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Biomedical subjects

K Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to K Inoue.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[High-dose thio-TEPA with escalating doses of epirubicin and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant for refractory cancers].

We studied high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant for patients (pts) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and breast cancer (BC) refractory to conventional therapies. The conditioning regimen consisted of thio-TEPA 6 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days with escalating doses of epirubicin (EPI) in dose steps of 120, 150, 180 and 210 mg/m2 on day 1. Mucositis was dose limiting toxicity at 210 mg/m2 on this regimen, and the recommended dose of EPI was judged to be 180 mg/m2. No cardiotoxicities were observed. There were 3 with complete responses (CR), one partial response (PR) in pts with NHL, 3CR and 5PR in pts with BC. The median duration of response was 8 months (mos) and 4 mos, respectively. Hematological recovery was significantly earlier in the pts receiving both autologous bone marrow transplant (ABMT) and peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) than ABMT alone. This approach made it possible to overcome the prolonged PLT recovery, which was one of the major problems on ABMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Utility of the latex agglutination nephelometric immunoassay (Albusure Test) in screening for microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus.

All diabetic patients should be screened for early signs of diabetic nephropathy, because it is a prognostic factor in the disease. The albusure test (AT), a latex agglutination nephelometric immunoassay, is a rapid and low cost test for the detection of microalbuminuria of 30 mg/L or more. We compared the results of AT and of radioimmunoassay (RIA) for urinary albumin to evaluate the clinical utility of AT using fresh urine samples from 74 diabetic patients without persistent proteinuria and from 11 healthy subjects. Urinary albumin levels were 6.0 +/- 2.3 mg/L in the healthy subjects, 11.0 +/- 8.7 mg/L in the AT-negative group (n = 61), and 38.1 +/- 10.2 mg/L in the AT-positive group (n = 13). Using a cut-off value of 30 mg/L by RIA, the rate of coincidence between AT and RIA was 89.2%, although five subjects were false-positive by AT, and three were false-negative. These results show that AT may provide a useful monitor for microalbuminuria, a reliable early marker of diabetic nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Interdigestive and postprandial pancreatic exocrine secretion and cholecystokinin release in dogs].

Interdigestive and postprandial pancreatic exocrine secretion and cholecystokinin (CCK) release were investigated in 5 mongrel dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas in this study. The rapidly exaggerated postprandial pancreatic exocrine secretions were shown to be directly correlated to the rapid CCK release after meal. Corresponding to the previous studies, in the interdigestive state, pancreatic exocrine secretion showed cyclic changes which would be abolished by intravenous administration of atropine sulfate. However, we failed to demonstrate any significant correlation between plasma CCK levels and periodic pancreatic exocrine secretions during the interdigestive state through CCK radioimmunoassay. Furthermore, intravenous administration of atropine sulfate did not change the plasma CCK levels significantly in the interdigestive state. Having reviewed the literature, we thought that the periodic pancreatic exocrine secretion during the interdigestive state might be related to motilin release and cholinergic enteropancreatic reflex.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Rapid diagnosis of mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex, using MB Check system].

Fourty-five sputum specimens were subjected to isolation for mycobacteria either MB Check system (MB method; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland) or 3% Ogawa egg medium (Ogawa method). Test sputum was treated with 4 volumes of 4% NaOH for 1-2 min and 0.1 ml of the resulting mixture was inoculated onto 3% Ogawa egg medium. The remaining portion of the mixture was neutralized with IN HCl, diluted with 1/15 M phosphate buffer (PB; pH 6.8), and subsequently centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 20 min. The sediment was suspended in 1.5 ml of PB and 0.5 ml each was inoculated into MB Check M bottle (20 ml) supplemented with M supplement (1 ml). In MB method, bacterial growth was measured on Middlebrook 7H11 agar medium and Middlebrook 7H11 agar medium containing NAP (p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxy-propiophenone). Among 45 sputum specimens, the number of positive specimens for mycobacterial growth in the above two cultivation methods and time required for growth were as follows: 3% Ogawa egg medium; 12 specimens (26.7%) gave positive growth, including 7 of M. tuberculosis complex strains on 14-35 days (average 22 days) and 5 of M. avium complex strains on 14-21 days (average 18 days); MB method; 15 of specimens (33.3%) gave positive growth, including 8 of M. tuberculosis complex strains on 7-21 days (average 15 days), 6 of M. avium complex strains on 7-14 days (average 11 days) and 1 of M. scrofulaceum strain on 28 days. There was no specimen which was positive for mycobacterial growth on 3% Ogawa egg medium but negative on MB medium.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1992

Isolation of adult pig islet. In vitro assessment and xenotransplantation.

