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K Hoel

Publications and source records attributed to K Hoel.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Entry of coronavirus into primate CNS following peripheral infection.

A previous report demonstrated that intracerebrally inoculated coronavirus produced CNS disease in two species of primates (Murray RS, Cai G-Y, Hoel K, et al., Virol 1992; 188: 274-84). We were therefore interested in testing the potential of coronaviruses to infect primate CNS tissue following peripheral inoculation. Four Owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) were inoculated intranasally and ocularly and four were inoculated intravenously with coronavirus JHM OMp1 (Murray RS, Cai G-Y, Hoel K, et al., Virol 1992; 188: 274-84). Two intranasally and two intravenously inoculated animals received a second intravenous inoculum at 153 days post-infection. The animals were sacrificed 16, 35, 194, and 215 days post-infection. Tissue sections from brain and spinal cord were screened for viral products by in sity hybridization and immunostaining. Virus RNA and/or antigen was detected in the brains of all animals and the distribution corresponded to areas of inflammation and edema. Viral products were predominantly found in blood vessels and perivascular regions, suggesting hematogenous spread with entry into the central nervous system through endothelium.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1993

Coronavirus JHM OMP1 pathogenesis in owl monkey CNS and coronavirus infection of owl monkey CNS via peripheral routes.

Two separate studies are described in this report. First, 5 Owl monkeys were inoculated intracerebrally (IC) with coronavirus JHM OMP1; this virus isolate was cultured from the brain of an animal inoculated with uncloned MHV JHM. Two of the animals became neurological impaired and were sacrificed; these animals had developed severe encephalomyelitis as previously described. Two of the remaining 3 healthy animals were inoculated IC again at 90 days post-inoculation (DPI) and all 3 were sacrificed approximately 5 months after the first virus inoculation. Despite the lack of detectable infectious virus, viral RNA and antigen, all 3 animals had significant white matter inflammation and areas of demyelination in the spinal cord. In the second study 4 Owl monkeys were inoculated intranasally (IN) and ocularly and 4 inoculated intravenously (i.v.) with JHM OMP1. The animals were sacrificed between 16 and 215 DPI with 2 IN and 2 i.v. animals receiving a second i.v. inoculum at 152 DPI. Viral RNA and/or antigen was detected in the brains of all animals and the distribution corresponded to areas of inflammation and edema. One of the animals that received the second inoculum developed neurological impairment and subsequent analysis of tissues showed viral antigen in both brain and spinal cord. Viral products were predominantly found in blood vessels suggesting hematogenous spread with entry into the central nervous system (CNS) through endothelium.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1992

Coronavirus infects and causes demyelination in primate central nervous system.

Two species of primates, Owl and African green monkeys, were inoculated intracerebrally with either the neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus JHM or the putative multiple sclerosis brain coronavirus isolate SD. These viruses caused an acute to subacute panencephalitis and/or demyelination in the infected animals. The course of pathogenesis and sites of detected viral RNA and antigen was dependent both on animal species and virus strain but the results clearly showed that these viruses replicated and disseminated in the central nervous system (CNS) of these primates. This study suggests that human CNS may be susceptible to coronavirus infection.

Animals↗