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Biomedical subjects

K Irie

Publications and source records attributed to K Irie.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A protective human monoclonal antibody directed to the outer core region of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide.

The protective activity against experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of a human monoclonal antibody, MH-4H7, which is thought to recognize L-rhamnose and its neighboring residues in the outer core region of P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide and which binds to strains of Homma serotypes A, F, G, H, K, and M, was studied in normal, burned, and leukopenic mice. MH-4H7 at doses of 0.1 to 1.0 micrograms per mouse (5 to 50 micrograms/kg) was effective against serotype A, F, G, H, and K clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa tested in normal mice but not against strains of serotype M, B, E, or I. The 50% protective doses were calculated to be 0.01 and 0.1 micrograms per mouse against challenge with serotype G strains and 3 to 8 micrograms per mouse against challenge with serotype A strains. MH-4H7 promoted macrophage-mediated opsonophagocytosis of serotype A, F, G, H, and K strains but not of serotype M strains. The opsonophagocytic activity, expressed as the reduction rate of viable bacteria in the presence of MH-4H7, macrophages, and complement, was higher against serotype G strains (more than 90%) than against serotype A strains (60 to 80%) and serotype F, H, and K strains (50 to 86%). It was correlated with the protective activity but not with the binding intensity of MH-4H7 to the organisms. In addition, burned and leukopenic mice as well as normal mice infected with serotype G strains recovered from a very low dosage of MH-4H7. Thus, a monoclonal antibody directed to the outer core region of P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide was effective against infection with a wide range of O-serotype strains of P. aeruginosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Inhibitory activity on bacterial motility and in vivo protective activity of human monoclonal antibodies against flagella of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Three stable hybridoma cell lines, IN-2A8, IN-5D6, and ZI-3A8, that secrete human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for b-type flagella of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were established by fusing peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy volunteers with murine myeloma P3X63-Ag8.653 cells. The immunoglobulin M MAbs reacted specifically with flagellin (Mr, 52,000) by Western blotting (immunoblotting) analysis and bound specifically to clinical isolates belonging to Homma serotypes A, B, H, I, and M at frequencies of 58, 50, 46, 30, and 35%, respectively, but did not bind to any serotype E or G isolates. Overall, the MAbs bound to 31% of the clinical isolates. MAb IN-2A8 strongly protected burned mice challenged with P. aeruginosa bearing b-type flagella from death following parenteral administration of 0.1 microgram per mouse. This MAb also inhibited P. aeruginosa colony spreading in soft agar at a concentration of more than 1 microgram/ml but only slightly enhanced opsonophagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A line of evidence suggests that the potent in vivo activity of MAb IN-2A8 in the burned-mouse model is likely to be caused by its inhibition of bacterial motility after binding to flagella.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Multiple brain tumors of different cell types with an unruptured cerebral aneurysm--case report.

A rare case of coexistent Burkitt-type lymphoma and meningioma associated with an unruptured cerebral aneurysm is presented. A 49-year-old male complaining of headache and right hemiparesis was admitted to our hospital. Neuroradiological examination revealed a multinodular mass in the left frontal convexity and an unruptured cerebral aneurysm at the M1 portion of the left middle cerebral artery. He underwent an operation for tumor removal and aneurysm clipping. Histological examination revealed the tumor to be a typical meningotheliomatous meningioma without malignancy. However, a second operation was necessary for another tumor invading into the left frontal lobe, which proved to be a Burkitt-type lymphoma. The second tumor may have been resulted from irritative effect of the first tumor, but the aneurysm was considered purely coincidental.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term changes in cerebral blood flow in patients with atherothrombotic and embolic brain infarction].

