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Biomedical subjects

K Hollenbach

Publications and source records attributed to K Hollenbach.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Effects of ultrasound on maternal-fetal bonding: a comparison of two- and three-dimensional imaging.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two-dimensional (2DUS) compared to three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) imaging on the maternal-fetal bonding process. METHODS: Fifty mothers who had 2DUS and 50 who had 2DUS and 3DUS were included in the study. A postpartum survey by telephone interview was carried out to assess maternal-fetal bonding. Bonding was evaluated by analysis of extent of prenatal image sharing, maternal ability to form a mental picture of the baby and mother's comments about their ultrasound images. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests. RESULTS: Mothers who received 3DUS showed their ultrasound images to more people (median, 27.5; interquartile range, 14.5-40.0) than mothers receiving 2DUS alone (median, 11.0; interquartile range, 5.0-25.5) (P < 0.001, Z = -3.539). Eighty-two percent of the subjects screened with 3DUS had a greater tendency to form a mental picture of the baby postexamination compared to 39% of the 2DUS subjects (P < 0.001, Z = -3.614). Mothers receiving a 3DUS study were more likely to receive comments on the similarities/differences of the neonate compared to those having 2DUS studies. Furthermore, 70% of the mothers receiving 3DUS felt they 'knew' the baby immediately after birth vs. 56% of the mothers receiving 2DUS (P = 0.009, Z = -2.613). Both 2DUS and 3DUS experiences were positive, however, the comments made by the mothers undergoing 3DUS (n = 18) were more exclamatory (amazed, wonderful, fabulous) than those undergoing 2DUS (n = 4). Patients having a 3DUS examination consistently scored higher than those having a 2DUS examination alone for all categories of maternal-fetal bonding. CONCLUSION: 3DUS appears to more positively influence the perceptions of mothers to their babies postbirth compared to 2DUS. Specifically, mothers who had 3DUS showed their ultrasound images to a greater number of people compared to mothers who had 2DUS alone and this may represent mother's social support system. 3DUS may have a greater impact on the maternal-fetal bonding process.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The Prevalence of von Willebrand disease in women with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Although a common symptom of von Willebrand disease is menorrhagia or metrorrhagia, the prevalence of this inherited bleeding disorder in women with heavy bleeding is not known. This pilot study compared the prevalence rate of von Willebrand disease in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding with the prevalence rate in the general population. On average, these women bled for 11.5 days per month and experienced heavy bleeding for >16 years. Over 60% had been treated previously for heavy bleeding. One woman was diagnosed with type 1 von Willebrand disease (5% prevalence rate). Larger studies are needed to confirm this increased rate of von Willebrand disease in women with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Reduced charges and costs associated with outpatient autologous stem cell transplantation.

High-dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue is increasingly being delivered in the outpatient setting. Such intensive outpatient management programs have reduced the total hospital length of stay without compromising clinical outcomes. However, a detailed financial analysis of outpatient programs has not been performed. These data are the results of a prospective study of 94 patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant in one of three settings: traditional inpatient, partial outpatient, total outpatient. Patients were allowed to choose their own treatment setting based upon the availability of a caregiver and personal preference. Total hospital length of stay and the actual cost and charges for each patient were monitored prospectively. The patients in the three groups were well balanced with regard to age and functional status prior to high-dose chemotherapy. The average length of stay was reduced from 17.3 to 8.2 to 2.7 days in the three different treatment settings (P < 0.01). Mean procedure costs were reduced from $39.7 thousand (US dollars) to $36.2 thousand to $29.4 thousand in the three treatment settings (P < 0.029). No differences in toxicity or overall response to therapy was noted. High-dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue can be safely administered in the outpatient setting and results in significant cost savings.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Epidural analgesia compared with combined spinal-epidural analgesia during labor in nulliparous women.

BACKGROUND: Among nulliparous women, there appears to be an association between the use of epidural analgesia during labor and an increased risk of dystocia. We tested the hypothesis that combined spinal-epidural analgesia, which permits ambulation during labor, is associated with a lower incidence of dystocia than continuous lumbar epidural analgesia. METHODS: Between July 1995 and September 1996, we randomly assigned 761 nulliparous women in spontaneous labor at term who requested epidural analgesia to receive either continuous lumbar epidural analgesia or a combination of spinal and epidural analgesia. Among the women who received combined spinal-epidural analgesia, some were discouraged from walking and others were encouraged to walk. Maternal and neonatal outcomes, the incidence of dystocia necessitating cesarean section, and measures of patients' satisfaction were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the overall rate of cesarean section, the incidence of dystocia, the frequency of maternal or fetal complications, the patients' or nursing staff's assessment of the adequacy of analgesia, or the degree of overall satisfaction between the two groups. Significantly more women receiving combined spinal-epidural analgesia had pruritus (P<0.001) and requested additional epidural bolus doses of local anesthetic (P=0.01). For all the women, dystocia necessitating cesarean section was significantly more likely when analgesia was administered with the fetal vertex at a negative station (odds ratio, 2.5; P<0.001) or at less than 4 cm of cervical dilatation (odds ratio, 2.2; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As compared with continuous lumbar epidural analgesia, the combination of spinal and epidural analgesia is not associated with an overall decrease in the incidence of cesarean delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Resource guide to occupant protection programs and materials.

