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Biomedical subjects

K Ido

Publications and source records attributed to K Ido.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Electrophoretic analysis of bile proteins from patients with and without gallstones.

Bile proteins from 82 cases with various types of gallstones (pure cholesterol stones, cholesterol stones with a small amount of other substances, mixed stones and pigment stones) and 9 controls without gallstones were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). A unique bile protein with a molecular mass of 32 kDa was identified. The 32 kDa protein could be stained on immunoblotting membranes using immunoperoxidase with concanavalin A. The 32 kDa protein was found in all controls but only in a portion (22.2-36.4%) of the patients with gallstones of various types. Following electrophoretic elution from the SDS-PAGE gels, the 32 kDa protein was analyzed by reversed phase--high-performance liquid chromatography, yielding three peaks for controls and only two peaks for patients with gallstones.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Lower-extremity venous stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy as assessed using color Doppler ultrasound.

Lower-extremity venous stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy was evaluated in 16 patients by monitoring the blood velocity in the femoral vein and the femoral vein size (cross-sectional area) using color Doppler ultrasonography. The blood velocity in the femoral vein decreased significantly after the start of 10-mmHg abdominal insufflation in the supine position. When the patients were placed in a reverse Trendelenburg position during 10-mmHg insufflation, blood velocity in the femoral vein further decreased. However, velocity returned to the baseline after deflation. The cross-sectional area of the femoral vein was significantly elevated after the start of 10 mm Hg insufflation in the supine position. When patients were placed in the reverse Trendelenburg position during 10-mmHg insufflation, this parameter was further elevated, but returned to the baseline soon after deflation. These results indicate that femoral vein stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be minimized by reducing the pressure of abdominal insufflation and avoiding elevation of the patient's head as much as possible.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1995

Effects of luminance contrast and phase difference on motion assimilation for sinusoidal gratings.

When a sinusoidal (test) grating is displaced horizontally by a phase angle of 180 deg in a two-frame apparent motion display, the perceived direction of motion is ambiguous; the test grating appears to move either to the left or to the right (or to both directions). On the other hand, when the test grating is displaced by 180 deg synchronously with the inducing gratings which, presented above and below the test grating, jump unambiguously in one direction (e.g. displaced by 90 deg), the test grating always appears to move in the same direction as the inducing gratings (motion assimilation). In the present study, the effects of luminance contrast and phase difference on motion assimilation were examined. The proportion of perceived direction of motion (left or right) was measured as a function of phase difference between the test grating in the first and the second frame. The magnitude of motion assimilation was evaluated as the change in the phase difference for which the proportions of observers' response were equal (50%) for both directions. The magnitude of motion assimilation increased with increase in the contrast of the inducing gratings or with decrease in the contrast of the test grating. Also, the magnitude increased as the phase difference of the inducing gratings departed from 180 deg. Based on these results, a quantitative formulation between the magnitude of motion assimilation, and the contrast and the phase difference of the stimulus gratings was derived. Further, a model was proposed which explains the stimulus dependences of motion assimilation in terms of response-integration among local motion detectors.

Contrast Sensitivity↗
PubMed1995

Femoral vein stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: effects of graded elastic compression leg bandages in preventing thrombus formation.

Venous stasis of the legs during laparoscopic cholecystectomy was compared between patients without graded compression leg bandages (Group 1; n = 12) and patients with such bandages (Group 2; n = 12) by measuring mean blood flow velocity and cross-sectional area of the femoral vein using a color Doppler ultrasonography. In Group 1, when velocity and area were measured in the supine position, a significant decrease in velocity (p < .05) and a significant increase in area (p < .05) occurred after abdominal insufflation to 10 mm Hg. These changes were greater during abdominal insufflation in the reverse Trendelenburg position than during abdominal insufflation in the supine position. In Group 2, flow velocity was significantly higher (p < .05) before abdominal insufflation as compared with Group 1. After abdominal insufflation to 10 mm Hg and a postural change, velocity significantly decreased (p < .05) and area significantly increased (p < .05) in Group 2, similar to the results in Group 1. During abdominal insufflation at 5 mm Hg or lower, the use of the graded compression bandage was found to be useful for preventing femoral vein stasis. During abdominal insufflation at 10 mm Hg or in the reverse Trendelenburg position, the bandage did not prevent femoral vein stasis.