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured twice at years interval using xenon-133 inhalation technique in patients with atherothrombotic and embolic supratentorial brain infarction. The purpose of the study was to elucidate factors influencing long-term change in CBF in two subtypes of brain infarction of different mechanisms. Those patients were excluded from the study, who had bilateral hemispheric lesions, significant arterial lesion in the contralateral carotid axis and recurrent stroke before the second measurement of CBF. Of 46 patients studied, 23 (17 men and 6 women) were classified as atherothrombotic and 23 (15 men and 8 women) as embolic infarction based on the diagnostic criteria reported earlier. Their age at onset was 60.6 +/- 8.9 years old (mean +/- S.D.) for atherothrombotic patients, and 60.2 +/- 11.0 years old for embolic patients. The first measurement of CBF was performed between 31 and 87 days and the second measurement between 13 and 99 months after onset. In atherothrombotic group, mean hemispheric CBF (mCBF) of the affected side tended to be higher in patients examined at intervals shorter than 30 months, but tended to decrease in those at longer interval. The multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated only "the interval between 2 measurements" to have a significant effect on reduction of mCBF, although in addition to the interval (p less than 0.05), infarct-size (p less than 0.01) and change in PaCO2 (p less than 0.05) were suggested to be possible factors by single regression analysis. In embolic group, an increase in hematocrit had a significant effect on reduction of mCBF, even when being evaluated with multivariate stepwise regression analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Malignant mesenchymoma of the retroperitoneum: a case report].

This is a case report of a malignant mesenchymoma of the retroperitoneum. On December 1988, a 60-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of painless and increasing swelling in the left side of the abdomen. The tumor was resected on March 1, 1989; tumor weight was 4,780 g. Histologically, the lesion contained liposarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, fibrohistiocytic and fibrosarcomatous components. After the tumor resection, he received chemotherapy according to the CYVADIC regimen, and he has been doing well without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

N-acetyl-L-galactosaminuronic acid as an epitope common to the O-polysaccharides of Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype A and H (Homma) recognized by a protective human monoclonal antibody.

We have established a human--mouse heterohybridoma cell line producing a human monoclonal antibody TS-3G2 (IgG gamma 1, K). This monoclonal antibody specifically bound to O-polysaccharides belonging to plural Pseudomonas aeruginosa Homma serotypes, A and H, in contrast to serotype-specific monoclonal antibody which exclusively bound to strains belonging to a single specific serotype. The binding affinity for serotype A strains was higher than that for serotype H strains. Competitive enzyme immunoassay experiments with O-polysaccharide preparations derived from IID 1001, NCTC 8505 (serotype A) and IID 1009 (serotype H) and their derivatives demonstrated that the N-acetyl-L-galactosaminuronic acid residue in O-polysaccharide was essentially involved in the epitope for TS-3G2. Furthermore, a 6-deoxy-hexosamine residue neighboring the reducing terminal of N-acetyl-L-galactosaminuronic acid residues was also concerned with the epitope to some extent. In the experimental infection model of normal mice, the monoclonal antibody TS-3G2 showed a protective activity against both strains of serotype A and H.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Relationships between tooth eruption, occlusion and alveolar bone resorption: cytological and cytochemical studies of bone resorption on rat incisor alveolar bone facing the enamel.

The rat labial incisor alveolar bone facing the enamel and bearing the occlusal force was examined by electron microscopy after being compared with the lingual alveolar bone by histological and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations. On the labial side, shallow resorptive lacunae were recognized all over the bone surface; these were mainly covered by osteoclasts and some mononuclear cells. The cement line was absent from the bone matrix. On the lingual side, residues of Sharpey's fibers, the bone formation surface and deep resorptive lacunae were observed by SEM. Histologically, bone remodeling areas showing both osteoclasts and active bone-forming osteoblasts on the bone surface, as well as many cement lines in bone matrix, were recognized. Furthermore, electron microscopic and cytochemical studies demonstrated that mononuclear cells located close to osteoclasts displayed osteoblastic characteristics such as alkaline phosphatase activity, a developed Golgi apparatus, and a rough endoplasmic reticulum. These findings indicate that continuous bone resorption occurs on the labial bone surface, while active bone remodeling occurs on the lingual surface. Even on the labial surface, osteoblastic cells close to osteoclasts seem to play an important role in the differentiation and or activation of osteoclasts.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Relationships between tooth eruption, occlusion and alveolar bone resorption: histochemical and cytological studies of bone remodeling on rat incisor alveolar bone facing the enamel after root resection.