This study was conducted to develop an isolation method for adult pig islets and to investigate in vivo function after xenotransplantation as well as in vitro function of isolated islets. From the splenic portion of the glands (n = 20), 3277 +/- 645 islets per gram of pancreas were isolated and recovered by a five-step dextran discontinuous density gradient method. Purity of the final preparation obtained from 20 different consecutive pig pancreata was 80-90%. In vitro incubation study revealed a significant insulin release from isolated adult pig islets in response to glucose stimulation. In vitro perifusion study demonstrated a biphasic insulin response to glucose stimulation from isolated islets. Xenotransplantation of approx 2000 isolated adult pig islets into the portal vein of diabetic Wistar rats (n = 8) significantly reduced serum glucose levels from 431 +/- 24 mg/dL to 173 +/- 18 mg/dL 24 h after transplantation. This study provides a development of an isolation method for adult pig islets and demonstrates that isolated islets are viable and functioning both in vitro study and in vivo study of xenotransplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Selection of methods for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer].

The prognosis for ductal cancer of the pancreas is extremely poor. Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in the earlier stages has become possible by taking note of early symptoms, mild abdominal pain, back pain, anorexia, diabetes and obstructive jaundice. Presently, measurements of amylase in serum and urine, serum elastase-1, serum CA 19-9 and US are usually used for screening patients with the symptoms. Furthermore, for correct diagnosis, intensive study by US, dynamic CT, ERCP, MRI, cytological examination and CEA of pancreatic juice, endoscopic pancreatoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography are used. The results of surgical treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer are not generally favorable. Extended pancreatic resection (pancreatoduodenectomy, total pancreatectomy or distal pancreatectomy) with en bloc dissection of the lymph nodes has been performed for patients with invasive cancer. However, local recurrence and distant metastasis usually occurred after surgery. It seems difficult to cure pancreatic cancer by surgery alone. To improve the prognosis of resectable pancreatic cancer, multimodality treatment with intraoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy is performed and a better outcome is achieved.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical epidemiology of bronchial asthma in children report. No. III. Comparison of prevalence of asthma with 1982 and 1990 and environmental factors].

UNLABELLED: In 1982, our group carried out a survey by the questionnaires and on the site medical check-ups to observe and occurrence of asthma and other allergic symptoms in elementary and junior high school children in Izu Ohshima island. Same procedure was repeated in 1990 for 1145 children of the same age group to see any data fluctuation. The occurrence of allergic symptoms with relation to living conditions was also researched. RESULT: 114 students (11.0%) had either suffered from asthma in the past, or were still currently exhibiting symptoms, this marked a 7.5% rise (108 students) over the 1982 research data. However, patients in need of current treatment numbered 48 (4.5%), which was similar to the 1982 data of 82 (4.3%). For other allergic symptoms, rhinitis showed a marked increase over the 1982 data. The relation between living conditions and asthma was analyzed by Multiple Factor Analysis Quantification Theory. RESULT: 1) Family history of allergy, 2) Selection of food products upon starting solids during infancy, 3) Infection of lower bronchus during infancy all seemed to have had much influence on the occurrence of asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic effects of cefclidin against severe infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders. Hanshin Infection Study Group].