Bandages↗
PubMed1995

Efficacy of lansoprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

Fifty-eight Helicobacter pylori-positive ulcer patients received omeprazole 20 mg (n = 15), or lansoprazole 30 mg (n = 23), lansoprazole 60 mg (n = 13), or E3810 20 mg (n = 7) q.d. Another 63 H. pylori-positive ulcer patients received lansoprazole and clarithromycin for 2 weeks. Patients received lansoprazole 30 mg and clarithromycin 400 mg (group 1, n = 22), lansoprazole 30 mg and clarithromycin 800 mg (group 2, n = 12), or lansoprazole 60 mg and clarithromycin 800 mg (group 3, n = 29). Neither proton pump inhibitor (PPI) was capable of eradication by monotherapy, but the clearance rates in the lansoprazole group were 60.9 and 69.2%, which were higher than those for omeprazole (p < 0.05). In the dual therapy, eradication rates were 50, 50, and 72.4% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Minor side effects were observed in one case each in groups 1 and 3. Lansoprazole monotherapy proved more efficacious than omeprazole monotherapy, but it was unable to eradicate H. pylori. Dual therapy with lansoprazole 60 mg and clarithromycin 800 mg was an efficacious and safe regimen for H. pylori eradication in this study.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

A 1-h topical therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.

OBJECTIVE: A novel topical therapeutic methodology for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection was developed and studied in 25 patients with H. pylori to evaluate safety and efficacy. METHODS: The patients had been given lansoprazole (30 mg, hs) orally and pronase (18,000 tyrosine units, b.i.d.) for the 2 days before topical therapy. One hundred milliliters of solution with 80 ml of 7% sodium bicarbonate and 20 ml of contrast medium meglumine sodium amidotrizoate containing bismuth subnitrate (1 g), amoxicillin (2 g), metronidazole (1 g), and pronase (36,000 tyrosine units) were instilled into the stomach through a nasally introduced 16-Fr intestinal tube with a balloon at its radiopaque tip, which was inflated with approximately 25 ml of air and lodged postbulbarly at the superior duodenal angle under fluoroscopy, thus preventing leakage of the solution distally into the jejunum. The solution was kept in the stomach for 1 h, and the patient's position was changed every 15 min from the sitting to the supine, prone, and right lateral position to expose the entire gastric mucosa. The solution was suctioned at the end of the procedure. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was successfully cured in 24 (96%) patients, confirmed 4 wk after the therapeutic procedure by negative smear, culture, and histology of the antral and corpus biopsy specimens. No side effects were observed except for loose stools in one case. CONCLUSION: This 1-h topical therapy is a safe, effective, and well tolerated procedure for the treatment of H. pylori infection. With further improvements and modifications of the method itself, as well as of the drug regimens, this method may become a highly efficient modality for anti-H. pylori therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Preoperative staging of extrahepatic bile duct cancer with intraductal ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the tumor extension of extrahepatic bile duct cancer by means of intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS). METHODS: IDUS preoperatively assessed the tumor extensions in 25 patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of IDUS was investigated by comparison with other diagnostic imaging modalities in all cases and with histopathological findings of resected specimens in 18 cases. RESULTS: IDUS proved useful in assessing the extension of cancer invasion to the pancreas parenchyma, portal vein, and right hepatic artery. The limitation of the degree of accuracy, based on the group staging criteria, was 68%. IDUS could not assess tumor invasion to the perimuscular loose connective tissue. Therefore, it could not distinguish stage II from stage I. IDUS could not sufficiently assess epicholedochal lymph node metastases (differential diagnosis between stages II and III) and could not demonstrate distant metastases (differential diagnosis between stages IVA and IVB) because of the inevitable attenuation of the echo itself. IDUS could assess cases of stage IVA correctly in 8/8 (100%) cases. The combination of PTC/ERC and IDUS could assess the horizontal extension correctly in 13/18 (72%) cases. The combination of PTC/ERC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS), and IDUS assessed the horizontal extension in 14/15 (93%) cases. CONCLUSION: 1) IDUS, with a high-frequency probe, was very useful for assessing tumor infiltration in the hepatoduodenal ligament. 2) IDUS could not assess tumor extension outside of the hepatoduodenal ligament, but conventional ultrasonography and angiography could compensate for it. 3) The combination of PTC/ERC, PTCS, and IDUS could assess horizontal extension correctly.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Morphological aspects of the cytotoxic action of Helicobacter pylori.

