Biomedical subjects

K Higashino

Publications and source records attributed to K Higashino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Excessive production of transforming growth-factor beta 1 can play an important role in the development of tumorigenesis by its action for angiogenesis: validity of neutralizing antibodies to block tumor growth.

Angiogenesis is an important part of tumor growth in vivo. We used the transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that overproduced recombinant transforming growth-factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) to examine the possible role of this factor in tumor growth and angiogenesis in a nude mouse model. The in-vitro proliferation of TGF-beta 1-transfected CHO cells was unaffected by the treatment of either recombinant TGF-beta 1 or an anti-TGF-beta 1 antibody. The TGF-beta 1-transfected cells grew more rapidly than the parental CHO cells when injected subcutaneously into nude mice. The tumors derived from the TGF-beta 1-transfected cells showed prominent tumor-associated angiogenesis, whereas the parental cells produced tumors without such angiogenesis. In addition, an anti-TGF-beta 1 neutralizing antibody was able to inhibit both growth and angiogenesis in the tumors derived from TGF-beta 1-transfected cells. These findings suggest that the overproduction of TGF-beta 1 by tumor cells can contribute to neovascularization and may help promote tumor development in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

An immunoreactive xanthine oxidase protein-possessing xanthinuria and her family.

The presence of immunoreactive xanthine oxidase protein was proven in a xanthinuric patient, using a polyclonal antibody against xanthine oxidase. The antibody was raised against purified human liver xanthine oxidase in a rabbit. Double immunodiffusion method demonstrated the existence of an immunologically reactive xanthine oxidase which did not possess xanthine oxidase activity. In addition, urinary excretion of oxypurines in the patient and her family was investigated. The results indicated that a brother and a sister had xanthinuria.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Enzymatic basis of sugar structures of alpha-fetoprotein in hepatoma and hepatoblastoma cell lines: correlation with activities of alpha 1-6 fucosyltransferase and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and V.

alpha-Fetoproteins (AFPs) were purified from 2 hepatoma cell lines (Hep G2 and HuH-7) and a hepatoblastoma cell line (HuH-6), and the structures of pyridylaminated (PA) derivatives of their sugar chains were analyzed by HPLC. Simultaneously, the activities of alpha 1-6 fucosyltransferase (alpha 1-6FT) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), IV (GnT-IV) and V (GnT-V) were assayed in these cell lines. For all 3 cell lines the major sugar chain detected was a fucosylated biantennary structure. Hep G2 cells contained a high level of GnT-V, which catalyzes the formation of a tri'-antennary structure, and in fact a substantial percentage of the AFP sugar chains in these cells had the tri'-antennary structure. alpha 1-6FT was also high, and fucosylated tri' structures were detected, which suggests that high activities of transferases affect the AFP sugar chains. In HuH-6 cells, GnT-III, which catalyzes the formation of bisecting GlcNAc, was elevated. Correspondingly, a fucosylated, bisected biantennary structure was found as a major sugar chain. In the HuH-7 cell line, the contents of bisecting GlcNAc and tri' structure were low and neither GnT-III nor GnT-V was elevated. These data indicate that the sugar structures of AFP in these cell lines correlate well with the activities of alpha 1-6 FT, GnT-III and GnT-V.

Carbohydrates↗

PubMed1992

Role and regulation of interleukin (IL)-2 receptor alpha and beta chains in IL-2-driven B-cell growth.

Substantial proportions of resting B cells constitutively express low levels of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) alpha and/or beta chains. The expression of these chains is differentially regulated by anti-IgM and IL-2/IL-4. The anti-IgM induces IL-2R alpha chain expression, whereas each of the two cytokines induces IL-2R beta chain expression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, IL-2 induces the growth of B cells, when the cells were pretreated with IL-2 or IL-4 for 24 h. The magnitude of this IL-2-driven B-cell growth depends upon the level of IL-2R beta chain expression. Costimulation of the B cells with IL-2 and anti-IgM shifts the dose-response curve, and the cells proliferate at an IL-2 concentration as low as 40 pM. These results indicate that the levels of anti-IgM-induced IL-2R alpha chain and IL-2-induced IL-2R beta chain determine the sensitivity of the cells to IL-2.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Serum laminin P1 in small cell lung cancer: a valuable indicator of distant metastasis?

