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Biomedical subjects

K Hanaki

Publications and source records attributed to K Hanaki.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Abnormal perception of body weight is not solely observed in pubertal girls: incorrect body image in children and its relationship to body weight.

Perceived actual body weight and perceived ideal weight were assessed in 255 Japanese children and adolescents (130 boys, 125 girls) aged 6 years through 18 years using the drawing test to clarify whether they wanted to be thinner or to gain weight. More than half (68%) of the girls attending high school and 41% of the elementary school girls perceived their ideal weight to be less than the standard. The mean difference between the perceived actual weight and the ideal weight was positive in the high school girls of normal weight as well as in the overweight girls, meaning that even the normal-weight girls wanted to lose weight. The difference was also slightly positive in the underweight girls. The difference in the high school boys was negative, demonstrating that they wished to gain weight. It is suggested that girls want to lose weight even before adolescence; this tendency becomes more prominent in the high school period and is mostly unrelated to their own weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Efficacy of bromocriptine administration for selective pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone.

The relation between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothyronine (T3) was evaluated in a girl with the selective pituitary type of thyroid hormone resistance for more than 7 years to clarify whether bromocriptine was an effective treatment or not. Levels of T3 (before: 2.44 +/- 0.64 nmol/l, mean +/- SD) and TSH (4.81 +/- 2.52 mU/l) were significantly decreased during therapy (T3: 2.15 +/- 0.44 nmol/l; TSH: 1.59 +/- 0.78 mU/l). T3 x TSH, calculated as one of the indices of pituitary resistance, on bromocriptine therapy (3.229 +/- 1.255 mU/l x nmol/l) was significantly (p < 0.005) smaller than the product before the administration (11.298 +/- 5.891 mU/l x nmol/l). The results suggest that bromocriptine should be one of the agents initially considered for the treatment of pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1993

Elevated venous concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cord blood of infants with fetal distress.

Concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in cord plasma were determined in 70 neonates (birth weight, mean +/- SD, 3,213.5 +/- 50.9 g, gestation 39.5 +/- 0.2 weeks), 22 of whom had fetal distress. Arterial VIP levels in cord blood were not significantly different between infants with and without fetal distress. The mean venous VIP in cord blood of distressed infants (28.1 +/- 8.4 pg/ml, mean +/- SE) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of normal neonates (12.6 +/- 3.4 pg/ml). The mean placental content of VIP was 5.1 +/- 0.3 ng/g wet tissue, although a correlation with the venous concentration in the cord was not demonstrated. Venous VIP levels were elevated 24 h after birth (34.6 +/- 13.7 pg/ml) and decreased on the 5th day of life to 12.9 +/- 3.8 pg/ml, which was not significantly different from the mean VIP level in childhood (14.7 +/- 3.1 pg/ml). These results demonstrate that, in the perinatal period, plasma VIP levels are elevated on two occasions: at delivery associated with fetal distress (cord vein), and at 24 h of age. VIP in the former seems to be of placental and/or maternal origin.

Arteries↗
PubMed1993

Eating attitudes test in boys and girls aged 6-18 years: decrease in concerns with eating in boys and the increase in girls with their ages.

Concerns with eating were studied in 130 Japanese boys and 125 girls aged 6-18 years using the Simplified Eating Attitudes Test (s-EAT). The s-EAT scores in girls slightly increased with age. The mean scores in girls at age 10 years or older were significantly higher than in boys of the same age, suggesting that pubertal girls have more concerns with eating. On the other hand, s-EAT scores in boys that were not overweight decreased as they grew older, contributing, at least partly, to the sexual difference in eating behavior. The mean scores in overweight boys were higher than in boys that were not overweight. The score in boys correlated significantly with weight though there was no significant correlation in girls. These results suggest that, in addition to increased concerns with eating in girls, decreased concerns with age in boys is one of the causes of the sexual difference in eating behavior, especially during puberty. Eating behaviors in girls seem to be less influenced by changes in body weight than in boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Fat distribution in overweight patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome.

Overweight patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) and control children with similar weight/height and indices of overweight were studied to clarify the unique fat distribution in the syndrome. Triceps and ulnar skin-fold thickness (SFT) in UTS patients was significantly less than that of obese children without the syndrome. The means of SFT at the subscapular and paraumbilical regions were also less in the patients than control girls, though significance was not documented. Thus, increased body weight in UTS children seems mainly to be due to excess of adipose tissue, not in the limbs but on the trunk, and/or due to the increment of lean body mass.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

Refractoriness at peripheral and pituitary receptors in general and pituitary types of thyroid hormone resistance.

