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Biomedical subjects

K H Schicketanz

Publications and source records attributed to K H Schicketanz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Modified cryopreservation of parathyroid gland tissue. Evaluation and comparison in an animal experiment].

A modified cryopreservation technique for parathyroid tissue was investigated in an animal model. The modified technique was compared with a previously described method [10, 11] using a programmed freezer and also with other simplified cryopreservation techniques [1, 8]. Total parathyroidectomy was performed in 90 Sprague-Dawley rats, which were allocated to 7 groups. Group I had no autotransplantation (n = 10) and group II underwent immediate autotransplantation of one parathyroid gland (n = 17). In the other five groups of rats the parathyroids were cryopreserved and one gland was reimplanted after 10 days' storage in liquid nitrogen (LN) at -196 degrees C. The following techniques for cryopreservation of the parathyroid glands were used. Group III: immediate placement in LN, n = 7; group IV: immediate placement in a freezer at -20 degrees C, transfer to LN after 2 h, n = 12; group V: immediate placement in a freezer at -80 degrees C, transfer to LN after 2 h, n = 13, group VI: manually controlled freezing initially at a rate of 1 degree C/min to -25 degrees C, and subsequently at 10 degrees C/min to -70 degrees C before transfer to LN [8], n = 19, group VII: programmed freezing at a controlled rate of 1 degree C/min to -80 degrees C prior to transfer to LN [10, 11], n = 12. Serum calcium concentrations were determined over a period of 60 days. Furthermore, the individual difference in the calcium concentration was assessed for each rat on the basis of the calcium levels recorded preoperatively and at day 60.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Development of tuberculosis in Germany--a comparison between former West and East Germany].

The development of tuberculosis in both parts of Germany between 1950 and 1990 is compared. From 1950-1965 morbidity and mortality were significantly greater in the former GDR than in the FRG. Figures have somewhat increased in the FRG since 1965; a breakdown according to indigenous and alien population shows that the development of the disease among Germans has been approximately the same in both parts of Germany. For the last ten years the proportion of cases of acute infectious tuberculosis has remained almost unchanged in both the GDR and the FRG. A comparison of the development of infant tuberculosis does not disclose any influence exercised by BCT vaccination on the epidemiology.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1992

Ultrasound studies of the effect of trospium chloride on gall-bladder kinetics.

In a randomized double-blind study the effects of increasing doses of trospium chloride (Spasmo-lyt, CAS 10405-02-4), 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg i.v., on gall-bladder contractility were compared among themselves and against placebo and n-butylscopolamine bromide (20 mg i.v.) by an intraindividual 5-fold crossover technique. Gall-bladder volumes after drug-induced contraction (fat stimulus with sodium iopodate) were measured by ultrasound scanning conducted by a single examiner. Serial measurements, carried out in 6 female subjects without any evidence of gall-bladder disease, demonstrated a dose-dependent trend of inhibition of gall-bladder motility produced by trospium chloride. In the maximal doses employed (1.0 and 1.5 mg i.v.) trospium chloride effected almost total inhibition of motility. The response to n-butylscopolamine bromide tested in a nonblind comparison, showed a dose-effect ratio of roughly 40:1 between trospium chloride and n-butylscopolamine bromide given intravenously. This work confirms that ultrasound measurement of gall-bladder volume is a suitable pharmacodynamic model for testing the dose-effect relationships of antispasmodic agents.

Benzilates↗
PubMed1991

[Stomach emptying after stomach resection with and without retention of duodenal passage].

On domestic pigs 2/3 gastrectomies with retention and elimination of the duodenal passage were carried out. Postprandial gastric emptying was measured scintigraphically for 4 h and compared with a control group (laparotomy only). For the semi-solid, 99mTc-labeled test meal delayed gastric emptying after elimination of the duodenal passage by Roux reconstruction could not be shown. There was no difference in gastric emptying between B-I and Roux-en-Y partial gastrectomy. Also alteration of the length of the jejunum loop from 40 to 20 cm after Roux-en-Y reconstruction had no influence on gastric emptying. Roux reconstruction (40 cm loop) in combination with truncal vagotomy led to a non-uniform gastric emptying, but there was a statistically proven acceleration compared with B-I resection. After 240 min the mean residual intragastric activity of the control group (n = 5) was 47.8%, 78.9% after B-I resection (n = 5), 59% after Roux reconstruction with 40 cm jejunal loop (n = 5), 38.1% after Roux reconstruction with 20 cm jejunal loop (n = 5) and 20.9% after Roux-en-Y (40 cm loop) with truncal vagotomy (n = 4).