OBJECTIVE: To morphologically investigate the cytotoxic action of Helicobacter pylori on gastric mucosal cells. METHODS: Twenty biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum and greater curvature of the upper body of the stomach, and examined by electron microscopy to elucidate the process of mucus cell injury induced by H. pylori. RESULTS: Only H. pylori colonies in intimate contact with the mucosal cells caused various cell alterations, including loss of microvilli, mucus depletion, cell membrane injury and degeneration of the cytoplasm. In contrast, H. pylori that were not in contact with the mucosa had no effect on the surface mucus cells. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested the following mechanism of H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury. Intimate contact between H. pylori and the epithelial cell is necessary for cytotoxic action. During the process of cytotoxic action, degradation of the mucous gel layer and the glycocalyx are first caused by the proteolytic enzymes produced by H. pylori. Then the microorganism approaches the surface mucus cell, making intimate contact with the cell surface. Finally, H. pylori adheres directly to the cell membrane, effecting direct action of the toxins on the cell membrane. Subsequently, the degenerative changes induced destroy the cell membrane, resulting in degeneration of the cell itself.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1994

Some personal comments on the Sydney system for the classification of chronic gastritis.

The Sydney system for the classification of chronic gastritis is a system for describing the histopathological findings of a biopsy specimen. It involves the analysis of two to four biopsies of the gastric mucosa taken from arbitrary sites, which, taken alone, are insufficient for extrapolation to the diagnosis of the whole stomach. The system seems to be useful as a computer-oriented method fo documenting the histopathological analysis of the two to four biopsy specimens obtained from the arbitrary sites in the antrum or corpus. One biopsy specimen is obtained from the anterior wall of the antrum, the other from the posterior wall. They would be better obtained from the lesser and greater curvatures, which areas would provide more accurate data concerning the antrum or body. While this may be invaluable for researchers with particular interests, it is quite valueless for the majority of clinicians who must diagnose and treat their patients. When a classification is made, its purposes should, firstly, be clear and definite. Secondly, the classification should be simple and easy to use. If a classification is effective, it will be widely used. However, in this field, it is almost impossible to achieve a classification that will fully satisfy all practitioners and researchers with different interests. The Sydney system alone is not sufficient for the classification of chronic gastritis. It is merely a system for describing the histopathological findings of biopsy specimens. It does not allow for an integrated diagnosis of chronic gastritis of the entire stomach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A case of anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system demonstrated by intraductal ultrasonography.

A 55-yr-old female was hospitalized with epigastric pain. Conventional ultrasonography revealed marked dilation of the common bile duct (CBD). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed fusiform dilation of the CBD. The common channel of the pancreatic duct and choledochus was 20 mm long. A diagnosis of congenital choledochal dilation accompanied by anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system (AAPBDS) was made. Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) was performed. IDUS demonstrated the union of the pancreatic duct and choledochus within the pancreatic parenchyma. This meant that the union existed outside the duodenal wall, confirming the diagnosis of AAPBDS. Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography alone could show the maljunction in this case, simultaneous IDUS will be useful in making an accurate diagnosis of AAPBDS.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1994

Simultaneous separation and quantification of free and metal-chelated protoporphyrins in blood by three-dimensional HPLC.

In this new method for simultaneous separation and quantification of free and metal-chelated porphyrins in blood, the porphyrins are extracted from blood samples with a mixture of diisopropylamine:water:methanol (25:100:900, by vol) and separated by HPLC elution. The data are collected in three-dimensional form with a microcomputer. This method permits a high recovery of protoporphyrin (PP) and Zn-chelated PP as well as heme from blood. By this method, the amounts of these analytes in erythrocytes from normal or abnormal subjects can be determined more accurately than by conventional methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Respiratory and circulatory changes under high intra-abdominal pressure].

In order to determine the safety limit of abdominal pressure, the influence of abdominal pressure on the respiratory and circulatory systems was examined by changing it from 0 to 50 mmHg in dogs with carbon dioxide insufflation. Total peripheral resistance increased slightly after pneumoperitoneum but increased rapidly when 30 mmHg was exceeded. Cardiac output tended to decrease with an abdominal pressure above 30 mmHg. Static compliance decreased in response to the abdominal pressure up to 20 mmHg but the decrease became rather gentle when 30 mmHg was exceeded. Peak inspiratory airway pressure increased in response to the increased abdominal pressure up to 30 mmHg followed by small fluctuations thereafter. These evidences indicate that an abdominal pressure below 15 mmHg is desirable for performing a peritoneoscopic operation safely because the biocompensatory system may be impaired when the pressure exceeds 30 mmHg.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

[Advantages of intravascular ultrasound--preliminary experience in patients with peripheral and renal vascular disease].

