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Biomedical subjects

K Iimori

Publications and source records attributed to K Iimori.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Clinical study of primary hyperparathyroidism--diagnosis, parathyroidectomy and late result of operation].

We retrospectively studied clinical problems for 55 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were operated on at our hospital. The chance to discovery of primary hyperparathyroidism and its accompanied symptoms were various. Other than classical symptoms, hypertension was noted in 12 patients and malignant tumors in 9. Forty-four percent of patients who had no bone related symptoms were found to have decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Even the patients with normal BMD were seen to increase the BMD, postoperatively. We thought that the parathyroidectomy was indicated for the asymptomatic patients with normal BMD. Biochemical investigation showed that positive rate were 50% for PTH-C, 94% for PTH-HS, 78% for intact PTH, 87% for serum total calcium and 98% for serum ionized calcium. Serum ionized calcium and intact PTH were useful for the diagnosis of patients who had normocalcemia or slight elevation of serum calcium. The sensitivity was 61% for ultrasound sonography (US) and 49% for computer tomography (CT) and scintigram, respectively. The detection rate of US and CT was positively related to the size of the parathyroid glands, but scintigram was not. The rate with which the parathyroid glands can be recognized during operation increased from 30% in the former group to 52% in the later group. As a result, 11% of the patients with adenoma had too much surgery and 29% of the patients with hyperplasia had too little surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The male preponderance in incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients may depend on the higher DNA synthetic activity of cirrhotic tissue in men.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between the DNA synthetic activity of hepatocytes from cirrhotic liver tissue and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during a 3-year follow-up period was studied in male and female patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis. METHODS: The bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (BrdU LI) of hepatocytes was estimated in 38 cirrhotic patients (Child A stage, 23 men and 15 women) using a BrdU/anti-BrdU in vitro method. The incidence of HCC was compared between male and female cirrhotic patients during a 3-year follow-up period. RESULTS: Sixteen of 23 (69.6%) male patients belonged to the high-DNA synthesis group (BrdU LI > or = 1.5%), and only 7 (30.4%) were in the low-DNA synthesis group (BrdU LI < 1.5%). Among female patients, only 5 of 15 (33.3%) were in the high-DNA synthesis group, and 10 of 15 (66.7%) were in the low-DNA synthesis group (P < 0.05). Eleven of 23 (47.8%) male patients and 3 of 15 (20.0%) female patients had HCC develop. In the high-DNA synthesis group, 10 of 16 (62.5%) of the men and 3 of 5 (60.0%) of the women had HCC develop during the follow-up period. In contrast, only one of seven (14.3%) male patients and none of ten (0%) female patients in the low-DNA synthesis group had HCC develop. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that HCC developed frequently (about 60% of the time within 3 years) in patients of both sexes who were in a high-DNA synthesis group. Thus, the larger proportion of men in the high-DNA synthesis group compared with the number of women in the group (69.6% versus 33.3%) might be one possible reason for the male predominance in the development of HCC in cirrhotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

DNA synthesis activities of hepatocytes from noncancerous cirrhotic tissue and of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells from cancerous tissue can predict the survival of hepatectomized patients with HCC.

BACKGROUND: There is a concept that a cancer often maintains some of the traits of the background tissue cells. Thus, the possibility exists that the DNA synthetic activity of the hepatocytes in cirrhotic tissue affects that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: DNA synthesis activity of hepatocytes from background cirrhotic tissue and HCC cells from cancerous tissue was studied in 30 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC who had undergone hepatectomy; the study was done using the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-anti-BrdU in vitro method. The correlation between the BrdU labeling index (LI) of hepatocytes from noncancerous cirrhotic tissue and that of HCC cells was studied. The relationship between both BrdU LI values and the survival after hepatectomy also was studied. RESULTS: A significant correlation (r = 0.572; P < 0.001) was identified between the BrdU LI for HCC and that for noncancerous cirrhotic tissue. A significant correlation (r = -0.572; P < 0.05) was found between the BrdU LI of HCC cells and the survival after hepatectomy. A significant correlation (r = -0.678; P < 0.01) was observed between the BrdU LI of the noncancerous cirrhotic tissue and the survival. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that a significant correlation existed between DNA synthesis of hepatocytes from the background cirrhotic tissue and that of HCC cells and that DNA synthesis activity of hepatocytes from noncancerous cirrhotic tissue and that of HCC cells from cancerous tissue could predict the survival of patients with HCC who had undergone hepatectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

In vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine by human hepatocellular carcinoma and its relation to histopathologic findings and biologic behavior.