The labial side of rat incisor alveolar bone facing the enamel is continuously resorbed as the result of compressive force produced by the occlusion and eruption of incisors. In order to clarify the relationship between this mechanical compressive force and the bone cells involved in bone remodeling, we examined morphological changes occurring in the alveolar bone once the compressive force was eliminated by the removal of the proliferative odontogenic base (root resection according to Berkovitz and Thomas, 1969). After root resection, the incisor migrated halfway along the socket. On the crestal part where incisor still existed, active osteoclasts were prominent on the bone surface, and flattened mononuclear cells lay close upon active osteoclasts. Sinusoidal blood vessels or capillaries were observed at short distances from the bone surface. On the basal part where socket was vacant, osteoblasts lined up on the newly formed bone, and the osteogenic cell layer lay on the osteoblasts. Between the two parts, which correspond to the reversal phase proposed by Baron (1977), osteoblastic cells with developed cell organelles increased in number and the distance between blood vessels and bone surface increased. Osteoclasts reduced their activities, and osteoblastic cells often wedged themselves between the osteoclasts and bone surface. These findings indicate that the elimination of compressive force mediated by incisors leads to the activation of osteoblastic cells and inactivation of osteoclasts, which results in a conversion from bone resorption to bone formation. Thus, osteoblastic cells may play an important role in controlling osteoclastic activity in conversion from bone resorption to bone formation, partly by a direct effect and partly by controlling the access of blood vessels to the bone surface.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[CT findings of the temporal bones in Waardenburg's syndrome].

We reported three cases of Waardenburg's syndrome and discussed CT findings of the temporal bones. Two cases of these patients were mother and daughter. Case 1, a two-year-old girl, had lateral displacement of the medial canthi, a broad nasal root, hetero-chromic iridis, left ptosis, albinotic fundus, and bilateral congenital deafness. CT findings of the temporal bones showed enlarged vestibules, short lateral semicircular canal, and absent right posterior semicircular canal. The mother had congenital deafness, heterochromia iridis, and a white forelock and showed similar abnormal CT findings of the temporal bones. Case 2, a one-year-old boy, had lateral displacement of the medial canthi, a broad nasal root, partial heterochromia iridis, albinotic fundus, and bilateral congenital deafness. CT findings of the temporal bones showed enlarged vestibules and absence of semicircular canals except the right lateral semicircular canal. These cases were diagnosed as Waardenburg's syndrome on the basis of the characteristic features.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

[Laboratory tests on cancer--cytology].

A comparative study was performed on needle aspiration cytology and the histological grading of 34 cases of small liver cancers. According to the Edmondson-Steiner's classification, 9 of the 34 cases were Grade I, 10 cases were a mixture of Grades I and II and 15 were Grade II or a mixture of Grades II and III or Grades I, II and III. The group consisting of Grade II and mixtures of Grades II and III or Grades I, Ii and III were diagnosed by needle aspiration cytology using cytological criteria described previously, but cases consisting of Grade I and mixtures of Grades I and II were very difficult to diagnose because of the relative lack of cellular atypia, and the diagnostic accuracy in this group was low. Retrospectively, ceLlularity, cellular architecture and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio were the most valuable cytological findings in the cases of Edmondson-Steiner's Grade I and the mixture of Grades I and II. In addition, some cases of small liver cancers had characteristically large lipid vacuoles which resembled a signet ring cell. Imprint cytology of neuroblastomas is a rapid diagnostic test which is very useful for differential diagnosis of neuroblastoma from other childhood solid tumors. Recently, flow cytometric DNA analysis and the N-myc oncogene have been proposed as important factors in the estimation of the prognosis of neuroblastomas. Three of fore patients with aneuploid DNA under the age of 1.5 years at diagnosis survive, while five of eight patients with diploid DNA over the age of 1.5 years at diagnosis died during a 12 to 120 month follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Biological activities and cellular uptake studies of fluorescent derivatives of indole alkaloid tumor promoter teleocidin.

To investigate the interaction between tumor promoters and their cellular targets, 6 new fluorescent derivatives of indole alkaloid tumor promoter teleocidin were synthesized from (-)-indolactam V, and examined for induction of Epstein-Barr virus, binding ability to the TPA receptor on mouse skin and activation of protein kinase C. (-)-7-(2-N-Dansylaminoethyl)indolactam V (dansyl-ILV) had strong activities and proved to be a potent tumor promoter in a 2-stage carcinogenesis experiment. (-)-2-Formyl-7-decanoyl-indolactam V (FD-ILV) showed a weak but significant activity. The other 4 derivatives had little activity. Treatment of HeLa cells with dansyl-ILV and FD-ILV resulted in intense fluorescence in the entire cytoplasm and on the nuclear membrane. Inactive or less active derivatives with hydrophobicity similar to that of dansyl-ILV showed significant cytoplasmic fluorescence, and those far less hydrophobic than dansyl-ILV or far more hydrophobic than FD-ILV showed little fluorescence. This suggested that hydrophobicity rather than biological activity determines the cellular uptake of these fluorescent probes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Sequence analysis of cloned dengue virus type 2 genome (New Guinea-C strain).

