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K Hisatsune

Publications and source records attributed to K Hisatsune.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

An N-[(R)-(-)-2-hydroxypropionyl]-alpha-L-perosamine homopolymer constitutes the O polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide from Vibrio cholerae O144 which has antigenic factor(s) in common with V. cholerae O76.

Chemical and serological studies were performed with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Vibrio cholerae O144 (O144). The LPS of O144 contained D-glucose, D-galactose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose, D-fructose, D-quinovosamine (2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-D-gluco-pyranose) and L-perosamine (4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-L-manno-pyranose). The perosamine, a major component sugar of the LPS from O144, was in an L-configuration, as is also the case in the LPS from V. cholerae O76 (O76), in contrast to the D-configuration of the perosamine in the LPS of V. cholerae O1. A structural analysis revealed that the O polysaccharide chain of the LPS from O144 is an alpha(1-->2)-linked homopolymer of (R)-(-)-2-hydroxypropionyl-L-perosamine. The serological cross-reactivity between O144 and O76 was clearly revealed by cross-agglutination and cross-agglutinin absorption tests with whole cells, as well as by passive hemolysis tests with sheep red-blood cells that had been sensitized with the LPS from O144 and O76. In contrast, in passive hemolysis tests, the LPS of O144 did not cross-react serologically with the LPSs from other strains such as V. cholerae O1 (Ogawa and Inaba), V. cholerae O140, Vibrio bio-serogroup 1875 (Original and Variant) and Yersinia enterocolitica O9. The LPSs from these strains consist of O polysaccharide chains composed of alpha(1-->2)-linked homopolymers of D-perosamine with various N-acyl groups, and they share the Inaba antigen factor C of V. cholerae O1 in common. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the absolute configuration of the perosamine residue in homopolymers plays a very important role in the expression of the serological specificity of the Inaba antigen factor C of V. cholerae O1.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1995

Vibrio parahaemolyticus O serotypes from O1 to O13 all produce R-type lipopolysaccharide: SDS-PAGE and compositional sugar analysis.

The molecular architecture of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from all O serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was investigated. In gel chromatography on a Sephadex G-50 column, the degraded polysaccharide fraction prepared from each serotype LPS by mild acid hydrolysis yielded only core oligosaccharide (Frc II) and monosaccharide (Frc III) fractions, but no fraction (Frc I) corresponding to O polysaccharide chain consisting of polymeric repeating oligosaccharide units. Compositional sugar analysis of Frc II and III suggested that the sugar chain of LPS of all the serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus consisted of at most ten monosaccharides. Sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the LPS resulted in no doublet ladder band similar to that observed for S-type enterobacterial LPS. These results are compatible with the interpretation that V. parahaemolyticus O serotypes from O1 to O13 all produce R-type LPS, despite the morphologically smooth appearance, demonstrated virulence and serological O-specificity.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1995

Immunochemistry of group A and Inaba C antigen factors constituting the O antigen of O1 Vibrio cholerae.

Serological cross-reactivity among intact lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from O1 Vibrio cholerae Inaba O-form (Inaba), Yersinia enterocolitica O9 (O9), non-O1 V. cholerae serogroup Hakata (Hakata) and Vibrio bio-serogroup 1875 Variant (1875 Variant) (all of which share Inaba antigen factor C), as well as a total of six kinds of chemically modified LPS (three from O9 and three from Inaba) was demonstrated by passive hemolysis and passive hemolysis inhibition by using these LPS as antigen for sensitizing sheep red blood cells and as inhibitor. These intact as well as chemically modified LPS contained, in their O polysaccharide chain, alpha(1-->2)-linked linear perosamine (4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-manno-pyranose) homopolymers with different N-acyl groups: their acyl groups comprise 3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl (Inaba LPS), formyl (O9 LPS), 3-hydroxypropionyl (1875 Variant LPS), acetyl (Hakata LPS and artificially introduced into Inaba and O9 LPS), propionyl and butyryl (both artificially introduced into Inaba and O9 LPS) groups. N-Deacylation of the alpha(1-->2)-linked N-(3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl)perosamine homopolymer of Inaba and the N-formyl one of O9 LPS resulted in virtual elimination of their serological reactivity with both homologous and heterologous antisera. Furthermore, when the resultant NH2 groups of the N-deacylated perosamine homopolymers of both LPS were N-acylated with acetyl, propionyl or butyryl groups, they markedly recovered both of their serological reactivities. These results are compatible with the interpretation that the Inaba antigen factor C possessed by the four bacteria is substantially related to the common presence of N-acyl groups, regardless of their identity, residing in the perosamine residues constituting the O polysaccharide chain of their LPS. It was also indicated that the group antigen factor A of O1 V. cholerae is substantially related to the 3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl groups residing in the perosamine homopolymer of Inaba LPS.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Abnormal behavior in adiabatic calorimetry of set dental stone.