This article lists public and private sector associations and organizations concerned with occupant protection. Many of these organizations will provide catalogues and other public information materials on occupant protection. Some have operational programs designed to influence their members in the health professions or the general public. All of the organizations have printed material available. Some provide additional resources on occupant protection such as educational kits, consumer information pamphlets, posters, written testimony, public service announcements, sample legislation, and audio visual aids useful in conjunction with health promotion program development. For information relative to state occupant protection programs, readers should contact their State Office of Highway (Traffic) Safety, Governor's Office, Regional Office of the National Highway Safety Administration, Regional Office of the Department of Health and Human Services, State Health Department or Department of Preventive Health Services, and regional or state affiliate chapters of national organizations, such as the Child Passenger Safety Associations and the National Safety Councils.

Automobiles↗
PubMed1980

[On the Polymorphism of barbiturates in powders and tablets. Part 4: the dissolution of barbital B and barbital A (modifications I and III and their release from tablets (author's transl)].

Two commercial brands of barbital (A: German Democratic Republic, modification III; B: Hungarian Peopl's Republic, modification I) were used to study the solubility and dissolution of the modifications. Crystals of these two substances were brought into the shape of tablets, the physical parameters and textural properties of which were determined. The effect of polymorphism on the release of these substances is discussed in the light of the results obtained from this investigation. The discussion will be continued and summarized in a subsequent paper, including further modifications.

Barbital↗
PubMed1980

[On the polymorphism of Barbiturates in powers and tablets. Part 5: The dissolution of recrystallized barbital substances and their release from tablet (author's transl)].

The dissolving characteristics of 6 different barbital modifications have been studied. With one exception, the metastable forms dissolved more rapidly than the stable form. The observed differences were not always significant. Substances recrystallized from an acetone-water mixture were less soluble in aqueous solvents than those recrystallized from water. The dissolving characteristics are changed by tabletting, the stable modification being more favourable in this respect. The solubility of barbital A2 was very poor. Consequently, it is not suited for therapeutic use. The dissolution rate was determined by means of the rotating basket method as described in the nineteenth edition of the U.S.P.

Barbital↗
PubMed1979

[On the polymorphism of barbiturates in powders and tablets. Part 1: Crystal optical studies on, and melting behaviour of barbital (author's transl)].

Crystal optical studies showed that barbital brands that conform to the standards of the DAB 7--DDR and the Ph. Hung. VI, respectively, present two different crystalline forms. After recrystallization form water or acetone-water mixture (1:1), the optical crystal picture of the brand conforming to the DAB 7--DDR prevails. The melting points of the commercial products do not differ from each other; both substances melt at 187.5 degrees C, whereas the melting points of the recrystallized products are 1.5 degrees and 2 degrees C, respectively, lower.

Barbital↗
PubMed1979

[On the polymorphism of barbiturates in powders and tablets. Part 2: On the infrared spectroscopy and the X-ray diffractometry of barbital (author's transl)].

By means of IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry, two commercial brands of barbital and four barbital substances recrystallized from water or an acetone-water mixture were examined for polymorphism. The results obtained demonstrate that these substances differ in crystal lattice and that there are six polymorphic modifications.

Barbital↗
PubMed1979

[On the polymorphism of barbiturates in powders and tablets - Part 3: The effect of the pressing power on the modification of barbital (author's transl)].

The authors took X-ray diffraction pictures from two commercial brands of barbital (produced in the GDR and in the Hungarian People's Republic, respectively), the interpretation of which convinced them that these two commercial brands are different modifications. These crystals were brought by pressure (10 and 20 kN) into the shape of tablets. Textural studies showed that both commercial brands are easy to compress. An increase in pressing power caused insignificant changes in the structure of the GDR product; and in the Hungarian commercial product, only slight changes were observed. It could be proved by X-ray diffraction analysis that the form of the barbital crystals is affected by the application of pressure. But this change occurs already under a pressure less than 10 kN. A further increase in pressing power produces no further changes in crystal structure.

Barbital↗