Serum laminin P1 was studied in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), respiratory infections, pulmonary fibrosis, and in normal subjects. The level of serum laminin P1 was elevated (greater than 1.27 U ml-1) in 58.9% of SCLC and in 11.5% of NSCLC patients. Median value in SCLC was significantly higher than that in NSCLC (P less than 0.01), respiratory infection (P less than 0.01), and in normal subjects (P less than 0.01), but not statistically different from that in pulmonary fibrosis. The levels of serum laminin P1 in SCLC were related to therapeutic response. However, no certain correlation was established between the level of laminin P1 and the clinical stage of SCLC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1992

Establishment of an enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibody (HG1-219) and its application for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb HG1-219) against a human gastric cancer cell line (HuG-1) and its shedding antigen (HG1-219 Ag) was generated and a solid-phase sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA-219) was developed. The mean serum HG1-219 Ag concentration in normal individuals was 30.5 +/- 14.5 U/ml measured by EIA-219. When the mean +3 SD of the antigen concentration in normal individuals was used as a cut-off level, 4.3% (2/47) of patients with chronic hepatitis, 9.1% (4/44) of cirrhotic patients and 37.5% (18/48) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had HG1-219 Ag above the cut-off value. The positive rates of a-fetoprotein (AFP) (> 400 ng/ml) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC were 26.7% (12/45) and 33.3% (12/36), respectively. There was no significant correlation between HG1-219 Ag and AFP or PIVKA-II in patients with HCC. The combination assay of EIA-219, AFP and PIVKA-II for HCC gave the positive rate of 75% (27/36). The effect of periodic acid on the HG1-219 Ag and the inhibition of EIA-219 by CA 19-9 suggest that the epitope of HG1-219 Ag is a suger chain similar to CA 19-9.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Two cases in whom pyrazinamide does not inhibit the uricosuric action of benzbromarone.

The 2 subjects were a diabetic male with renal hypouricemia and a healthy male with normouricemia. In these subjects, 200 mg of benzbromarone increased fractional uric acid clearance (FUa) and 3.0 g of pyrazinamide decreased FUa. However, pyrazinamide did not inhibit the uricosuric action of benzbromarone at all on the administration of 3.0 g of pyrazinamide together with 200 mg of benzbromarone. These results indicated that in these cases, the relative role of each component could not be determined on the basis of the hypothetical four-component model.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Malignant lymphoma in the mesentery with immune thrombocytopenia.

A 69-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of an abdominal mass. After admission, he was suspected of having a malignant mesenteric tumor. Laboratory data disclosed thrombocytopenia with increased levels of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G. On surgery, the tumor involved the ileal mesentery, invading the urinary bladder and mucosal surface of the terminal ileum. The diagnosis of mesenteric lymphoma with immune thrombocytopenia was made. Complete remission was obtained after surgery and the subsequent three courses of combination chemotherapy. However, thrombocytopenia still persisted. This rare presentation is discussed with a review of the available literature.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Small cell lung cancer with extensive cutaneous and gastric metastases.

A case of a 60-year-old Japanese woman with small cell lung cancer involving skin and stomach is reported. She was diagnosed as primary small cell lung cancer accompanied by extensive cutaneous metastases. Three months after the last chemotherapy, she complained of nausea and vomiting. Brain CT scan showed no evidence of central nervous system involvement. Upper gastrointestinal study and upper gastrointestinal fiberscopy revealed multiple metastatic gastric tumors. Skin and stomach are uncommon metastatic sites for any malignancy. Furthermore, only a few cases with gastric metastasis could be diagnosed during their lifetime.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗

PubMed1992

A variant serum cholinesterase and a confirmed point mutation at Gly-365 to Arg found in a patient with liver cirrhosis.

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of possible liver cirrhosis. His serum cholinesterase was anomalously low with a delta pH of 0.1 (normal range; 0.8-1.1). His enzyme was more heat-labile than the normal controls. Km value of his enzyme for benzoylcholine was 1.1 x 10(-5) mol/l, while that for normal controls was 2.3 x 10(-6) mol/l. In addition, isozymic alteration of his enzyme was observed. Sequencing of the white blood cell DNA of the patient showed a point mutation at nucleotide 1093 (GGA to CGA), which changes codon 365 from glycine to arginine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the bronchus producing cancer-associated antigen, CA19-9.

A 73-year-old male was admitted to Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital for further evaluation of chest x-ray abnormalities. Chest roentgenogram taken at admission showed right lower lobe atelectasis and bronchoscopic examination revealed an endobronchial tumor obstructing the left lower lobe bronchus. The biopsy specimen showed cribriform adenoid cystic carcinoma. The serum CA19-9 level was markedly elevated at admission, leading to immunohistochemical analysis of the biopsy specimen. As a result, in the tumor, CA19-9 was positively stained. This is probably the first reported case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the bronchus which produces CA19-9.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma: a case report and review of the Japanese literature.

A rare case of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma incidentally found during an annual health examination is presented. The patient was an asymptomatic female, age 26. Physical examination and routine laboratory studies gave normal results. The plasma concentrations and 24-h urinary excretion of catecholamine and its metabolites were within the normal range. The patient was diagnosed as having a left supra-renal mass (6.3 x 3.6 cm) by abdominal ultrasonography, although by image diagnosis the paraadrenal mass could not be discriminated from an adrenal tumor. Operation was performed under the suspicion of a nonfunctioning adrenal tumor. The tumor removed was 8 x 6 x 4 cm, 98 g and was encapsulated. Histopathological diagnosis of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma was confirmed. Forty-one cases of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma in the Japanese literature including the present case are reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Aplastic anemia successfully treated with erythropoietin and rhG-CSF].