Dehydration in set dental stone was studied by employing specific heat measurements. Dehydration proceeds in two steps in air. In the case of bulk samples, especially those made with a lower water-powder ratio, three endothermic reaction stages are observed; a reaction of the dihydrate to the hemihydrate is apparently separated in two, one of which is not inherent. It is thought that the occurrence of a new peak is due to the difficulty for the dehydrated water to escape, depending on the porosity of the set stone.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

Dimensional changes related to ordering in an AuCu-3wt%Ga alloy at intraoral temperature.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distortion behavior of a gold alloy with age-hardening ability at intraoral temperature induced by phase transformations. METHODS: Bridge-type specimens were prepared using AuCu-3wt%Ga alloy with age-hardening ability at 37 degrees C. Dimensional changes, hardness and surface roughness were measured. Transmission electron microscopy observation was carried out using AuCu-3wt%Ga discs aged at 37 degrees C for 30 d. RESULTS: Hardening was brought about rapidly in the initial stage of aging at 37 degrees C owing to ordering. The ordering was attributed to the formation of AuCu I and AuCu II superlattices. A linear contraction of 0.04% was induced by aging at 37 degrees C for 3 d. Distortion of the bridge-type specimen was brought about by a combination of linear contractions. The surface roughness increased in the initial stage of aging due to the surface relief effect of internal coherency strain caused by tetragonality. SIGNIFICANCE: The mode of distortion may be more advantageous for use in crown-type rather than inlay-type restorations, and the amount of contraction may not produce any problems in clinical use.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1994

Biological activities of lipopolysaccharide isolated from Vibrio cholerae O139, a new epidemic strain for recent cholera in Indian subcontinent.

Biological activities of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Vibrio cholerae O139, a new causative agent for recent cholera epidemic in Indian subcontinent, were investigated in comparison with those of LPS from O1 V. cholerae. V. cholerae O139 LPS exerted mitogenic activity, lethal toxicity and Shwartzman reaction to the same extent as those observed for O1 V. cholerae LPS, although these activities except for lethal toxicity were obviously lower than those of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 LPS used as a reference. It was, therefore, suggested that O139 LPS does not contribute to the high infective and pathogenic potentials of the V. cholerae O139 strain as in the case of O1 V. cholerae.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

O-antigenic lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal, a new epidemic strain for recent cholera in the Indian subcontinent.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal contained colitose (3,6-dideoxy-L-galactose) in addition to glucose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose, fructose, glucosamine and quinovosamine in its polysaccharide and only glucosamine in lipid A, while perosamine, a characteristic component sugar of V. cholerae O1 LPS, was absent. 3-Hydroxydodecanoic, tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic acids as ester-bound fatty acids and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid as amide-bound fatty acid were identified in the lipid A. A very high serological specificity of O139 LPS distinct from that of O1 V. cholerae was demonstrated by passive hemolysis and passive hemolysis inhibition tests by using the LPS either as antigen for sensitizing sheep red blood cells or as inhibitor in the latter test.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1993

N-3-hydroxypropionyl-alpha-D-perosamine homopolymer constituting the O-chain of lipopolysaccharides from Vibrio bioserogroup 1875 possessing antigenic factor(s) in common with O1 Vibrio cholerae.

A structural study was performed by 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy and methylation analysis of the O-chain of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Vibrio bioserogroup 1875 possessing antigenic factor(s) in common with O1 Vibrio cholerae. It was demonstrated to contain a linear homopolymer of (1-->2)-linked N-3-hydroxypropionyl-alpha-D-perosamine [4-(3-hydroxypropanamido)-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose], which is very similar to, but not identical with, both (1-->2)-linked linear N-3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl(S-2,4-dihydroxybutyryl)-alpha-D - perosamine homopolymer and (1-->2)-linked linear N-acetyl-alpha-D-perosamine homopolymer which constitute the O-chains of O1 V. cholerae and non-O1 V. cholerae bioserogroup Hakata LPS respectively.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1993

Chemical structure of the 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate region of lipopolysaccharide isolated from Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis.

Structural analysis of the 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis was carried out. The substitution of the polysaccharide portion on the KDO was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of the product obtained by sequential derivatization of the LPS, including dephosphorylation, permethylation, carboxyl reduction, partial hydrolysis, carbonyl reduction, complete hydrolysis and O-acetylation. It was revealed that the KDO carries the polysaccharide on its position C5 and is phosphorylated on either position C7 or C8, although its exact position is not determined. The structure of the KDO region of P. gingivalis LPS in Gram-negative bacterial LPS had not hitherto been elucidated.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMed1993

Occurrence of 2-O-methyl-N-(3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl)-D-perosamine (4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-manno-pyranose) in lipopolysaccharide from Ogawa but not from Inaba O forms of O1 Vibrio cholerae.

A structural study by GC-MS, methylation analysis, and 1H and 13C NMR was carried out on alpha (1-->2)-linked linear N-(3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl)-D-perosamine homopolymer constituting the O-polysaccharide chain of lipopolysaccharide from O1 Vibrio cholerae Ogawa and Inaba O forms. Occurrence of 2-O-methyl-N-(3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl)-D-perosamine was demonstrated at the non-reducing terminus of the perosamine-homopolymer of lipopolysaccharide from the Ogawa O form in contrast to the presence of N-(3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronyl)-D-perosamine at the nonreducing terminus for the Inaba O form.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1993

Location of fructose in lipopolysaccharide isolated from 01 Vibrio cholerae NIH 41R.