One hundred thirty-eight patients with severe infections associated with hematopoietic disorders were treated with cefclidin (CFCL), and the efficacy and the safety of the drug were evaluated. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Of the 126 patients in whom the efficacies were evaluable, 22 (17.5%) responded markedly well and 48 (38.1%) moderately, and the overall efficacy rate was 55.6%. 2. Efficacy rates for different infections were: 20.0% in septicemia, 61.2% in suspected septicemia, 46.7% in respiratory tract infection and 25.0% in others. 3. Significantly different efficacy ratings were observed between a group of patients with neutrophil counts of less than 100/mm3 and that with neutrophil counts of higher than 501/mm3. 4. Out of 138 patients in whom the safety was evaluable, side effects were observed in 5 patients (3.6%) and abnormal laboratory test values in 9 (6.5%). None was serious, however.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Angioscopic prediction of late vascular patency after transluminal balloon angioplasty for arteriosclerotic obstructions of the artery of the lower extremities].

Arterial occlusion or stenosis of the lower extremity due to arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) was treated by transluminal balloon angioplasty (TBA). Angioscopic observation of the vascular lumen, performed immediately after TBA, provided five major findings: (1) abrasion of the intima, (2) irregularity of the lumen due to poor expansion, (3) laceration of the wall, (4) mural thrombus and (5) calcification. The degree of each of these abnormalities was scored with a 3-grade scale (0, 1 and 2), and scores for the 5 abnormalities were totaled in each patient. Analysis of the relationship between scores and postoperative vascular patency demonstrated that patients without vascular patency in the early (within 6 months) or late period (6 months or more) after the operation had higher total scores as compared to those in whom the vessel remained patient in the corresponding postoperative periods (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05). Among others, patients with a total score over 5 showed markedly lower patency rates in the early period (10%) as well as late period (0%) after the operation (p less than 0.01). These results indicate the usefulness of post-TBA angioscopic observation of vascular lumen in predicting the long-term patency of the vessels operated on.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Experimental hybrid islet transplantation: application of polyvinyl alcohol membrane for entrapment of islets.

In this study, we first examined in vitro a polyvinyl alcohol membrane to be used to contain hybrid islet cells, and second we tested a bioartificial pancreas with entrapment of pancreatic islets in polyvinyl alcohol membrane in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. The permeability of the polyvinyl alcohol membrane to different substances was studied in a two-cell chamber system. Glucose, insulin, and nutrients passed through the membrane easily, whereas the passage of immunoglobulin G was completely prevented, indicating that this membrane could be effective in protecting the bioartificial pancreas from immunorejection. Approximately 2,000 islets collected from three Sprague-Dawley rats were enclosed in a mesh-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol tube and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of six Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Their nonfasting serum glucose levels were significantly decreased for at least 12 days. Six diabetic rats receiving intraperitoneal transplantation of free islets without the tube showed a slight but significant decrease in nonfasting serum glucose levels for only 3 days. One diabetic rat with transplantation of the bioartificial pancreas had a significant and sustained decrease in nonfasting glucose levels from pretransplanted levels of 440-500 mg/dl to a mean value of 162 +/- 13 mg/dl for over 3 months without immunosuppression. The bioartificial pancreas was then removed, and glucose levels gradually increased to over 500 mg/dl. The results of the present study suggest that a bioartificial pancreas with entrapment of islets in a polyvinyl alcohol membrane could be a promising therapeutic approach to diabetes mellitus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Limits of duration of chest tube drainage in the first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax].

We treated three patients with spontaneous left pneumothorax who underwent a long period of chest tube drainage before surgery. Case 1 was a 61-year-old man. On day 13 after drainage started, much air leakage occurred and surgery was done the next day. Case 2 was a 57-year-old man. Drainage failed to allow the air leakage to seal. The patient did not consent to surgery for about a month, but on day 38 after drainage started, he underwent surgery. Case 3 was a 19-year-old man. First, chest tube drainage was successful and he was extubated on day 16. However, pneumothorax recurred the next day. Liver dysfunction delayed surgical treatment, and the patient underwent surgery on day 54 after the first drainage. Postoperatively, he developed wound infection of the chest tube route and aseptic pleurisy of unknown origin. Limits of duration of unsuccessful chest tube drainage for the first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax are controversial. These cases suggest that when two weeks of chest tube drainage is unsuccessful, surgery should be undertaken in view of postoperative complication and social indications.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Coexistence of myeloma and primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)].

