Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Hugo.
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among Canadian women. It is estimated that, in 1997, there will be 18,400 new cases of breast cancer and 5,100 breast cancer deaths among Canadian women; one in nine Canadian women will develop breast cancer at some time in their lives.
Effects of an intervention that combined self-instruction with multiple exemplar training on the generalized problem solving of five high school students with severe mental retardation were examined. Innovative features of the intervention included (a) preteaching self-instruction to proficiency with one exemplar before introducing multiple exemplars and (b) embedding problem situations within a functional task sequence. Findings indicated that all students learned to perform five trained problem responses and five generalized responses while self-instructing. The self-instructional intervention appeared to decrease training time required to self-instruct as well as to decrease variability with which participants verbalized their self-instructions.
Advanced bladder carcinoma still has a poor prognosis. While the five-year-survival in stage T1N0M0 is about 80%, less than 50% of the patients in stage T2N0M0 survive 5 years. This prognosis could not be altered by a more radical operation or by radiation therapy. Therefore we started postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in 1972. First we tested the effect of three different cytostatic drug therapy schedules. Although successful treatment was achieved in several cases, there were other patients who did not respond to one of the three therapy schedules. We then started applying all three schedules, one after the other, in intervals of 4 weeks. Therapeutic procedure now is: After diagnosis by cystoscopy and histology and TNM-classification, urologic therapy is performed (electroresection, cystectomy, etc.). Then in stage T2-4N0-1M0-1 postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy follows. Thus far, we have achieved complete remission in all patients except one (after radiation therapy). No definite comments as to survival can be made at this time.