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of oral administration of enoximone on cardiac performance, arterial circulation at rest and on the vasoconstrictor effect of local noradrenaline infusions into the human hand vein].

Cardiac and peripheral vascular effects of enoximone were investigated in a placebo-controlled, crossover, double-blind trial in 10 healthy volunteers. Electromechanical systole (QS2c) revealed direct positive inotropic effects and venous occlusion plethysmography of the calf arterial blood flow before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 h following 3 mg/kg of enoximone orally. Norepinephrine (7-640 ng/min) dose-response curves of a superficial human hand vein were measured, and enoximone and enoximone-sulfoxide plasma concentrations were determined at the same time points. Peak effects on all measurements were observed at 1 h and coincided with peak plasma concentrations: QS2c shortened by 36 +/- 13 ms (mean +/- SD; p less than 0.01 compared to placebo); arterial blood flow increased from 2.10 +/- 0.58 to 4.32 +/- 1.26 ml 100 ml-1 min-1 (mean +/- SD; p less than 0.01 compared to placebo); norepinephrine dose-response curves shifted to the right (p less than 0.01 with 20-320 ng/min compared to baseline), i.e., to achieve the same vasoconstriction as before enoximone a 3-to-5-times higher dose of norepinephrine was needed. In addition to its positive inotropic effects, enoximone exerts peripheral arterial dilation and diminishes the venous vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine. The combination of these pharmacological properties could be responsible for the beneficial effects of enoximone in heart failure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma lipoprotein fractions in high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy in metastatic breast cancer].

Metabolic disorders induced by synthetic gestagens have been discussed under the aspect of single endocrine parameters or the carbohydrate or lipid metabolism. In order to obtain more complex information a prospective study of 26 patients was performed, who were treated with 1,000 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) per day over a period of 5 weeks as a second-line therapy of breast cancer. Before treatment and afterwards once a week the serum concentrations of MPA, androstenedione, DHEA-S, cortisol, prolactin, insulin, c-peptide, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and the lipoprotein fractions (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL) were analyzed. Besides the reduction of the androgens and changes in the glucose regulation significant effects on the lipoprotein metabolism were observed, leading to the conclusion that under high-dose gestagen therapy very complex interactions of the endocrine and metabolic system occur.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

The effects of oral enoximone on cardiac performance, calf arterial blood flow, and constrictor effects of norepinephrine infused into hand veins in humans.

Cardiac and peripheral vascular effects of enoximone were investigated in a placebo-controlled, crossover, double-blind trial in 10 healthy volunteers. Electromechanical systole (QS2c) revealed direct positive inotropic effects and venous occlusion plethysmography of the calf arterial blood flow before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 h following 3 mg/kg of enoximone orally. Norepinephrine (7-640 ng/min) dose-response curves of a superficial human hand vein were measured and enoximone and enoximone sulfoxide plasma concentrations determined at the same time points. Peak effects on all measures were observed at 1 h and coincided with peak plasma concentrations: QS2c shortened by 36 +/- 13 ms (mean +/- SD; p less than 0.01 compared to placebo); arterial blood flow increased from 2.10 +/- 0.58 to 4.32 +/- 1.26 ml/100 ml/min (mean +/- SD; p less than 0.01 compared to placebo); and norepinephrine dose-response curves shifted to the right (p less than 0.01 with 20-320 ng/min compared to baseline), i.e., to achieve the same vasoconstriction as before enoximone, a three to five times higher dose of norepinephrine was needed. In addition to its positive inotropic effects, enoximone exerts peripheral arterial dilation and diminishes the venous vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine. The combination of these pharmacological properties could be responsible for the beneficial effects of enoximone in heart failure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[A screening procedure for determining tetanus antibody concentrations in blood products].