Sequences totalling 5472 nucleotides (nt) from four complementary DNA (cDNA) clones of the dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) RNA (New Guinea strain, NGS-C) have been reported previously [Yaegashi et al., Gene 46 (1986) 257-267; Putnak et al., Virology 163 (1988) 93-103]. This report describes the complete nucleotide sequence, with the exception of about 7 nt at the 5'-noncoding region, of this RNA genome derived from several cDNA clones. It is 10,723 nt in length and contains a single long open reading frame of 10,173 nt, encoding a polyprotein of 3391 amino acids. The genomic organization is similar to that of other flaviviruses that have recently been reported. Among the three DEN-2 strains - the Jamaica genotype (DEN-2JAM), the DEN-2NGS-C, and the S1 candidate vaccine strain derived from Puerto Rico (PR)-159 isolate (DEN-2S1) - which have been sequenced to date, the amino acid sequences of the polyproteins bear 94%-99% similarity. When the amino acid sequences of DEN-2NGS-C are compared with those of the other two strains, the variations are greater in the DEN-2S1 than in the DEN-2JAM. When DEN-2 and DEN-4 are compared, the overall amino acid identities range from 30% to 80% in both the structural and nonstructural proteins; whereas between DEN-2 and DEN-1, they range from 68% to 79% in the region encoding the structural proteins and the nonstructural protein NS1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

An index for estimating the probability of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancers. Lymph node metastasis and the histopathology of actively invasive regions of cancer.

We examined resected specimens from 40 cases of advanced rectal cancer to determine the extent of microtubular cancer nests and undifferentiated cancer cells (budding). We investigated the relationship between this budding and lymphatic invasion (ly), venous invasion (v), and lymph node metastasis (n), respectively. Moreover, we examined the relationship between ly, budding, and n in the preoperative biopsy specimens of 112 patients, including those of the 40 cases mentioned above. The degree of budding, which was abundant in the actively invasive region, showed a strong correlation with the degree of ly and the existence of n in the resected specimens. Also, budding was recognized in a relatively large portion of the biopsy specimens (52 of 112 [46.4%]) and lymph node metastasis was found in 41 of 52 specimens (78.8%). In 57 specimens, neither ly nor budding was found, and 16 of these specimens (28.1%) had positive lymph nodes. These results implied that the degree of budding in the actively invasive region can be a great help in predicting the presence of n. The presence or absence of budding in preoperative biopsy specimens also can be an important factor (along with the degree of differentiation and ly) in estimating the probability of n.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of OK-432 on large-bowel carcinogenesis in rats.

To examine the carcinogenetic and growth inhibitory effects of OK-432, large-bowel carcinoma was induced experimentally in rats by intrarectal injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), and OK-432 was administered intradermally. Rats were sacrificed after six months and the large intestine was cut into serial sections. Histopathologic examination and analysis of the infiltrating mononuclear cells, using monoclonal antibodies, were performed. The average rate of carcinogenesis per rat was 15.7 +/- 8.5 in the MNU alone group (n = 10) and 8.3 +/- 3.5 in the MNU and OK-432 group (n = 6). The invasion was deeper than the muscularis propria in 16 out of 157 lesions (10.2 percent) in the MNU alone group and in one out of 50 lesions in the MNU + OK-432 group (2.0 percent) (P less than 0.05). When time of appearance of atypical glands or carcinomas were compared in the MNU alone and MNU + OK-432 group, carcinogenesis was found to be delayed in the MNU + OK-432 group. In the investigation of infiltrating mononuclear cells using monoclonal antibodies, there were increases in helper T cells in both the MNU alone and MNU + OK-432 groups, but there was little difference between the two groups. The results of this study suggest that the suppression of experimental carcinogenesis in the large bowel by the concomitant administration of OK-432 with MNU, may be due to the enhanced activation or prolonged activated state of immunocompetent cells, which appear via antigen recognition, by OK-432.

Adenocarcinoma↗