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Biomedical subjects

K H Rühle

Publications and source records attributed to K H Rühle.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Ambulatory monitoring of frequency of apnea in patients with suspected sleep apnea syndrome. Comparative studies using a thermistor sensor].

To record and evaluate the number and duration of nocturnal apneas, and easy method is needed in an outpatient setting. New methods such as recording the tracheal sounds, heart frequency, and O2 saturation, are now available. Recording of thermal convection by Thermistor has not been performed on an outpatient basis so far. Hence, we developed a method by which a thermistor was placed on a mask to record the nasal and oral flow. A specially developed computer hardware evaluates date, time, period, number and mean values of the apneas. The parameters were compared with the conventional methods of recording apneas (thoracic and abdominal movement. O2 saturation, heart frequency and 3 thermistors at mouth and nose). 20 patients, mean age 53.1 +/- 1.6 years, were examined. In 12 patients the apnea frequency was between 0 and 50 apneas per night, in 8 between 50 and 550. Patients with an apnea frequency of more than 50 per night (polygraphy) could be identified with the thermistor method. Our results show that the method is sensitive in respect of the oral and nasal flow. The method seems valid to differentiate between normal persons and patients with increased risk of apnea syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative studies on the effect of nasal CPAP, theophylline and oxygen in patients with sleep apnea syndrome].

In patients with sleep apnea-syndrome nasal CPAP-therapy is the method of choice. The apnea phases are practically completely eliminated. However some patients with SAS don't accept CPAP-therapy. In this group Theophylline or O2-therapy respectively is discussed. We examined therefore 21 patients (55.8 +/- 9 years) with sleep-apnea syndrome and an apnea-index of 39 +/- 19.9 during 4 consecutive nights (diagnosis, nCPAP-therapy, O2-therapy by 21/min, by nasal prongs and Theophylline 375-400 mg in the evening and calculated apnea-index, the longest apnea and the lowest O2-saturation. On CPAP the number of apneas was practically reduced to 0. On Theophylline there was a relevant reduction of the apnea frequency. On O2-therapy only few patients with non-compliance Theophylline-therapy can be of some benefit in patients with moderate sleep-apnea syndrome. However the apnea-index cannot be normalized.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Monitoring at home.

To reduce time committment and expense in the diagnosis of sleep apnea it is necessary to develop simplified monitoring techniques. The monitoring systems to detect apneas should have high sensitivity, good reproducibility, be inexpensive and practical to use. The following methods have been suggested: inductance plethysmography, capnography, flow measurements by thermistors, tracheal sound recording, static charge sensitivity bed, oximetry, activity monitoring, detection of snoring. Some devices to registrate breathing have been combined with oximetry and other methods. The results have been validated by polysomnography and show rather good correlations. However, there exists no information on the time and cost savings of a step wise diagnosis of sleep apnea.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Methodologic study for measuring oronasal airflow using thermistors].

In an attempt to simplify the diagnostic work-up of sleep apnea syndrome, a method has long been sought that would permit the recording of apnea on an ambulatory basis. To this end, we have since developed a face mask and special electronics capable of recording expiration and inspiration via thermistors. We made use of a respirator and a ventilation mannikin in order to simulate respiratory activities in the patient. Since the heat given off during respiration is influenced by a variety of factors, we investigated the following parameters: room temperature (12, 17 and 22 degrees) respiratory rate (15, 18, 21, breaths per minute), maximum airflows (0.5 and 0.6 l/sec) and tidal volume (TV 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 l). Erroneous recording of apneic episodes was observed only with changes from complete mouth to nose breathing; otherwise, the apneic episodes were correctly recognized and counted. TV following an apneic phase must exceed at least TV/2 in order to be recorded as a breath. With a set duration of apnea of more than 30 seconds, apnea is considered to be terminated only by a breath of more than 60% of the last amplitude preceding the apneic phase. Changes in the respiratory rate and maximum airflow, or a change between 12 an 22 degrees within the mask has no effect on the recording of apneic phases. We conclude, therefore, that devices for the automatic detection of apnea should be calibrated by simulated respiratory activities, and specified accordingly.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[AIDS and the lung].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Systemic necrotizing vasculitis with bronchial asthma and eosinophilia: Churg-Strauss syndrome].

Two cases of the Churg-Strauss syndrome are reported, seen within the past year. The first concerned a 31-year-old woman with a rapidly progressive illness characterized by bronchial asthma, leukocytosis and eosinophilia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and purpura. In the second case, a 47-year-old man had granulomatous epididymitis and interstitial nephritis before the asthma and eosinophilia developed. In both the diagnosis was confirmed by lung biopsy. Immunosuppressive treatment achieved rapid regression of all symptoms and of the eosinophilia, without recurrence so far.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A new biopsy needle for transcutaneous histology procurement].

The new Vacu-Cut biopsy needle differs from previous types by its simpler manipulation and the production of a stronger vacuum to extract the tissue core. This vacuum is caused by withdrawal of a stylet through an air-tight sealing membrane. The instrument is a hollow needle with an inner cutting-edge and a diameter of 0.95 mm. 49 patients with suspected lesions of the pulmonary parenchyma were biopsied transcutaneously under x-ray monitoring. The biopsy material allowed a clearcut diagnosis in 44 patients, including 2 repeat biopsies; the success rate was thus 86% of all biopsies performed. 7 attempts (14%) did not yield useful material as the lesions were too small (diameter below 2.5 cm) or were not penetrated. In 35% of all biopsies small pneumothoraces were observed after a few hours. In two cases transitory hemoptysis occurred.

Biopsy↗