The in vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells was studied in 30 hepatectomized patients. Labeling of the nuclei by BrdU expressed as labeling index (LI) was 5.6 +/- 3.2% (mean +/- standard deviation), with a considerable variation from case to case. The mean LI in Grade III to IV cancers (less differentiated, by Edmondson and Steiner's classification, 11.1 +/- 2.1%) was significantly larger (P less than 0.001) than that in Grade I to II cancers (more differentiated, 4.5 +/- 2.0%). Capsule formation was found in all 17 patients except one (94%) with a low DNA synthetic HCC (LI less than 6.0%) compared with seven of 13 (54%) with a high DNA synthetic HCC (LI greater than or equal to 6.0%, P less than 0.02). The 2-year survival rate after surgery was significantly higher (P less than 0.02), and intrahepatic metastasis was significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the former group than in the latter. The BrdU LI of HCC tumors showed a strong correlation with histopathologic findings and the biologic behavior of HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Evidence of sex difference in DNA synthesis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

To clarify sex differences in DNA synthesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices (BrdU LI) of HCC cells included in tumor biopsy specimens from 12 consecutive male patients and from 5 consecutive female patients all with liver cirrhosis and HCC were examined using an in vitro labeling technique. The mean BrdU LI +/- SE of HCC from male patients (7.7 +/- 0.8%) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that from female patients (4.4 +/- 1.0%). While 7 of the 12 male HCC patients belonged to the high DNA synthesis group (BrdU LI greater than or equal to 7.0%), none of the 5 female HCC patients showed high DNA synthesis (P less than 0.05). We conclude that DNA synthesis in HCC was higher in males than in females.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Difference in the in vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine between liver cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.

With the aim of examining increasing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis of liver cirrhotic tissue when hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is developing, bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices (BrdU LI) of liver biopsy specimens from 19 control cirrhotic (control LC) patients without HCC, 19 cirrhotic patients with HCC, and from six control subjects were examined using an in vitro labeling technique. The mean BrdU LI +/- SD of HCC cancerous portion, HCC non-cancerous cirrhotic portion, control LC, and of control subjects were 7.2 +/- 2.9%, 3.3 +/- 1.5%, 2.1 +/- 1.7%, and 0.25 +/- 0.09%, respectively. Interesting enough, there was a significant difference (P less than 0.05) between the non-cancerous cirrhotic portion and control LC. Although all 17 non-cancerous cirrhotic portion belonged to the high LI group (greater than or equal to 1.5%), 10 of 19 in the control LC belonged to the low LI group (less than 1.5%) (P less than 0.001). The authors conclude that HCC would develop in the cirrhotics with high DNA synthetic potency.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes in liver and spleen volume in alcoholic liver fibrosis of man.

Alcoholic liver fibrosis is a relatively common form of alcoholic liver disease in Japan. It is regarded by some investigators as a prodromal stage of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, but little is known about the volumes of the liver and spleen in this disease state. Therefore, liver and spleen volumes were measured by computed tomography in 32 patients with alcoholic liver fibrosis in comparison with 10 healthy volunteers. Patients with alcoholic liver fibrosis were divided into three subgroups (13 of Grade 1, 9 of Grade 2 and 10 of Grade 3) according to the severity of fibrosis. The volume was calculated from the sum of the area measurements of successive transverse sections of the two organs. The liver volume (mean +/- S.D.) in Grade 2 alcoholic liver fibrosis (1,281 +/- 112 cm3) was significantly (p less than 0.01) larger than in healthy volunteers (1,017 +/- 73 cm3) and in Grade 1 (1,090 +/- 157 cm3), and the liver volume in Grade 3 (1,490 +/- 132 cm3) was larger than in Grade 2 (p less than 0.01). The mean volume of hepatocytes estimated by a two-dimensional image analysis system was significantly (p less than 0.05) larger in Grade 3 than in Grade 2, and that in Grade 2 was larger than in Grade 1. The spleen volume in Grade 3 (151 +/- 40 cm3) was significantly (p less than 0.01) larger than in healthy volunteers (86 +/- 26 cm3), Grade 1 (89 +/- 38 cm3) and Grade 2 (68 +/- 19 cm3). The presumed reason for hepatic volume increase would be the ballooning of hepatocytes along with increased fibrotic component.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Preoperative treatment of lymph node metastases of gastric cancer by local injection of 5-FU adsorbed on activated carbon--clinical study of 5-FU concentration in resected lymph nodes].