The application of antibodies to tetanus toxin is necessary for prevention of postoperative tetanus in patients at risk, e.g. in emergency surgery. However, intravenous preparations with sufficiently rapid distribution throughout the body are not available. This could only be achieved via the blood products (whole blood unit, fresh frozen plasma, thrombocyte concentrate) transfused in such cases. For semiquantitative determination of antibody concentration in blood products, an ELISA assay was developed, which can be used as a screening method for selection of sera with high titers. The assay is quick and easy to perform so that large numbers of sera can be tested within a short time.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Maternal lipoproteins post partum. Qualitative and quantitative studies of the effect of lactation].

Quantitative and qualitative examinations of serum lipoproteins separated by use of discontinuous ultracentrifugation were performed in 17 lactating and 13 non-lactating healthy women 5 days and 5 weeks after delivery. In general a normalisation of the lipid parameters, which are increased during gestation, was observed during this period. Within 5 weeks after delivery all single parameters were in levels of normal non-pregnant women. A significant effect of lactation on the decrease of pregnancy-induced hyperlipoproteinemia after delivery could not be detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Intrauterine fetal weight assessment using ultrasound. A comparison of several weight assessment methods and development of a new formula for the determination of fetal weight].

At the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the University of Mainz, the foetal weights were estimated in 196 foetuses between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation. All estimates were based on sonographic determination 0-6 days prior to delivery. In a prospective study the equations of Hansmann, Schillinger et al., Campbell and Wilkin, Warsof et al., Shepard et al., Higginbottom et al., Thurnau et al. and an own unpublished formula of Merz were compared. In addition, with the aid of computer analysis, a new equation for predicting foetal weight was evolved from the data measured in this study. This formula should be valid for all weight groups. In 25.5% of the newborn the actual birth weights ranged from 610 to 2499 g, in 42.9% from 2500 to 3499 g and in 31.6% from 3500 to 4520 g. On comparing the individual equations for the entire study group, the most reliable formulas for estimating foetal weights were found to be those of Shepard et al. (72.4%), Hansmann (61.2%) and Merz (61.2%). In the very low birth-weight range less than 2500 g the formula of Shepard et al. proved to be the most reliable for estimating foetal weight with 72%. In the group between 2500 and 3499 g reliability in estimating foetal weight was over 60% with the equations of Shepard et al. (72.6%), Hansmann (67.9%) and Merz (61.9%). In the birth-weight group of 3500 to 4520 g the most reliable formula for predicting foetal weight was found to be that of Schillinger et al. (91.9%), Hansmann (83.9%), Shepard et al. (72.6%) and Merz (69.4%). The formula which was derived from own data was as follows: W (g) = -3200.40479 + 157.07186 AC (cm) + 15.90391 (BPD)2 (cm). With this formula we obtained 71.4% reliability in predicting foetal weight with a mean absolute weight difference of 221 g for the complete study group. Are of validity for this formula could be defined as follows: BPD 7.0-10.5 cm AC 21.8-36.5 cm (all measurements from outer to outer margin).

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1986

[Regional chemotherapy of liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma using implanted gas pressure pumps. Results of a prospective phase II study].

22 patients with liver metastases of colorectal carcinomas were given floxuridine infusions into the hepatic artery using a totally implantable pump system (Infusaid, model 400). The course of the disease was compared to that of 22 untreated controls matched for age, sex, extent of metastatic disease and performance status. No therapy-related mortality was observed in the treatment group, morbidity was 37%. Response rate was 77% based on CEA decrease by more than 33% after 6 months, and 64% related to a more than 50% reduction in metastasis size. Median survival time was 10 months in the control group as compared to 26 months in the therapy group; the one-year survival rate was 37.5% and 88%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The influence of ossein-hydroxyapatite compound ('Ossopan') on the healing of a bone defect.