Coexistence of myeloma and MDS was noted in a patient without history of exposure to cytotoxic drugs. A 73-year-old man was admitted because of fever and dyspnea on exertion. A complete blood count revealed macrocytic anemia with hemoglobin 7.1 g/dl, RBC 191 x 10(4)/microliters and MCV 111.2 fl. WBC was 6,000/microliters, with normal differentials. Bone marrow showed erythroid hyperplasia with M/E ratio of 1.36. There were marked tri-lineage cellular abnormalities, which included megaloblastic changes, multinucleated erythroblasts, hypersegmentation of neutrophils, giant neutrophils, and giant platelets. Ringed-sideroblasts were demonstrated in 20% of the erythroblasts. These findings were compatible with MDS. Although plasma cells accounted for only 9.7% of the nucleated marrow cells, there were many immature plasma cells with inclusion bodies, and the patient showed lambda-light chain type monoclonal gammopathy with corresponding Bence Jones protein. Immuno-histochemical staining of the bone marrow biopsy specimen revealed monoclonal growth of lambda-positive plasma cells. A punched-out lesion of the skull eventually developed. These findings suggest existence of myeloma. There have been some reports of coexistence of MDS and myeloma; supporting the idea of pluripotent stem cell origin of the disease. This is the first documentation of such a case in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study on the islet of autotransplanted pancreas in dogs].

This study was conducted to clarify the quantitative and qualitative changes of the islet cells of Langerhans in the autotransplanted pancreas. The left lobe of the canine pancreas was autotransplanted to the left iliac fossa with pancreatic duct left open to the peritoneal cavity. Fibrosis of transplanted pancreas progressed after transplantation. B-cell ratio was decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) whereas A-cell ratio and D-cell ratio showed no significant changes. Ultrastructural study revealed the increase of collagen/bundle, degranulation of B-cells and well preservation of A-cell granules at 3 weeks after operation. B-cells with dark cytoplasm were found at 7 weeks after operation which indicate the dysfunction of B-cells. In contrast, clusters of immature B-cells appeared on some sections obtained from the pancreas 14 weeks after autotransplantation. On the other hand, K-values were decreased significantly 7 weeks after operation (p less than 0.05). sigma BS (integrated response value of serum glucose level during IVGTT) was increased significantly (p less than 0.01) in addition to the decrease of K-values (p less than 0.01) at 11 weeks after operation. It proved that any indices at 14 weeks after operation showed no significant changes from the control group. It might be possible to speculate that relatively well preservation of glucose tolerance at 14 weeks after operation is associated with some clusters of immature B-cells observed ultrastructurally.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Rapid diagnosis of mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex, using BACTEC 460 TB system].

Fourty-five sputum specimens collected at the National Sanatorium Hiroshima Hospital were subjected to cultivation using either BACTEC 460 TB System (BACTEC method; Becton Dickinson Co., Towson, Md., U.S.A.) or 3% Ogawa egg medium. Test sputum was treated with four volumes of 4% NaOH for approximately two minutes, after which 0.1 ml of the treated sputum was immediately inoculated onto 3% Ogawa egg medium. After neutralizing the remaining pretreated sputum with 1N HCl, and diluting with 1/15 M phosphate buffer PB; pH 6.8), it was then centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 20 min and the sediment was suspended in 1.5 ml of PB. Volumes of 0.5 ml each were inoculated into BACTEC 12B medium (4 ml), containing PANTA for prevention of contamination and POES for promoting the growth of mycobacteria. In the BBCTEC method, bacterial growth was measured in terms of increases in the Growth Index (GI) values which were determined by the amount of 14CO2 released from the 14C-labelled palmitate during cultivation at 37 degrees C (positive growth; GI greater than or equal to 50). Moreover, rho-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxy-propiophenone (NAP)-sensitivity testing was done by transferring a part of the BACTEC 12B culture showing positive growth to a NAP vial, and thereafter subjected to further cultivation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