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Biomedical subjects

K Horváth

Publications and source records attributed to K Horváth.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Conformational analysis of beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside by molecular mechanics (MM2) calculations.

Conformational energies for models of the disaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside were computed by molecular mechanics using MM2(87). An initial investigation of staggered forms examined the linkage bonds characterized by the torsion angles phi, psi, and omega, and subsequently the fructose hydroxymethyl side groups, characterized by the torsion angles chi-1 and chi-6. Then, in our major search of conformational space, the torsion angles of two linkage bonds, phi and omega, were driven through 360 degrees in 20 degree increments at all staggered side group combinations. From these results, the low-energy forms were minimized without the driver restrictions to generate the global minimum structure found and herein reported. This conformer was then used to map the conformational space of phi and omega by driving only those torsion angles through 360 degrees. Both the 4(3)T (northern) conformer (Cremer-Pople puckering phase angle of phi 2 = 265 degrees) and the 3(4)T, (southern) conformer (phi 2 = 80 degrees) of the fructofuranose ring were tested for comparison, and both were shown to be significant contributors of populated forms. As these two conformers had different minima for a number of important torsion angles, experimental studies may reveal different properties than those expected solely from the preferred northern conformer.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1992

Anxiolytic profile of girisopam and GYKI 52,322 (EGIS 6775). Comparison with chlordiazepoxide and buspirone.

The anxiolytic action of two 2,3-benzodiazepines: girisopam: GYKI 51,189 (EGIS 5810): (1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-dimethoxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine), and GYKI 52,322 (EGIS 6775): (1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-dimethoxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine) was investigated in comparison to chlordiazepoxide and buspirone using three different animal models of anxiety: the lick conflict, the elevated plus maze and the open field methods in rats. Both 2,3-benzodiazepines exerted anxiolytic effect in all three tests used, however their pharmacological profile differs considerably from that of either chlordiazepoxide or buspirone. Using the animal models mentioned above the order of potency was GYKI 52,322 (EGIS 6775) > chlordiazepoxide > girisopam > buspirone.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Tardyferon therapy in hyposiderosis of infancy and childhood.

In the majority of cases iron deficiency of infancy and early childhood is caused by nutritional factors. Among diseases, absorption disorders are the most frequent causes of iron deficiency. Tardyferon has been used for controlling iron deficiency in 21 children younger than two years of age not suffering from malabsorption and in 38 children suffering from coeliac disease. At the onset of the disease 71% of coeliac disease patients suffered from iron deficiency. The normalization of iron metabolism of these patients could be achieved with oral treatment of 5-6 mg Fe++/kg/day of 3-6 months. Iron deficiency of patients with initially normal ferritin level developed as a result of the intensive weight gain occurring in response to the gliadin-free diet. After the patients had been put on a gliadin containing diet again, hyposiderosis also occurred more frequently. Tardyferon therapy was well tolerated by the patients, in the infants taking bébé-Tardyferon difficulties of dosage or notable side-effects were not observed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Experience with chorionic villi sampling].

The authors discuss their experiences from 412 chorion villus samplings, (CVS), which they have done under four and a half years since 1985. They used eight types of instruments in performing their examinations and each instrument proved to be satisfactory in the gaining of chorion villus samples, suitable for further tests. They also discuss the bacteria found most frequently in the vagina on the basis of the examination and culturing of both vaginal and cervical fluid done prior to 151 CVS examinations and the effective method with which ascending infection can be prevented. They discuss a distributional pattern of their results based on the different indications for the CVS examinations, and the outcome of each of the pregnancies after CVS. In 377 cases they did direct karyotyping, in 30 cases DNA examination and in five cases enzyme determination also occurred.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

Use of Cosilat food preparation in paediatric practice.

Cosilat is the sole Hungarian therapeutic food preparation which may be successfully used in several clinical conditions due to it's hydrolyzed protein and MCT fat content and the absence of lactose. In infancy it may be given orally, in older children in form of tube feeding. The authors have reported on their observations in healthy and diseased children. The required weight gain could be obtained with Cosilat in all examined groups. Side-effects were not observed. They recommend the use of the formula for the treatment of premature infants and in postoperative and malabsorption cases as well. All clinical conditions in which the use of Cosilat may be justified because of it's composition are described in the report.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Chronic recurrent abdominal pain and lactose malabsorption in childhood].