A study was undertaken in 60 adult rabbits in order to determine the effects of ossein-hydroxyapatite compound on bone healing. Standardized bony defects were produced in the distal femoral epiphyses, after which animals were randomized into four equal groups. An untreated group served as a control. One group received ossein-hydroxyapatite compound, 830 mg per day, a second group received bone mineral (ossein-hydroxyapatite compound reduced to ash, to remove organic constituents), 510 mg per day, and a third group received calcium carbonate, 650 mg per day. A series of fluorescent vital markers was administered to the animals from the 7th to the 32nd day after production of the defect. A third of the animals in each group were sacrificed 35, 56 and 84 days, respectively, after induction of the defect. Histological sections of the region of the bone defect were examined with a fluorescence microscope and resulting photomicrographs were scored with respect to degree of fluorescence, nature and degree of defect filling and structure of the newly formed bone. All three active treatment groups resulted in significantly improved mineralization as compared with the untreated control group. Treatment with ossein-hydroxyapatite compound, but not the other two active treatments, resulted in significant improvements in the pattern and quality of bone healing, particularly when assessed at 56 or 84 days after induction of the bone defect. These results indicate that ossein-hydroxyapatite compound has a beneficial effect on the process of bone healing but that this effect is lost if the organic components of the compound are destroyed or if pure calcium carbonate treatment is substituted. This strongly suggests that organic components of ossein-hydroxyapatite compound have osteogenic effects, enhancing the utilization of the mineral intake, and is consistent with previous experimental findings. It is suggested, therefore, that ossein-hydroxyapatite compound has considerable clinical potential and should be regarded as having specific, sophisticated effects on bone metabolism, rather than as a simple dietary mineral supplement.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

CT-analyses of cerebral tumors under steroid therapy.

In order to determine, by CT density and volume measurements, the influence of steroid therapy on cerebral tumors, on their perifocal edema and on the uninvolved cerebral tissue, CT follow-up studies of 37 patients were analysed. In general a decrease of tumor density is to be seen within the first 10 days of therapy. Under continuous steroid application absorption coefficients then increase again, so that no cortisone effect on the tumor remains. The tumor size does not alter: in particular at no time is growth retardation detectable under cortisone therapy. Intensity and extension of the perifocal edema decrease in two stages. From this delayed course we conclude the cytotoxic component of the tumor edema to be more extensive than supposed. Deviations appear dependent on tumor histology, which should lead to individualized steroid application.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1983

[Incidence of hospitalizations and operations for ulcer disease 1970-1981].

Since 1970 there has been a slight reduction, since 1977 a marked one, in the number of admissions for peptic ulcer at the two medical and the surgical clinics of the University of Mainz. This trend was interrupted by a peak from 1975-77, due to an increase of overall admissions at that time, after vagotomy procedures had been started at the surgical clinic. The reduction in admissions only related to uncomplicated ulcer and the admissions to the surgical clinic. Admissions for ulcer complications and to the medical clinics remained unchanged. The reduction in the number of operations for uncomplicated duodenal ulcer was 62%, for uncomplicated gastric ulcer 60%. Operative mortality rate for the former was 1.6%, for the latter 1.86%, while it was 10-25% for ulcer complications.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1983

Metabolic changes in the rat liver during pregnancy. II. Tricarboxylic acid cycle.

During pregnancy the rat liver shows alterations in metabolism which apparently do not to occur in the non-pregnant animal. In our study, the following metabolite concentrations and enzyme activities in the liver of pregnant and non-pregnant rats were measured after fasting periods of 6 and 12 h: malate, fumarate, isocitrate, alpha-keto-glutarate, glutamate, malate-dehydrogenase, fumarate-hydratase, glutamate-dehydrogenase, isocitrate-dehydrogenase, aspartate-aminotransferase and after 12 h fast, the concentrations of acetyl coenzyme A and citrate. These results are discussed with regard to their possible importance for the maternal and fetal energy supply.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Measurements of the volume and density of intracerebral tumors by CT following therapy.

For the interpretation of curative measures in patients with cerebral tumors CT is of increasing importance. The therapeutic effects can be demonstrated by close follow-up studies without any of the disadvantage of invasive neuroradiological methods. Our investigations of 125 patients with cerebral tumors are based on volume and density determinations. The CT studies of removed or inoperable tumors followed by radiation and/or cytostatic therapy prove that the best results follow a combination of both. In the present cases however, if CT proves postoperatively, at the end of radiation or at the beginning of the application of cytostatics that there is a residual mass, a complete remission cannot be obtained.

Astrocytoma↗