to the combination of two drugs was significantly larger than the sum of the effects of other treatments. It is concluded that the combined effects of the drugs represent a supra-additive effect addition for sodium and chloride. A tentative explanation of the mechanism of interaction in terms of inhibition of renal tubular supplementary spironolactone, involve a tendency to development of hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and alkalosis, it is recommended that supplementary use of bendroflumethiazide in this setting is combined with the administration of potassium chloride or potassium-saving diuretics.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Muscle cell electrolytes in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

The intracellular electrolyte concentrations in skeletal muscle from 15 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease were examined. In patients with diarrhea not receiving potassium, muscle cell potassium and magnesium were low and sodium insignificantly elevated. By contrast, largely normal muscle cell electrolyte concentrations were found in patients receiving potassium or having a normal intestinal function. Supported by the existence of normal muscle cell electrolytes in a control group of patients receiving prednisone for extraintestinal diseases it was stated that glucocorticoid treatment does not affect the muscle cell electrolytes unless such treatment is effective in controlling the intestinal function. Potassium - and possibly magnesium - supplementations are recommended in cases with diarrhea.

Adolescent↗