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Biomedical subjects

K Inukai

Publications and source records attributed to K Inukai.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Behavioral state distribution throughout 24-h video recordings in preterm infants at term with good prognosis.

Behavioral state distribution in 19 preterm infants at term with good developmental prognosis was studied by 24-h video recordings. The preterm infants of shortest gestation had longer time awake and this was concentrated in the daytime. On classifying behavioral states by Prechtl's criteria, the preterm infants had a smaller amount of state 1 than healthy term infants; but a similar amount of state 5 in awake time. Preterm infants were thought to have accelerated development in terms of diurnal sleep-awake rhythm, and decelerated development in terms of the content of sleep manifested by the amount of state 1.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomographic findings in children with spastic diplegia: correlation with the severity of their motor abnormality.

Computed tomographic findings of 46 children with spastic diplegia examined at nine months to three years of age corrected for preterm births were analyzed. Both the size of the lateral ventricles measured by the width of the anterior horns, and the volume of the extracerebral low-density areas were enlarged in some patients. Both enlargements did not, however, correlate to the severity of the motor abnormality in the patients. The low-density areas of the periventricular white matter, especially adjacent to the trigone, were reduced in many children, probably due to the atrophy of the cerebral white matter having periventricular leukomalacia. The anterior expansion of the white matter reduction from the trigone corresponded to the severe motor abnormality in the children with spastic diplegia.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1988

Surfactant replacement therapy in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. A multi-centre, randomized clinical trial: comparison of high- versus low-dose of surfactant TA.

We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing the efficacy of two doses of a reconstituted bovine surfactant (Surfactant TA) in premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation shortly after birth for respiratory distress syndrome. Forty-six infants weighting 1000-1499 g were randomized into two groups: a low-dose group (23 infants given a single dose of 60 mg surfactant lipid/kg) and a high-dose group (23 infants given a single dose of 120 mg/kg). The mean (SD) age at which surfactant was given was 5.5 (+/- 1.2) h in the low-dose group and 6.0 (+/- 1.5) h in the high dose group. Both treatments improved oxygenation (increased arterial-alveolar PO2 ratio) with decreased mean airway pressure, the high-dose surfactant having a more beneficial effect in prolonging the response. Infants in the high-dose group had significantly less (P less than 0.05) incidence of both intraventricular haemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This prospective trial documents that a greater benefit can be obtained by increasing the dose of surfactant (120 mg/kg) beyond 60 mg/kg treatment of premature infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Computed tomographic findings in full-term infants with good prognosis.

To determine the normal neonatal computed tomographic (CT) findings, 121 CT scans of term infants with some neurological symptoms in the neonatal periods and a later good prognosis were studied. The majority of the neonates had asymmetric skulls with backward protrusion of the left occipital bone. In early neonates, the ventricles were small and straight high density lines were commonly seen in the posterior longitudinal cerebral fissure. In many, the left posterior horn was larger than the right one. Periventricular low density areas in the anterior and the posterior horns were noticed. The basal ganglia and the thalamus showed homogeneous density that was the same as that of the cerebellum. About one-third of the neonates had extra-cerebellar low density areas.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Monitoring of dopamine metabolism by in vivo voltammetry and high performance liquid chromatography in L-dopa-treated rats.

Following L-DOPA administration, DA metabolites were measured by both in vivo voltammetry and HPLC-ECD. In vivo, the amplitudes of the catechol oxidation currents in both the striatum and frontal cortex increased and reached a plateau from 60 min to 240 min after L-DOPA treatment. L-DOPA, DA, DOPAC and HVA levels measured by HPLC-ECD after L-DOPA treatment were increased in both regions, and the occurrence of the peak of each compound was dependent on its order in the metabolic pathway, i.e., 15 min for DA, 45 min for DOPAC and 60-180 min for HVA. However, NE remained unchanged. No indication of a rapid DA increase was apparent in the catechol oxidation current at 15 min; and thus, DA is unlikely to be a main contributor to the catechol oxidation current in the brain of rats treated with L-DOPA.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1986

Activity, cardiac and respiratory responses of blindfold preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit.

The purposes of the present study were to examine 24-h periods in the life of preterm infants incubated in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) using indices of activity, cardiac and respiratory responses, and to examine the effects of blindfolding incubated infants upon these behavioural indices. Ten healthy preterm infants were individually observed for 2 days a week for a 24-h period, using a continuous video recording system. Each infant was blindfolded with an eye-mask and a black head-cap for approximately equal to 10 h during a night out of the 2 days. Analyses on activity, cardiac and respiratory responses were done for (1) 20 min sampled from every other hour during the 2 days, and (2) for 1 h during the night, both a blindfolded day and unblindfolded, respectively. The results showed that activity was less and respiration rate lower when blindfolded than when unblindfolded. Respiration rate was also found to be stable when blindfolded.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Foetomaternal relationships of serum bile acid pattern estimated by high-pressure liquid chromatography.

The bile acid patterns in the maternal and umbilical vein and artery serum samples were analysed by a two-step chromatographic method involving group separation by piperidinohydroxypropyl-Sephadex LH-20 and high-pressure liquid chromatography using immobilized 3 alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase. Glycochenodeoxycholate predominates in the maternal blood and taurochenodeoxycholate in the umbilical blood. In cases where a free bile acid was detected in the maternal blood, the same bile acid was also demonstrated in the corresponding cord blood. The concentrations of taurocholate and taurochenodeoxycholate were found to be significantly higher in the umbilical artery than in the corresponding umbilical vein. Our data suggest that there is a bidirectional placental transfer of free bile acids and that there is a transfer of taurine-conjugated primary bile acids from the foetus to the mother.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Localization of the histamine H(2) receptor, a target for antiulcer drugs, in gastric parietal cells.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Histamine H(2) receptor antagonists are widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disorders. However, whether the H(2) receptor is present in parietal or immune cells in the lamina propria remains controversial. This study is designed to determine the H(2) receptor localization immunohistochemically using an antibody against the newly cloned mouse histamine H(2) receptor. METHODS: We cloned the mouse histamine H(2) receptor gene and generated a specific antipeptide antibody against the C terminus. Immunohistochemical studies were performed with this antibody and with a monoclonal antibody against H(+)/K(+) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase). RESULTS: Histamine H(2) receptors were localized on the plasma membrane and on the cytoplasm just beneath the plasma membrane on the basolateral sides of gastric cells. Confocal microscopy of double-stained sections using the monoclonal antibody against H(+)/K(+) ATPase, a specific parietal cell marker, showed that histamine H(2) receptors colocalized with H(+)/K(+) ATPase. No specific histamine H(2) receptor immunoreactivities were observed in the submucosal regions. CONCLUSION: The H(2) receptor is localized in the gastric parietal cell.

Amino Acid Sequence↗