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a new method in which endovascular images are obtained from a catheter inserted into an artery. We uses IVUS during PTA of iliac and renal artery, and examined its effectiveness. Three layers are well defined in normal arterial wall. Calcified deposits are recognized as a combination of strong echo and acoustic shadow. The absolute cross sectional area of patent lumen and atherosclerotic plaque can be calculated. IVUS is very effective for the assessment of PTA. The increased caliber of arteries following PTA is caused by the over stretching of the media rather than the compression of atheroma.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1993

Endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) evaluation of the quality of gastric ulcer healing.

EUS provides cardinal tomographic findings of gastric ulcer such as low echo mass (ulcer echo), thickening of the wall, a symmetrical or asymmetrical convergence of the submucosal layer, and a sharp (pin-point) or blunt (broad-surface) convergence, variously expressed in accordance with the depth or width, and also with the history of recurrence of ulcer. A low echo mass, or an ulcer echo histopathologically consists of fibrosis and granulation, sonographically correlating well with the thickening of the wall. Seventy nine cases of ulcer scar, 52 of which were evaluated endoscopically as S1 (red scar) and 27 as S2 (white scar), were scanned by EUS. The incidence of high quality healing recognized on EUS with complete disappearance of a low echo mass and subsidence of the wall thickness was 21.2% (11 of 52 ulcer scars) in the S1 stage group, which remarkably increased up to 70.4% (19 of 27) in the S2 group (P < 0.01). The results indicate a definite correlation between endoscopic and EUS assessment of an ulcer scar state. The cumulative relapse rate at 12 months during maintenance therapy with half doses of H2 blocker was found to be 4.5% (1 of 22 cases) in the group with high quality healing on EUS, 40.9% (9 of 22) in the group with fair quality healing, and 75.0% (12 of 16) in the group with poor quality healing. The results of the present study suggest that EUS assessment may be a reliable and objective predictor of susceptibility to ulcer recurrence, accurately evaluating the quality of gastric ulcer healing.

Gastroscopy↗
PubMed1993

Age-related changes in the microvessels of the human stomach: an ultrastructural study.

The ultrastructure of microvessels in the gastric mucosa of patients with atrophic gastritis was investigated. In the gastric mucosa of atrophic gastritis, the endothelial cells of microvessels were irregularly swollen and subendothelial spaces were enlarged. The basement membrane underlying the endothelium was thickened. Degeneration of smooth-muscle cells was also evident in the media. These changes appear to correspond to sclerosis or aging of the microvessels. Such sclerotic changes in microvessels may initiate deterioration of the microenvironment in the gastric mucosa and may consequently affect metabolic activity of the gastric mucosal cells. Those sequences might induce degeneration or abnormal differentiation of mucosal cells. Such vascular changes may advance slowly and increase in intensity with advancing age. The final result would be the histologic changes associated with atrophic gastritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Histologic differentiation and motility of rat stomach.

An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study was done to investigate the normal developmental process of rat gastric wall. Neuronal processes were observed on the external side of immature muscle cells on gestational day 15, and Auerbach's plexus was found on gestational day 18, after which neuronal elements extended just under the subepithelial area. Myofilaments appeared in undifferentiated mesenchyme cells on gestational day 15. On day 17, stomach was responsive to Ach stimulation. On the day after the initiation of gastric motility, gastric glands started to form on the mucosal surface. At the same developmental stage, some parts of the mucosal epithelium and the submucosal connective tissues were stained with antiserum against tenascin. Endocrine and parietal cells appeared in the mucosal epithelium on gestational day 19. Dense secretory granules on the apical surface of mucosal epithelium were increased between day 20 and 21. The cytoplasmic organelles gradually developed with advancing fetal age. We suggest that tenascin may play a role in gastric gland formation and that there are some relationships between gastric gland formation and gastric motility. We believe that the development of subepithelial tissues may be closely associated with epithelial growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Glass ceramic augmentation of the acetabulum. Total hip arthroplasties in 24 dogs.

Implants made of glass-ceramic containing apatite and wollastonite were used for reconstruction of large bone defects of the weight-bearing acetabulum in canine total hip arthroplasties. 24 dogs underwent replacements and were killed after 3, 6, and 12 months. The interface between the prosthesis and bone was examined radiographically, histologically, and mechanically. Bone bonding with the prosthesis occurred in all the implants. Glass ceramic containing apatite and wollastonite implants seem promising for use in total hip arthroplasty as filling materials for large defects in weight-bearing bone.

Acetabulum↗