The Authors examined 515 children with abdominal pain in the outpatient clinics for a period of two years. The pain was frequently periumbilical or mid epigastric with a history of more than two months. Persistent lactose malabsorption was found in 252 children (48,9%), which justifies the use of Breath Hydrogen Test as a first diagnostic procedure for assessing recurrent abdominal pain. Putative pathogens were identified in the stool specimens of 21 patients. Oesophagitis was diagnosed in 18 children and duodenal ulcer in one. 91 patients (less than 6 years old) improved after successful treatment of the chronic upper respiratory inflammations. The authors did not find any causes in 18.1 per cent of the children examined and they think that the abdominal pain in these children may be psychogenic. The use of high-fiber diet is proposed for the later group.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1990

[Leukocyte migration inhibition test in celiac disease].

The leukocyte migration inhibition test is a method used to assess the cell-mediated immune function. The authors examined 251 samples for a period of 3 years; 169 samples from celiac patients and 82 were control. The sensitivity of this test was 34/35 (97%) in proved gluten sensitive patients, but this was found after repeating the test at different periods of time. According to these results the authors conclude that the efficacy of this test is less sensitive in the newly diagnosed celiac patients, which means that it is not suitable for screening purpose, but useful for detecting gliadin sensitivity during the diagnostic period of celiac disease (e. i. the 3 biopsies). LMT may be used to indicate the proper time for the 2nd and/or 3rd biopsy, and can also be used to reveal the gluten-free diet defaults. The authors agree with those who believe that this test cannot substitute the performance of the small intestinal biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The value of the d-xylose loading test in the diagnosis of malabsorption syndromes].

The test of d-xylose concentration in blood has been used for approximately two decades for the examination of the absorption. The authors compared in 261 cases the total d-xylose blood level with the histological picture of the small intestine. Good correlation was observed between the 2 examinations. The d-xylose loading was found to select with favorable efficacy the new cases of celiac disease, of 63 fresh diagnosed subtotal and total villus atrophy cases the blood level of 61 was under the 1,64 mmol/l limit. At the 3rd stage of partial villus atrophy the blood level was pathological in 17 new patients. The sensitivity of the examination was 92.2% in selection of the new cases. Significant differences were found between the new cases and patients with excess gliadin (0.929 +/- 0.44 mmol/l and 1383 +/- 0.052 mmol/l) with identical rate of duodenal tissue impairments. On this basis the significant decrease of d-xylose level (0.5-1 mmol/l) must be regarded as the sign of relapse in patients with excess gliadin. Giardia lamblia and slight villus impairment was found in the biopsy material of further 28 children. The d-xylose level was pathological in 14 of them. D-xylose absorption was pathological before treatment in each of the 13 patients with contaminated (Gram-negative aerobic bacteria) small intestinal syndrome. D-xylose test is a useful method in the diagnostics of conditions associated with malabsorption and completed with other techniques it provides means for the separation of conditions associated with the diffuse impairment of the small intestine.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Contaminated small bowel syndrome in infants caused by gram-negative bacteria and yeasts].

The upper small intestine is usually "sterile" in a healthy individuals, but due to some reasons the number of microorganisms may reach or increase above 10(4)/ml, leading to the contamination of the small intestine, which may cause severe malabsorption. The authors have diagnosed this syndrome in 50 children, aged between 1 month and 3 years, using breath hydrogen test and duodenal juice culture. Most of these children had growth retardation. According to their experience the authors found that the oral antibiotic is the effective treatment of this syndrome.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Prenatal diagnosis of Hunter's disease].

The authors give a short report about the first-trimester prenatal detection of Hunter's disease (MPS II) inherited as X-linked disorder. There is written about a family having one affected child with Hunter's syndrome. Chorionic villus sample was taken at 10th weeks of gestation in the new pregnancy of the mother. The sex of the fetus was a male determined by DNA analysis. The activity of sulphoiduronate sulphatase was very low. The enzyme activity was also extremely low in the cultured cells from amniotic fluid taken at 16th weeks of gestation. On the basis of these results the pregnancy was terminated at parents's request. The diagnosis of Hunter's disease was confirmed by measuring the enzyme activity of the cultured fibroblasts from the male fetus.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow up of patients with pernicious anemia].

The authors give several data of 357 patients with megaloblastic anaemia diagnosed, treated and controlled between 1958-1988. 334 of the patients had anaemia perniciosa and 23 of them had postresectional megaloblastic anaemia. After listing the criteria of the diagnosis the authors detail the mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis, the distribution of sexes, age and blood groups among the patients, the number of new cases per year, the frequency of relapsus of the disease and its association with other autoimmune diseases. They also deal with the characteristic seasonal fluctuation and the accumulated cases in families. Its association with malignant tumours, especially with stomach carcinoma was examined.