A 32 year-old female admitted to our hospital with pancytopenia. The hematological data on admission were: RBC: 247 x 10(4)/microliters, Hb: 8.8 g/dl, Plts: 13,000/microliters, WBC: 2,500/microliters. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsied specimen showed marked hypocellularity without infiltration of abnormal cells. A diagnosis of aplastic anemia was made. Neither high-dose methyl-prednisolone pulse therapy nor anti-lymphocyte globulin were effective. With combination of oxymetholone (30 mg/day), recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEpo; 12,000 U/day, three times a week) and recombinant granulocyte-colony simulating factor (rHuG-CSF; 33 micrograms/day) for 3 months, remarkable improvements of hematological data were obtained. Her hemoglobin level reached 11.4 g/dl, and platelets count 49,000/microliters. However, 4 weeks after the withdrawal of erythropoietin and G-CSF administrations, her platelet count fell to 12,000/microliters. It was suggested that combination therapy with erythropoietin and G-CSF were effective for aplastic anemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical analysis of CA19-9, SLX, and CA125 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of trachea and bronchus].

We examined the usefulness of 3 carbohydrate antigens, CA19-9, CA125, and SLX, as tumor markers in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea and bronchus, immunohistochemically and clinically. CA19-9 and SLX were detected immunohistochemically in normal tracheal and bronchial glands, but CA125 was not detected. Bronchial secretions obtained from 7 patients without cancer contained high levels of these 3 carbohydrate antigens. There was positive immunohistochemical staining for CA19-9, CA125, and SLX in 5 of 9, 1 of 9, and 3 of 8 patients with tracheal or bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma, respectively. In a case of bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma in whom pretreatment serum CA19-9 showed a very high level, this marker changed in parallel with the clinical course. These results suggest the possibility that CA19-9 and SLX could be used as useful markers in patients with tracheal and bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗

PubMed1992

Interactions of lung cancer cells with the human mesothelial cell monolayer: an in vitro model for cancer invasion.

An in vitro monolayer model for cancer invasion was developed, comprising cultured layers of human pleura-derived mesothelial cells (PM cells). The cells were isolated from normal human pleura at autopsy and cultured in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum; they were polygonal in shape, forming a pavement-like structure, and preserved the morphologic characteristics of mesothelial cells. When small cell lung cancer cells (OC-10 cells) were seeded on to the monolayer of PM cells, they attached themselves to the monolayer, invaded it and formed flattened cancer cell nests beneath it. By counting the number of cancer cells penetrated, the in vitro invasiveness (invasive capacity) of the cancer cells was assayed. The invasive capacity of poorly invasive cells (10N), which were cloned from OC-10 cells, was five times less than that of the parental OC-10 cells. These results indicate our system to provide a useful model for studying human cancer cell invasion.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗

PubMed1992

[Atrial natriuretic peptide and plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The relationship between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) was examined in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 17). The plasma ANP level in patients was approximately twice that in normal subjects. A reciprocal relationship between ANP and PRA was shown in normal subjects; however, this relationship was not observed in COPD. Plasma ANP levels inversely correlated with PaO2, and tended to inversely correlate with angiotensin converting enzyme activity in serum. These results demonstrate that patients with COPD have higher plasma ANP concentration, and that ANP and PRA are not reciprocally related in stable COPD.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Interleukin-6 in hematological diseases with septic shock].

The authors measured the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), endotoxin and CRP from 7 patients of documented sepsis with hematological disorders. IL-6 was higher in patients who developed septic shock, compared with patients who had only sepsis. These data revealed the importance in the level of IL-6, rather than endotoxin and CRP, in managing the patients with septic shock.

Hematologic Diseases↗

PubMed1992

[A case of central nervous system sarcoidosis, presenting with psychomotor seizure].

A rare case of neurosarcoidosis presenting with psychomotor seizure is reported. A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our ward for further evaluation of syncopal attacks and suspected sarcoidosis. The patient had a history of syncopal attacks for about 15 years prior to admission; however, the pathogenesis was not clarified in spite of various examinations. Three months prior to admission, left peripheral facial nerve palsy, bilateral hypopion and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on plain chest film were noted at the departments of neurosurgery and ophthalmology of our hospital. She was referred and admitted to our ward. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made by scalene node biopsy. The syncopal attacks could not be controlled by several anticonvulsant agents. Although no significant findings were observed on brain CT and cerebral angiography, spike wave was revealed on electroencephalography (EEG) in the parieto-temporal lead. The syncopal attacks were diagnosed psychomotor seizures from both the clinical features and the EEG findings. We concluded that syncope was caused by neurosarcoidosis. The patient was prescribed steroid with much improvement of these symptoms.

Adult↗