The concentration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in blood and lymph node of 55 patients with gastric cancer who were endoscopically injected 250 mg of 5-FU alone or adsorbed on activated carbon into the gastric wall or 300 mg of 5-FU dry syrup orally before operation, were measured chronologically. The concentration of 5-FU in blood were similar in all cases but higher in lymph node in the group given adsorbed preparation than other cases. In the cases given adsorbed preparation, the lymph node concentration was remained high 7 days after injection, and in 37% cases more than the minimum inhibitory concentration of 5-FU remained. Therefore, for the purpose to elicit anticancer effect on micrometastasis in lymph nodes in the patients with gastric cancer, endoscopically preoperative injection of 5-FU adsorbed on activated carbon seemed to be useful.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1988

[Preoperative treatment of lymph node metastasis in cases of gastric cancer by local injection of anticancer drugs--preliminary report].

For the purpose of producing an anticancer effect on the micrometastasis of the lymph nodes and free cancer cells in the lymphatic ducts in a gastric cancer, activated charcoal was endoscopically injected into the gastric wall preoperatively in 49 cases to adsorb anticancer drugs. The correlation between the histological degree of black staining of the dissected lymph nodes and the clinicopathological factors was studied. Among 2,426 dissected lymph nodes, the degree of black staining was found to amount to 49.9%. Among 201 metastatic lymph nodes, the degree of black staining was 24.9%. Thus, the possibility of an anticancer effect was realized in 25% of the metastatic lymph nodes. From a study of the clinicopathological findings, the degree of black staining was low in cases of advanced cancer. In a histological study, the degree of black staining was found to be higher in the undifferentiated types than in the differentiated types, suggesting that there is a difference in the function of the lymph-reticulo-endothelial system according to the histological type.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Recovery of stress-induced increases in noradrenaline turnover is delayed in specific brain regions of old rats.

Male Wistar rats at 2 and 12 months of age were sacrificed before, immediately following, and at 6 and 24 hours after a 3-hour immobilization stress period. Levels of noradrenaline (NA) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4), in eight brain regions and plasma corticosterone levels were fluorometrically determined. Immobilization stress caused significant increases of MHPG-SO4 levels in all brain regions examined and significant elevations in plasma corticosterone levels in both 2 and 12 month old rats. In 2 month old rats, the MHPG-SO4 levels in all brain regions returned to control levels within 6 hours after release from the stress. However, in 12 month old rats, the metabolite levels in the hypothalamus, amygdala, pons plus medulla oblongata (pons+med. obl .) and midbrain still remained at significantly increased levels at 6 and 24 hours after the stress. Moreover, in the amygdala of older rats, stress-induced decreases in NA levels persisted even 6 hours after stress. Plasma corticosterone levels also showed significant elevations at 6 and 24 hours after the stress only in 12 month old rats. These results suggest that brain NA metabolism during recovery periods from an acute exposure to a stressful situation is altered by the aging process in such a manner that NA neurons in the hypothalamus, amygdala, pons+med. obl . and midbrain in older rats remain activated by stressful stimuli for prolonged periods of time following release from stress.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Differential effects of morphine on noradrenaline release in brain regions of stressed and non-stressed rats.