Patients with the general type (patient #1 and #2) and the selective pituitary type (#3) of thyroid hormone refractoriness (TR) were studied to clarify defects at peripheral and pituitary receptors. Products of T3 and TSH (n = 63) were calculated when T3 was above the normal limit (T3 > 1.8 ng/ml, 2.8 nmol/l) as one of the indices of pituitary resistance. Means of T3 (ng/ml) x TSH (mU/l) of patient #1 (mean; 40.8), #2 (15.0) and #3 (8.6) were significantly greater than patients with Graves' disease (2.1), suggesting pituitary refractoriness in the 3 patients. The products of patient #1 and #2 were also significantly larger than patient #3, demonstrating that the pituitary insensitivity in the latter (#3) was less than the former patients. Means of serum cholesterol in patients #1 and #2 were higher than patient #3 and patients with Graves' disease. Products of T3 (ng/ml) and cholesterol (mg/ml) (n = 28) in the patient #1 (541.9) and #2 (461.0) were significantly greater than the patient #3 (292.8) and the patients with Graves' disease (275.3). The results demonstrate generalized refractoriness in the patient #1 and #2 and selective pituitary resistance in the patient #3. It is suggested that our patient with the pituitary type (#3) had less severely affected receptors at the pituitary than our two patients with the general type. These results are consistent with the previous hypothesis that the pituitary type of TR is a partial form of this disease.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Skinfold thickness at ulnar, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac regions in 1,656 Japanese children aged 3-11 years.

We measured body weight, height, and skinfold thickness (SFT) at ulnar, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac regions in 1,656 Japanese children aged 3-11 years. Means of SFT in boys and girls with normal weight exhibited similar changes with age to Caucasian children. However, nadirs of SFT were observed 1 year earlier and means at 11 years were slightly higher in Japanese. Correlation coefficients between SFT and excess weight (EW) were high in boys and girls when EW was more than 10%. Some children with EW of more than 10% had abnormal SFT. Skinfolds in all children with EW of 30% or more were beyond the normal limits. In this study, normal ranges of SFT in Japanese children are demonstrated and their racial characteristics are compared to Caucasians. It is suggested that children with EW of 10-30% are heterogenous and determination of fat volume is essential to confirm the diagnosis of obesity in these subjects.

Body Height↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of obesity, leanness and anorexia nervosa in Japanese boys and girls aged 12-14 years.

Body weight and height of Japanese boys and girls aged 12-14 years were measured to calculate the prevalence of obesity, leanness and anorexia nervosa. In boys, the prevalence of obesity as well as leanness was significantly higher in the areas where population density was lower and among the boys who attended schools with smaller numbers of pupils. In the girls, these findings were similar to the boys. On the other hand, anorexia nervosa was found in girls only more commonly in the areas with higher population density and in the larger schools. These results suggest that higher prevalence of obesity in certain subjects may be associated with increased numbers of leanness but not with anorexia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ullrich-Turner syndrome and anorexia nervosa.

We report on a 6-year-old girl with Ullrich-Turner syndrome and anorexia nervosa. The diagnosis was made at 6 years and she became anorectic at 14 years. She had been treated with low doses of estrogen just before the onset of anorexia. In spite of remarkable decrease in food intake, her body weight was in the normal range compared to standard weight. Rohrer indices were also normal, probably due to abnormal habitus in individuals with the syndrome. The pathogenetic relationship between this disorder and the hormone treatment in the onset of anorexia nervosa is discussed.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1989

Prolonged suppression of gonadotropin secretion after weight recovery in an anorectic patient with Turner's syndrome: reduced gonadal function in anorexia nervosa is independent in part on nutrition.

Two hypotheses have been postulated as to the pathogenesis of hypogonadotropinemia in anorexia nervosa; one is starvation and weight loss and the other is a psychological factor to influence gonadotropin secretion. Our patient suffered from very rare concurrence of Turner's syndrome and anorexia nervosa and a study of this experiment in nature provided important evidences concerning decreased secretion of gonadotropins in the eating disorder. The patient was diagnosed as Turner's syndrome when she was 6 years old. Her gonadotropin levels were elevated to the castrated ranges (LH 61.8 IU/l; FSH 175.8 IU/l) after 8 years of age. She was noticed to be anorectic at the age of 13 years. Serum levels of the pituitary gonadotropins were lowered (LH 2.9 IU/l; FSH 3.0 IU/l) and their responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone were decreased beneath the normal prepubertal limits. After one year of the anorectic period, she recovered the weight though her gonadotropin levels remained in the very low ranges (LH 2.7 IU/l; FSH 2.5 IU/l). The results suggest that hypogonadism in anorexia nervosa is not solely caused by nutritional deficiency but rather by other factors such as psychological abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Hypodipsic hypernatremia associated with absence of septum lucidum and olfactory dysfunction.

A case of hypodipsic hypernatremia in a 16-month-old Japanese boy is reported. Partial antidiuretic hormone deficiency was present. Computed tomography of the brain revealed absence of septum lucidum. No ophthalmological abnormality could be found. He had hyposmia, which has not been reported previously in association with hypernatremia due to hypodipsia. Forced fluid administration and nasal 1-deamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin treatment could maintain serum electrolyte levels within normal ranges. However, episodes of hypernatremia could not be completely avoided while he was treated with 1-deamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin and ad libitum oral fluid.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunodeficiency with increased immunoglobulin M associated with growth hormone insufficiency.

Growth hormone deficiency associated with hypogammaglobulinemia has been reported only in a few publications. Our patient was a male with recurrent episodes of infections. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G was extremely low although IgM concentration was much greater than the normal limit. Growth hormone responses to insulin, 1-Dopa and growth hormone-releasing hormone were low. The mean growth hormone concentration during sleep was less than the normal limit. These results are consistent with hyper-IgM immunodeficiency associated with growth hormone deficiency. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal dominant. This combination has not been reported previously.

Adolescent↗