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K H SHANKLY

Publications and source records attributed to K H SHANKLY.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1959

The dimensions of the extracellular space in sartorius muscle.

A survey has been made of the amount of muscle water available to inulin, sucrose, and radioiodinated human serum albumin (RISA). The percentage spaces available to the three molecules are of the same order of magnitude, but the sucrose space > inulin space > albumin space. The kinetics of influx and efflux of RISA have been studied, and it appears that a small part of the albumin may be adsorbed in the extracellular phase. Nevertheless the albumin space would appear to give the best index of the extracellular volume. The scatter in values found for the extracellular space by all methods is very great, ranging from 8 to 40 per cent and renders invalid the use of a mean value for the calculation of intracellular concentrations. The variation within paired muscles is less than between pairs, provided the tissue has undergone no volume change. Increase in total muscle volume when the muscle is placed in a hypotonic solution leads to a decrease in the size of the extracellular space.

Electrolytes↗
PubMed1959

Muscle: a three phase system. The partition of monovalent ions across the cell membrane.

The partition of Li(+), Br(-), and I(-) across the membrane of the sartorius muscle of the toad Bufo marinus has been investigated both at the steady state and with kinetic methods. Li(+) was found to have access to an amount of muscle water similar to that of Na(+). Br(-) and I(-) could be regarded as being interchangeable with cellular Cl(-). None of the foreign ions caused significant losses of cellular K(+). Li(+) efflux from the cell was slower in muscles which were equilibrated for long periods in Li(+) than in short equilibrated muscles. Na(+) efflux from Li(+)-treated muscles was similar in rate to normal controls, but the amount of Na(+) in the slow fraction was increased by Li(+). I(-) efflux was extremely rapid, and it was not possible to differentiate kinetically between intra- and extracellular material. These results have been found to be consistent with the hypothesis of a three phase system for muscle.

Bromides↗