Effects of morphine on noradrenaline (NA) turnover in the 8 brain regions were investigated in non-stressed and stressed rats. Morphine at 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg caused dose-dependent increases in levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4), the major metabolite of brain NA, in the hypothalamus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus and midbrain and decreases in NA levels in the first 4 of these regions. In contrast to these enhancing effects of morphine on NA release in non-stressed rats, pretreatment with morphine at 6 mg/kg significantly attenuated immobilization-stress-induced increases in MHPG-SO4 levels in the above regions. The morphine effects in both states, non-stressed and stressed, were reversed by naloxone at 0.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg in the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus. These neurochemical changes are apparently related to the distress-evoked hyperemotionality. Behavioral changes observed during the restraint stress such as struggling, vocalization and defecation were attenuated by morphine at 6 mg/kg and enhanced by naloxone at 5 mg/kg, and this action of morphine was also reversed by naloxone at 5 mg/kg. These results suggest that morphine acts to attenuate stress-induced increases in NA release in the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus via opiate receptors, although the drug facilitates NA release in these regions in non-stressed rats. Together with previous findings that naloxone enhances stress-induced increases in NA release selectively in these regions, it is further suggested that endogenous opioids released during stress might act to inhibit NA release in these specific brain areas and that these decreased noradrenergic activities might be closely related to the relief of the distress-evoked hyperemotionality in animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Daily increase in noradrenaline turnover in brain regions of activity-stressed rats.

Changes in contents of noradrenaline (NA) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4) in brain regions (the hypothalamus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebral cortex, pons plus medulla oblongata and basal ganglia) of male Wistar rats were evaluated after 1, 3 or 5 days of exposure to the activity-stress paradigm, wherein rats were housed in a cage with a running-wheel and restricted to 1-hr of feeding per day. When compared to the non-stressed control rats, contents of MHPG-SO4 in all the brain regions except of the basal ganglia in the stressed rats increased as rapidly as 1 day and continued to increase throughout the 5-day activity-stress period. Contents of NA did not change significantly in most of these brain regions. The daily increase in regional NA turnover by continuous exposure to the activity-stress paradigm was related to the large increases in running activity and gastric ulcers, and to body weight loss at the 3-day and 5-day testing periods. These data suggest that pathological states produced by a 5-day activity-stress paradigm may reflect concomitant disturbances of noradrenergic function in various brain regions. The activity-stress paradigm is regarded as an intense and progressive stress, because it induces an increase in NA response in extended brain regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Naloxone enhances stress-induced increases in noradrenaline turnover in specific brain regions in rats.

Male Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with either saline or naloxone, 1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg, 10 min before exposure to 1-hour immobilization-stress. Control animals were sacrificed 70 min after respective injections. Levels of noradrenaline (NA) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-S04) in seven discrete brain regions and plasma corticosterone levels were fluorometrically determined. Immobilization stress caused significant elevations of plasma corticosterone which were not affected by pretreatment with naloxone. In the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus, immobilization-stress caused significant elevations of MHPG-S04 levels, and naloxone at 5 mg/kg significantly enhanced these stress-induced elevations virtually without affecting the basal level of the metabolite. In contrast, in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and pons plus medulla oblongata, MHPG-S04 levels were elevated by stress, but were not affected by naloxone pretreatment. The effect of naloxone on stress-induced reductions of NA levels was unclear, since naloxone by itself (5 mg/kg) significantly decreased the amine levels in 5 of 7 brain regions examined. These results indirectly suggest that endogenous opioid peptides in the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus are partly involved in the stress process and attenuate increases in NA turnover induced by stress.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1982

Marked enhancement of noradrenaline turnover in extensive brain regions after activity-stress in rats.

Male Wistar rats were exposed to a 5-day activity-stress procedure wherein animals were housed in running-wheel activity cages and fed for only 1 hr each day (wheel-housed/food-restricted rats). This activity-stress procedure produced marked elevation in levels of the major metabolite of noradrenaline (NA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4), in eight brain regions, while a reduction of NA level occurred in several of these brain regions. These rats also exhibited excessive running activity and developed severe gastric glandular ulcers. Rats fed ad lib and housed in activity cages (wheel-housed/ad lib-fed) and rats housed in standard-individual cages and which received either 1-hr daily feeding (control cage-housed/food-restricted) or ad lib feeding (control cage-housed/ad lib-fed) showed neither significant changes in brain NA metabolism nor gastric ulcers. These results suggest that the interaction of a restricted feeding regimen and an increase running wheel activity caused marked enhancement of NA turnover in several brain regions, which is one of the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the physiological and behavioral changes produced by the activity-stress paradigm.

Animals↗