Fructose, a rarely occurring sugar constituent of Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), is distributed ubiquitously in LPS of 01 Vibrio cholerae so far examined, but its location in LPS has not hitherto been elucidated. It was found that hydrazinolysis of LPS successfully affords a derivative retaining virtually all the fructose of intact LPS, but no ester-bound phosphate. Structural analysis carried out on the LPS derivative prepared by the hydrazinolysis of R-type LPS isolated from a rough mutant strain (NIH 41R) of 01 V. cholerae NIH 41 (Ogawa) revealed that the fructose is present as a non-reducing terminal residue bound to position C-6 of a glucose residue in the core region. This finding is considered to exclude the possibility that, in the LPS of 01 V. cholerae, the fructose is present in the region of the inner core in place of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1993

Lipopolysaccharide isolated from a new O-antigenic form (O13) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

The chemical properties of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from a new O-antigenic form (O13) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated. The LPS contained glucose, galactose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose and glucosamine. 2-Keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) was not detected in the LPS by the periodate-thiobarbituric acid test (Weissbach's reaction) under conventional hydrolysis conditions. Instead, phosphorylated KDO (X1 and X2) was found in its strong-acid hydrolysate. This sugar composition was identical to that of V. parahaemolyticus O3, O5 and O11 LPS, indicating that, based on the sugar composition, O13 LPS belongs to Chemotype III to which O3, O5 and O11 belong. In addition, structural study demonstrated the presence of KDO 4-phosphate in its inner-core region.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1993

A chemotaxonomic study of Vibrio fluvialis based on the sugar composition of the polysaccharide portion of the lipopolysaccharides.

A chemotaxonomic study was carried out with a new serotyping scheme comprising 35 O-antigen groups of Vibrio fluvialis on the basis of the sugar composition of the polysaccharide portion of their lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A previously developed rapid method of preparing samples for compositional sugar analysis was employed. The 35 O-antigen groups were divided into 21 chemotypes. It is noted that a rarely occurring component sugar of gram-negative bacterial LPS, D-glycero-D-manno-heptose, and two kinds of uronic acids, i.e., galacturonic acid of a weakly bound type and glucuronic acid of a strongly bound type, were found in common in all the 21 chemotypes. A characteristic sugar component of gram-negative bacterial LPS, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (KDO), was not detectable in any of the 21 chemotypes. Instead, three kinds of "KDO-like substances" were found, one in each of three chemotypes (III, XI and XVII). They were strongly positive in Weissbach's periodate-thiobarbituric acid test for KDO, but definitely not identical to it in high-voltage paper electrophoresis (HVPE); the substance present in chemotype XI was indicated by HVPE to be 3-deoxy-D-threo-hexulosonic acid which is a sugar constituent of Vibrio parahaemolyticus O7 and O12 LPS.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1993

Chemical analysis of lipopolysaccharides of Shigella sonnei form II strains expressed by cloned form I antigen genes.

A compositional sugar analysis was carried out on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Shigella sonnei form II in which a plasmid with cloned form I antigen genes had been introduced. The recipient form II strains contained galactose, glucose, heptose, glucosamine, and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (KDO) (2: 3: 1: 2: 2) in its LPS, while the transformant form I LPS contained, besides these sugars, N-acetyl-L-altrosaminouronic acid as an additional sugar constituent, which is known to be one of the antigenic determinants of form I antigen.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1993

Effects of the current used on determining a critical temperature by electrical resistivity measurements in dental alloys.

The electrical resistivity measurement to determine a critical temperature (Tc) in a stoichiometric CuAu alloy is discussed on the dependence of the current used. The temperature was measured on two ways: With the thermocouple connected to the specimen by spot-welding, and with them separated. In the latter case, the greater the current, the lower the apparent Tc because of the generation of Joule heat. To obtain a more precise Tc, the current should be as small as possible or the thermocouple should be located as close as possible to the specimen. It is highly desirable for the thermocouple and the specimen to be welded together, if the effects of some contamination can be ignored in measuring system.

Copper↗
PubMed1992

Taxonomic implication of the apparent undetectability of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonate (Kdo) in lipopolysaccharides of the representatives of the family Vibrionaceae and the occurrence of Kdo 4-phosphate in their inner-core regions.

After conventional hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), Kdo was not detectable by the periodate-thiobarbituric acid test in those of any member of Vibrionaceae except the gems Plesiomonas, but phosphorylated Kdo was demonstrated after strong-acid hydrolysis. Dephosphorylation, periodate oxidation, and methylation analysis of LPS preparations from 7 strains selected from all genera of Vibrionaceae, except Plesiomonas, showed that the inner-core region (unlike that in enteric Gram-negative bacteria) contains only one molecule of Kdo 4-phosphate 5-substituted with heptose, a constituent of the distal part of the core region, as in enteric bacteria. The undetectability of Kdo in LPS after conventional hydrolysis and the occurrence of phosphorylated Kdo in strong-acid hydrolysates and of Kdo 4-phosphate in the inner-core region are taxonomic characteristics of the family Vibrionaceae.

Hydrolysis↗