Anemia, Macrocytic↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence of lactose malabsorption in the population 6-18 years of age].

Breath test was performed in 664 school-aged children in order to measure lactose malabsorption. The first screening showed that 23.4% of the children evidenced malabsorption of milk sugar. In these children further stool examination for Giardia lamblia infection, and saccharose breath test was performed to identify more complex absorption problems. The remaining 146 children were tested again after a period of 3-9 month and 45.8% of this population showed lactose malabsorption. In conclusion the authors determined that 10.1% of school aged children were permanently hypo- or alactasic. During the examination, they measured the approximate consumption of milk considering the quantity of milk intake showed that the consumption of milk and lactose malabsorption were not closely related normal and abnormal absorption among children who would not normally consume milk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

First trimester chorionic villus sampling for DNA analysis.

Early prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) has become possible after the identification of linked DNA markers on chromosome 7. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) has made possible the first-trimester prenatal diagnosis of CF. We report our experience of 336 pregnant women between 8-12th week. Six different types of sampling devices have been used to get chorionic tissue. Our results proved that the quantity and the quality of the sample gained was the same irrespective of the method employed in obtaining them.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1989

[Sex determination of the embryo by DNA studies of chorionic villi samples].

The first step in the prenatal diagnosis of X-linked genetic disorders is the determination of the sex of the fetus. A new method for this purpose is based on recombinant DNA technology. The authors give a short account on their experiences with a Y specific DNA probe. Fetal DNA was prepared from chorionic villi taken at the 8th-12th weeks of gestation. The DNA was hybridised with the Y specific probe. This probe was isolated from the 3,4 kilobase human repeat sequence derived from heterochromatin of the Y chromosome and had 1000 times more affinity for male DNA than for female DNA. The method based on hybridisation with the Y specific probe should facilitate first-trimester prenatal sex determination of X-linked genetic disorders.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic and therapeutic changes in renal developmental anomalies detected in childhood].

The authors diagnosed 40 renal malformations during 2 years investigated and 2 years control period. On the basis of analysing their patients they came to the conclusion that after the introduction of intrauterine routine ultrasound examinations and screening of childhood risk group the number of recognised renal malformations increased significantly (32 in the investigated and only 8 in the control period). Furthermore the age of patients at the time of diagnosing shifted to the early postnatal period, and the number of patients diagnosed on the basis of the positive urinary investigations decreased significantly. But the intrauterine routine ultrasound investigation at presently applied examination system can consider only one-third of fetal renal malformations. And also an important fact that the increased number of considered patients came from the increasing of patients who have needed operation and did not increase the number of infants who have needed only conservative therapy. According to the small surgical complications they concluded that the risk of the early surgical intervention does not seem to be higher than in case of postponed ones. On the basis of clinical observation with childhood risk group arising the necessarity of the non invasive postnatal routine screening.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Intestinal mast cells and neutrophil chemotactic activity of serum following a single challenge with gluten in celiac children on a gluten-free diet.

The number of one subtype of mast cells (formalin fixation, toluidine blue staining), cells of the lamina propria, and intraepithelial lymphocytes were counted in the intestinal biopsy specimens of 14 children with treated celiac disease following a single challenge with gluten. The serum neutrophil chemotactic activity was measured at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 24 h after challenge. There was no significant change in the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, but the biopsy samples obtained at 5 h showed a marked increase in the inflammatory cells of the lamina propria and a significant decrease in the number of mast cells. A pronounced decrease was present at 3-5 h in the number of eosinophil cells in the blood. The neutrophil chemotactic activity of sera showed a significant increment in 10 of 14 patients. The intestinal permeability of patients became abnormal, as detected by the increased absorption of lactulose. These findings suggest that degranulation of mast cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of the small intestinal mucosal injury in children with celiac disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Galantase (beta-galactosidase) treatment in pediatric practice.

The authors diagnosed lactose malabsorption by the breath hydrogen analysis in 11 premature and mature babies, in 16 infants and in 28 children between the ages of 3-18 years. All patients were treated with Galantase (beta-galactosidase). According to the results, Galantase is very effective in splitting of lactose of breast-milk, cow-milk and artificial formulas. Pathological hydrogen increase was not detected during the treatment.

Adolescent↗